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Ethanol absolute for analysis

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Ethanol absolute for analysis is a high-purity alcohol solvent used in various laboratory applications. It serves as a general-purpose reagent for analytical procedures, sample preparation, and extraction processes. The product maintains a consistent concentration and purity to meet the requirements of analytical and research environments.

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Lab products found in correlation

Synergy system, by Merck Group (3 mentions) 2 propanol, by Merck Group (3 mentions) Absolute tetrahydrofuran thf, by Biosolve (2 mentions) Levasil 50 50, by AkzoNobel (2 mentions) 3 aminopropyltriethoxysilane aptes, by Merck Group (2 mentions) Vm100, by Arkema (2 mentions) Tetraethyl orthosilicate, by Merck Group (2 mentions) 3 aminopropyltriethoxysilane, by Merck Group (2 mentions) Chitosan, by Merck Group (2 mentions) Ammonium hydroxide solution, by Merck Group (2 mentions) Tryptone, by Merck Group (1 mentions) Bovine serum albumin (bsa), by Merck Group (1 mentions) Yeast extract, by Merck Group (1 mentions) Glutaraldehyde 25 aqueous solution, by Merck Group (1 mentions) Ammonium hydroxide, by Merck Group (1 mentions) N hexane, by Merck Group (1 mentions) Octocrylene, by Merck Group (1 mentions) Dmem high glucose, by Merck Group (1 mentions) Tween 60, by BASF (1 mentions) Lanette o, by BASF (1 mentions)

Close spelling variants of this product

Absolute ethanol Ethanol

10 protocols using ethanol absolute for analysis

1

Silica-Based Nanocomposite Synthesis

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Tetraethyl
orthosilicate (TEOS, ≥99.0%)
and 2-propanol (99.5%) were purchased from Aldrich (Milwaukee, WI).
(3-Aminopropyl)triethoxysilane (APTES, 99%), hydrocholoric acid (37%),
and poly(dimethylsiloxane) monoglycidyl ether terminated (PDMS-G, Mw = 1000 g mol–1) were purchased
from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO). Calcium chloride (CaCl2) was purchased from Aldrich Chemical Co. Ltd. (Gillingham, England).
PMMA was a gift from Arkema (VM100, i.e., a PMMA-co-EA polymer) (La Garenne-Colombes, France). Absolute tetrahydrofuran
(THF) were purchased from Biosolve (Valkenswaard, The Netherlands).
Ethanol absolute for analysis was purchased from Merck (Darmstadt,
Germany). Milli-Q water was produced by a Millipore Synergy system
(Billerica, MA). Nanoparticles with diameters of ∼12 nm (B220),
∼20 nm (B130), and ∼60 nm (Levasil 50/50) were purchased
from AkzoNobel (Bohus, Sweden). These particles were dispersed in
aqueous solution and have surface exposed hydroxyl groups on the surface
as received. Unless otherwise mentioned, all other chemicals were
used as received.
Liu S., Pandey A., Duvigneau J., Vancso J, & Snoeijer J.H. (2018). Size-Dependent Submerging of Nanoparticles in Polymer Melts: Effect of Line Tension. Macromolecules, 51(7), 2411-2417.
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2

