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29 protocols using p egfr

1

Comprehensive Protein Expression Analysis

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Whole-cell lysates were prepared as previously described55 (link). Antibodies specific for p53 (1:2000, sc-126), p-EGFR (1:1000, Tyr1173, sc-101668), EGFR (1:2000, sc-373749), p-Erk (1:1000, Thr202/Tyr204, sc-16982), Erk (1:3000, sc-94), Akt (1:3000, sc-5298), AXL (1:1000, sc-1096), E-cadherin (1:1000, sc-71008), EpCAM (1:1000, sc-71059), desmoplakin (1:1000, sc-390975), cytokeratin-8/18 (1:1000, sc-70939) were purchased from Santa Cruz Biotechnology (Santa Cruz, CA, USA); those for p-Akt (1:1000, Ser473, #4060), β-catenin (1:1000, #8480), p-AXL (1:1000, #4060), and vimentin (1:1000, #5741) were obtained from Cell Signaling Technology (Beverly, MA, USA). To assess the level of p-AXL, lysates were immunoprecipitated with an anti-AXL antibody and immunoblotted with an anti-phosphotyrosine (p-Tyr, 1:1000, sc-7020, Santa Cruz) antibody. The immunoblotting is representative of three independent experiments.
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2

Myxoid Liposarcoma EGFR Activation

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Myxoid liposarcoma cells were stimulated with macrophage-conditioned medium (M-CM: RAW-CM and U937-CM) or HB-EGF 20 ng ml−1 for 5 min. To inhibit the stimulation, various concentrations of gefitinib and anti-HB-EGF antibody were added for 2 h before the stimulation. After stimulation, the cells were lysed using CelLytic (Sigma-Aldrich) with a protease and phosphatase inhibitor cocktail (Complete Mini, PhosSTOP; Roche Diagnostics, Mannheim, Germany). Western blot analysis was performed as described previously (Fujiwara-Okada et al, 2013 (link); Iida et al, 2013 (link)) with the following primary antibodies: pEGFR (1 : 500), EGFR (1 : 1000), and β-actin (1 : 2000, Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Santa Cruz, CA, USA).
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3

Multimarker Immunohistochemistry Analysis

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Tissues were fixed in 4% paraformaldehyde, sent for sectioning, and assessed with an IHC kit (ZSGB-BIO, Beijing, China). Slides were incubated at 4°C overnight (16−20 h) with antibodies reactive with Ki67 (#ab16667; Abcam), F4/80 (#ab100790; Abcam), CD163 (#sc58965; Santa Cruz), VEGF (#ab32152; Abcam), VEGFR (#ab32152; Abcam), CD34 (#ab81289; Abcam), EGFR (#sc373746; Santa Cruz), and p-EGFR (#sc-377547; Santa Cruz). Diaminobenzidine (K176810E; ZSGB-BIO, China) was used for target protein staining and H&E for nuclear staining. Images were photographed at 400× with a microscope.
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4

MTT Assay and Signaling Pathway Analysis

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3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT), propidium iodide (PI) and other chemicals were purchased from Sigma (St. Louis, Missouri, USA). The specific anti-SHP1 short interfering RNA (siRNA) and nonspecific control siRNA sequences were purchased from GenePharma (Shanghai, China). Commercial antibodies to the following antigens were as follows: SHP-1, EGFR, p-GSK3β (Ser9), Cyclin D1, and c-Myc (Epitomics, Burlingame, USA); p-EGFR, β-actin, GAPDH, histone H3, and EGFR (Santa Cruz Biotechnology, California, USA); h-Ras, p-Erk1/2, Erk1/2, β-catenin, Snail, E-cadherin, and N-cadherin (Cell Signaling Technology, Massachusetts, USA); k-Ras, GSK3β (Proteintech Group, Chicago, USA); and SHP-1 (Abcam, Cambridge, UK).
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5

Protein Expression Analysis via Western Blotting

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Protein extraction and Western blotting were performed as previously described (24 (link)). Primary antibodies against IL17RD, FLAG, pAKT, pERK, pERBB2 EGFR, pEGFR, and beta actin were used with a dilution of 1:500 for IL17RD (R and D systems), 1:1000 for FLAG (Clontech, Mountain View, CA),1:500 pAKT (Cell Signaling Technology, Danvers, MA), 1:500 for EGFR (Cell Signaling Technology), 1:100 for pEGFR (Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Dallas, TX), 1:2500 for pERK (Santa Cruz Biotechnology), 1:200 for pERBB2 (Santa Cruz Biotechnology) and 1:5000 for beta actin (Sigma Aldrich, St. Louis, MO). Mean expression between treatment group was compared using a Student’s t-test.
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6

Comprehensive Protein Expression Analysis

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Antibodies against the following proteins were used: PLD2 (sc-515744), BAX (sc-7480), XIAP (sc-55550), Bim (sc-374358), VEGF (sc-7269), EGFR (sc-373746), p-EGFR (sc-81488), AKT (sc-81434), p-AKT (sc-377556), PKCζ (sc-17781), pPKC (sc-12894R), PKCδ (sc-8402), p-PKCδ (sc-377560) and α-tubulin (sc-8035, Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Dallas, TX, USA), acetyl-Histone 4 (06-866, EMD Millipore, Burlington, MA, USA), ERK (#9102), p-ERK (#9101S), JNK (#9252), p-JNK (#4668), IκBα (#4814), p-IκBα (#2859), Src (#2109), p-Src (#2101), S6K (#2708), p-S6K (#9234), p38 (#9212), p-p38 (#9211) and cleavaged caspase 3 (#9661, Cell Signaling, Danver, MA, USA). The signal densities on the blots were measured with Image J (Wayne Rasband) and normalized using anti-α-tubulin antibody.
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7

