Bcp 1

Body cavity-based lymphoma cells (BCBL-1, KSHV⁺/EBV^neg) were kindly provided by Dr. Dean Kedes (University of Virginia) and maintained in RPMI 1640 medium (Gibco) with supplements as described previously [34 (link)]. BC-1 (KSHV⁺/EBV⁺) and BCP-1 (KSHV⁺/EBV^neg) cells were purchased from ATCC and maintained in complete RPMI 1640 medium (ATCC) supplemented with 20% FBS. All cells were incubated at 37°C in 5% CO₂. Burkitt's lymphoma cell lines BL-41 (KSHV^neg/EBV^neg), Akata and Mutu (both KSHV^neg/EBV⁺) were kindly provided by Dr. Dean Kedes (University of Virginia) and Dr. Erik Flemington (Tulane University), respectively, and cultured as described elsewhere [35 (link)]. Primary human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) were cultured as described previously [36 (link)]. All experiments were carried out using cells harvested at low (<20) passages. The 3-(4-chlorophenyl)-adamantane-1-carboxylic acid (pyridin-4-ylmethyl) amide (ABC294640) was synthesized as previously described [37 (link)]. C18-Cer and dhC16-Cer were purchased from Avanti Polar Lipids. C2-, C6- and C8-Cer were purchased from Cayman Chemical.

HCMV strain AD169 (ATCC VR538) was used to infect primary human foreskin fibroblasts and viral genomes were obtained from the culture supernatant. HHV6 DNA was obtained from the MOLT3 cell line (ATCC CRL-1552) infected with viral particles of HHV6B Z29 strain (ATCC VR-1467). HHV7 DNA was purified from primary infected lymphocytes. EBV and KSHV genomes were obtained from the commercial cell lines Raji (ATCC CCL-86) and BCP-1 (ATCC-CRL-2294), respectively.

Body cavity-based lymphoma cells (BCBL-1, KSHV⁺/EBV^neg) and a Burkitt’s lymphoma cell line BL-41 (KSHV^neg/EBV^neg) were kindly provided by Dr. Dean Kedes (University of Virginia) and maintained in RPMI 1640 medium (Gibco) with supplements as described previously [9 (link)]. The Burkitt’s lymphoma cell line BJAB (KSHV^neg/EBV^neg), RAMOS (KSHV^neg/EBV^neg), AKATA (KSHV^neg/EBV⁺) were kindly provided by Dr. Erik Flemington (Tulane University) and cultured as described elsewhere [54 (link)]. PEL cell line BC-1 (KSHV⁺/EBV⁺), BC-3 (KSHV⁺/EBV^neg), and BCP-1 (KSHV⁺/EBV^neg) cells were purchased from American Type Culture Collection (ATCC) and maintained in complete RPMI 1640 medium (ATCC) supplemented with 20% FBS. A diffuse large cell lymphoma (DLCL) cell line CRL2631 (KSHV^neg/EBV^neg) was purchased from ATCC and maintained in complete RPMI 1640 medium (ATCC) supplemented with 10% FBS. Primary human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) were cultured as described previously [21 (link)]. KSHV infection was verified for all cell lines using immunofluorescence assays for detection of the KSHV latency-associated nuclear antigen (LANA) [9 (link)]. All cells were cultured at 37°C in 5% CO₂. All experiments were carried out using cells harvested at low (<20) passages. Monosodium glutamate (MSG), Sulfasalazine (SASP) and Bay11-7082 were purchased from Sigma.

The PEL cell-line BCBL-1 (KSHV+/EBV-) was cultured as described previously [18 (link)]. The other PEL cell lines BC-1 (KSHV+/EBV+), BC-3 (KSHV+/EBV-), BCP-1 (KSHV+/EBV-), JSC-1 (KSHV+/EBV+) were purchased from American Type Culture Collection (ATCC), and maintained in complete RPMI 1640 medium (ATCC) supplemented with 20% FBS. The NSCLC cell-line, A549 was purchased from ATCC and cultured in RPMI-1640 medium (Gibco) supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum and 1% penicillin & streptomycin [28 (link)]. All cells were incubated at 37°C in 5% CO₂. All experiments were carried out using cells harvested at low (<20) passages.