Avance 400 spectrometer

All melting points were taken on a Büchi apparatus and are uncorrected. NMR spectra were recorded on a Brucker Avance 400 spectrometer (400 MHz for ¹H NMR, 100 MHz for ¹³C). Chromatographic separations were performed on a silica gel column by gravity chromatography (Kieselgel 40, 0.063–0.200 mm; Merck) or flash chromatography (Kieselgel 40, 0.040–0.063 mm; Merck). Yields are given after purification, unless differently stated. When reactions were performed under anhydrous conditions, the mixtures were maintained under nitrogen. High-resolution mass spectrometry (HR-MS) analyses were performed with a Thermo Finnigan LTQ Orbitrap mass spectrometer equipped with an electrospray ionisation source (ESI). Analyses were carried out in positive ion mode monitoring protonated molecules, [M + H]⁺ species, and a proper dwell time acquisition was used to achieve 60,000 units of resolution at Full Width at Half Maximum (FWHM). Elemental composition of compounds were calculated on the basis of their measured accurate masses, accepting only results with an attribution error less than 5 ppm and a not integer RDB (double bond/ring equivalents) value, in order to consider only the protonated species²² . Compounds were named following IUPAC rules by means of ChemDraw 14.0.

An AVATAR360 (Nicolet, USA) and an AVANCE 400 spectrometer (Brucker, Switzerland) were used to determine the chemical structure of the polymers. A Damn Eos (Wyatt, USA) gel permeation chromatograph (GPC) instrument equipped with Phenogel 10E6A column and an OPTILAB rEX refractive-index detector was used to determine the molecular weight and polydispersity. Tetrahydrofuran (THF) was used as the eluent at a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min at 30°C and polystyrene standards for the calibration. A Zetasizer Nano-ZS90 (Malvern Instruments, UK) and Transmission electron microscopy (JEM-100CX II TEM) were employed to determine the size and the morphology of the micelles.