Comprehensive Western Blotting Antibody Panel

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Primary antibodies used for Western blotting were as follows: p-Tyr (sc-508), GAPDH (sc-32233), SHP2 (sc-7384), MCL-1 (sc-819) from Santa Cruz Biotechnology; p-EGFR (1068) (3777), p-ErbB2 (1248) (2247), ErbB3 (4754), p-ErbB3 (1289) (4791), p-ErbB3 (1328) (14525), p-ErbB4 (1284) (4757), p-Akt (308) (4056), p-Akt (473) (4060), p-Erk (202/204) (4370), p-P70S6K (389) (9205), p-4EBP1 (37/46) (2855), BIM (2933), BCL-xL (2764), p-P90RSK (380) (9341), p-S6 (235/6) (4858), p-S6 (240/4) (5364), c-Myc (5605), p-SHP2 (542) (3751), GAB1 (3232), p-GAB1 (627) (3233), p-GAB1 (659) (12745), β-ACTIN (4970), from Cell Signaling Technology. Secondary antibodies used were mouse IgG (GE Healthcare Life Sciences; NXA931) and rabbit IgG (GE Healthcare Life Sciences; NA934). Alpelisib and trametinib were purchased from AbMole Biosciences. RMC-4550 was purchased from Selleckchem. The SHP2 inhibitor (SHP099) for cell culture and in vivo experiments was purchased from MedchemExpress and AbMole Biosciences and was dissolved in DMSO at a stock concentration of 10 mmol/L for in vitro experiments. Human recombinant growth factors epiregulin (EREG) was purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (SRP3033) and neuregulin-1 (5898-NR) was purchased from R&D Systems.
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8

Western Blot Analysis of Protein Expression

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Western blot analysis was performed as previously described.55 (link) Briefly, whole-cell lysate was prepared in the lysis buffer (RIPA), protein was quantified and equal amount (20–60 ug) of total protein was resolved by 10% SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and/or 2% horizontal SDS agarose (for mucin) electrophoresis. Proteins were transferred to polyvinylidene difluoride membrane and incubated overnight with the primary antibody after blocking with 5% skim milk. Next day, blot was washed three times with PBST (0.1% Tween 20; (phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) with Tween 20)) and incubated with horseraddish peroxidase-conjugated secondary antibody for 1 h at room temperature. The proteins were visualized by enhanced chemiluminescent substrate (Thermo Scientific, Rockford, IL, USA). The primary antibodies used were NCOA3 (sc25742, Santa Cruz Biotechnologies, Dallas, TX, USA) PGK (sc-17943, Santa Cruz Biotechnologies), PARP (sc8007, Santa Cruz Biotechnologies), MUC4 (8G7, developed in our laboratory previously), EGFR (sc-03, Santa Cruz Biotechnologies) p-EGFR (S1046, sc-101665, Santa Cruz Biotechnologies), p-EGFR (Y1068, 3777, Cell Signaling Technologies, Danvers, MA, USA), Her-2 (2165, Cell Signaling Technology) and MUC1 (HMFG2, kindly gifted by Dr Hollingsworth).
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9

Signaling Pathways Analysis in Cell Lines

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JWH-015 and SR144528 were purchased from Tocris Bioscience. Antibodies used were P-AKT, E-cadherin (Cell Signaling), P-ERK, ERK, AKT, GAPDH, P-EGFR, EGFR, VCAM-1, STAT3 (Santa Cruz), N-cadherin, P-FAK (Abcam), P-STAT3 (BD Biosciences).
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10

Colorectal Cancer Cell Lines and Drug Assays

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Rhein was purchased from TagerMol (Shanghai, China) and its purity is 98.7%. DMSO was used as a solvent to dissolve all drugs. Human colon cancer cell lines (HCT116, SW620, RKO and DLD-1) were obtained from cell resources center of the Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences (Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China). HCT116 and RKO cells were grown in McCoy’s 5A medium (Gibco/BRL; Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, MA, USA) supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS) (Gibco; Life Technologies, Carlsbad, California, USA) and 1% of antibiotic solution (100 units/mL penicillin and 100 μg/mL streptomycin) in a humidified atmosphere of 5% CO2 at 37°C. SW620 and DLD-1 cells were cultured in Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle’s Medium (DMEM; Thermo Fisher Scientific; Suzhou, China) with 10% FBS (Gibco; Life Technologies, Carlsbad, California, USA), 1% of antibiotic solution and incubated at 37°C with 5% CO2. The antibodies against P-STAT3, STAT3, P-EGFR, EGFR, CDC2, CyclinB1, CyclinD1, BCL-2, BAX, GAPDH, horseradish peroxidase (HRP)-conjugated donkey anti-rabbit IgG and HRP-conjugated goat anti-mouse IgG were purchased from Santa Cruz Biotechnology Inc. (Dallas, TX, USA).
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