Virucidal Efficacy of Disinfectants in Soil Loads

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Ethanol, absolute for analysis (Merck Millipore, Grogg Chemie AG, Stettlen, Switzerland) was diluted to 87.5% v/v, 35% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl, Honeywell Fluka, Fischer Scientific, Reinach Switzerland) was diluted to 0.625% v/v, and 40% peracetic acid (PAA, Sigma Aldrich, Buchs, Switzerland) was diluted to 0.25% v/v in 800 µl WSH. Virucidal activity of these decontamination solutions was assessed in two different biological soil types. Tripartite soil, intended as a substitute for mucosal secretions, containing 100 µl 5% bovine serum albumin (BSA), 400 µl 0.4% mucin, and 140 µl 5% tryptone (all sourced from Sigma Aldrich, Buchs, Switzerland) representing a medium soil load as previously described13 (link)–15 (link). For a heavier soil load, whole blood was drawn with informed consent from a healthy 24-year-old donor never exposed to Ebola virus using BD Vacutainer K2E (EDTA) Plus Blood Collection Tubes (BD Switzerland Sàrl, Eysins, Switzerland) and used within 72 h. 1 ml concentrated Ebola virus was added to 640 µl of each soil load.
Jonsdottir H.R., Zysset D., Lenz N., Siegrist D., Ruedin Y., Ryter S., Züst R., Geissmann Y., Ackermann-Gäumann R., Engler O.B, & Weber B. (2023). Virucidal activity of three standard chemical disinfectants against Ebola virus suspended in tripartite soil and whole blood. Scientific Reports, 13, 15718.
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3

Bacillus subtilis Lipase Immobilization

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FeCl3·6H2O, FeSO4·4H2O. 3–aminopropyltriethoxysilane, ammonium hydroxide, yeast extract, glutaraldehyde 25% aqueous solution, sodium cacodylate Buffer (pH 6.5), peptone from soy meal, ethanol absolute for analysis, 2-propanol and n-hexane were purchased from Merck (Roger, AR, USA). Lipase enzyme was obtained from Novozymes (Bagsvaerd, Denmark). Pure MK–7 standard (97.6%) was purchased from ChramoDex (Boulder, CO, USA) for calibration and HPLC analysis. Bacillus subtilis (ATCC 6633) was obtained from the New Zealand reference culture collection (Upper Hutt, New Zealand).
Ranmadugala D., Ebrahiminezhad A., Manley-Harris M., Ghasemi Y, & Berenjian A. (2017). Impact of 3–Aminopropyltriethoxysilane-Coated Iron Oxide Nanoparticles on Menaquinone-7 Production Using B. subtilis. Nanomaterials, 7(11), 350.
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4

Usnic Acid Formulation and Evaluation

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Octocrylene was purchased from Sigma-Aldrich, and ethanol absolute for analysis was obtained from Merck. Tween® 60, Lanette® O, Cetiol® CC, Captex® 335 and Cosmedia® Guar were purchased from BASF. Tegosoft® TN was obtained from Evonik Industries, whereas paraffinum liquidum and glycerol were provided by Chempur (Piekary Śląskie, Poland). The concentrated PRISMA HTTM solution, hydration solution, and skin-PAMPA plates were obtained from Pion Inc. (Billerica, MA, USA). Cell culture media (high-glucose DMEM, melanocyte growth medium, fetal bovine serum, trypsin–EDTA solution, and penicillin–streptomycin solution), Triton X100, and DMSO were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (Seelze, Germany). Human epidermal melanocytes (HEM) and dermal fibroblasts (HDF) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich, while HaCaT human skin keratinocytes were kindly provided by Prof. Marta Michalik from the Department of Cell Biology, Jagiellonian University in Kraków, Poland. Both (+)- and (−)-usnic acid were isolated, from Cladonia arbuscula and C. uncialis, respectively, as described previously [4 (link)]. Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) assay kits were obtained from Clontech (Mountain View, CA, USA).
Galanty A., Popiół J., Paczkowska-Walendowska M., Studzińska-Sroka E., Paśko P., Cielecka-Piontek J., Pękala E, & Podolak I. (2021). (+)-Usnic Acid as a Promising Candidate for a Safe and Stable Topical Photoprotective Agent. Molecules, 26(17), 5224.
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5

Antioxidant Capacity and Phenolic Content Determination

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Gallic acid (3,4,5-trihydrobenzoic acid) anhydrous for synthesis was purchased from Merck (Darmstadt, Germany). Ethanol absolute for analysis, acetate buffer (CH3COONa·3H2O), Folin-Ciocalteu phenol reagent, sodium chloride (NaCl), sodium hydroxide (NaOH), sodium carbonate (Na2CO3), potassium iodide (KI) and iodine (I2) were purchased from Merck. Starch (from rice) was purchased from BIOTREK S.A.C.I. (Athens, Greece). 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and acetic acid (CH3COOH) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (Darmstadt, Germany). Potassium chloride (0.1 M, 1413 μS/cm) used for the calibration of conductivity meter was purchased from Hanna (HI 7031, Hanna Instruments, Inc., Woonsocket, RI, USA).
Karabagias I.K., Maia M., Karabagias V.K., Gatzias I, & Badeka A.V. (2018). Characterization of Eucalyptus, Chestnut and Heather Honeys from Portugal Using Multi-Parameter Analysis and Chemo-Calculus. Foods, 7(12), 194.
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6

Chitosan-Based Nanoparticle Formulation

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Low-molecular-weight chitosan (molecular weight: 20 000–50 000 Da, degree of deacetylation ≥ 90%; Zhejiang Aoxing Biotechnology Co. Ltd., China) and high-molecular-weight chitosan (molecular weight: 310 000–375 000 Da, degree of deacetylation ≥ 75.0%; Sigma-Aldrich, Ireland) were used as the matrix material of nanoparticles with glacial acetic acid as the solvent of chitosan (Merck, Germany). Tween 80 (Fisher Scientific, UK), span 80 (Merck, Germany) and ethanol absolute for analysis (Merck, Germany) were used as additives. Lithium acetate anhydrous (ACROS Organics™, USA), ninhydrin and hydrindantin (Sigma-Aldrich, USA) were used in quantification assay of chitosan. Lactose monohydrate (Sorbolac 400; Meggle, Germany) was used as the microparticulate carrier with polyethylene glycol 3000 (PEG3000; Merck, Germany) as the stabilizer.
Alhajj N., Zakaria Z., Naharudin I., Ahsan F., Li W, & Wong T.W. (2019). Critical physicochemical attributes of chitosan nanoparticles admixed lactose-PEG 3000 microparticles in pulmonary inhalation. Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 15(3), 374-384.
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7

Silica-based Polymer Nanocomposite Synthesis

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Tetraethyl
orthosilicate (TEOS) ≥
99.0% and 2-propanol 99.5% were purchased from Aldrich (Milwaukee,
WI). (3-Aminopropyl)-triethoxysilane (APTES) 99%, hydrochloric acid
37%, and ammonium hydroxide solution 28–30% were purchased
from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO). Monoglycidyl ether-terminated
poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS-G) (Mw =
1000 and 5000 g mol–1) was purchased from Gelest
(Morrisville, PA). N-(2-aminoethyl-3-aminopropyl)methyldimethoxysilane
(Dynasylan 1411) ≥ 99.0% was obtained from Evonik (Marl, Germany).
PMMA granules were acquired from Arkema (VM100, i.e., a PMMA-co-EA polymer, ρ = 1.18 g cm–3)
(La Garenne-Colombes, France). Nanoparticles with diameters of 12
nm (Bindzil 40/220), 20 nm (Bindzil 40/130), and 60 nm (Levasil 50/50)
were a gift from AkzoNobel (Bohus, Sweden). These particles were dispersed
in aqueous solution and have surface-exposed silanol groups on the
surface as received. Absolute tetrahydrofuran (THF) was purchased
from Biosolve (Valkenswaard, The Netherlands). Ethanol absolute for
analysis was obtained from Merck (Darmstadt, Germany). Milli-Q water
was produced by a Millipore Synergy system (Billerica, MA). Unless
otherwise mentioned, all other chemicals were used as received.
Liu S., Eijkelenkamp R., Duvigneau J, & Vancso G.J. (2017). Silica-Assisted Nucleation of Polymer Foam Cells with Nanoscopic Dimensions: Impact of Particle Size, Line Tension, and Surface Functionality. ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, 9(43), 37929-37940.
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8

Optimized RNA Extraction Protocol

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All stock reagents were purchased from commercial suppliers at appropriate stock concentrations, and only SDS and PVP40 were purchased as powders and were weighed and added directly to extraction buffers. The stock solutions UltraPure™ 1 m Tris/HCl (pH 7.5; Thermo Fisher Scientific), sodium chloride solution 5 m (Sigma‐Aldrich), UltraPure™ 0.5 m ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), (pH 8.0; Thermo Fisher Scientific), sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS; Sigma‐Aldrich), polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP40; Sigma‐Aldrich), 2‐mercaptoethanol (Sigma‐Aldrich), UltraPure™ DNase/RNase‐free distilled water (Thermo Fisher Scientific), acid‐phenol: chloroform (pH 4.5) with isoamyl alcohol at a final ratio of 25 : 24 : 1 (Thermo Fisher Scientific), chloroform/isoamyl alcohol mixture (Sigma‐Aldrich), lithium chloride (8 m; Sigma‐Aldrich), ethanol absolute for analysis (Merck), chloroform for analysis (Merck), and RNaseZap™ RNase decontamination wipes (Invitrogen) were of molecular biology grade and were free of RNAses, DNAses, and pyrogens. All plastic supplies for the preparation of extraction buffer and the tubes used for extraction were disposable and were free of RNAses, DNAses, and pyrogens. We avoided the use of reagents with acute toxicity, such as diethyl pyrocarbonate, which is frequently used to inactivate RNAses.
Behnam B., Bohorquez‐Chaux A., Castaneda‐Mendez O.F., Tsuji H., Ishitani M, & Becerra Lopez‐Lavalle L.A. (2019). An optimized isolation protocol yields high‐quality RNA from cassava tissues (Manihot esculenta Crantz). FEBS Open Bio, 9(4), 814-825.
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9

Synthesis and Characterization of Polymer Composites

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PMMA was purchased from Arkema (VM100, i.e., a PMMA-co-EA polymer,
ρ = 1.18 g cm–3) (La Garenne-Colombes, France).
Absolute ethanol for analysis was purchased from Merck (Darmstad,
Germany). Absolute tetrahydrofuran (THF), 2-propanol (99.8%), and
chloroform (99.9%) were purchased from Biosolve (Valkenswaard, The
Netherlands). Monoglycidyl ether-terminated poly(dimethylsilane) (PDMS-G)
(Mw = 1000 g mol–1),
ammonium hydroxide solution (28–30%), (3-aminopropyl)triethoxysilane
(APTES, ≥98%), sodium borohydride purum (NaBH4,
p.a., ≥96%, gas-volumetric), polyvinylpyrrolidone with a molar
mass of 40,000 g mol–1 (PVP40), and tetraethyl orthosilicate
(TEOS, ≥99.0%) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis,
MO, USA). Milli-Q water was produced by a Millipore Synergy system
(Billerica, MA, USA). Unless otherwise mentioned, all other chemicals
were used as received.
Liu S., Yin S., Duvigneau J, & Vancso G.J. (2020). Bubble Seeding Nanocavities: Multiple Polymer Foam Cell Nucleation by Polydimethylsiloxane-Grafted Designer Silica Nanoparticles. ACS Nano, 14(2), 1623-1634.
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10

Characterization of Thermally and Fungally Treated Spruce Wood

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The untreated (control, reference), thermally treated and thermally–fungally attacked spruce wood samples were mechanically disintegrated and milled to a particle size of 200–300 μm, using a POLYMIX PX-MFC 90D laboratory mill (Kinematica, Luzern, Switzerland), and wood particles were dried (4 h at 105 ± 2 °C).
According to ASTM D1107-21 [35 ], the extractives content in wood particles was determined in a Soxhlet apparatus with a mixture of absolute ethanol for analysis (Merck, Darmstadt, Germany) and toluene for analysis (Merck, Darmstadt, Germany) (1.0/0.427 v/v). The extraction lasted 8 h with six siphoning’s per hour.
Determination of the contents of structural carbohydrates (arabinose, galactose, mannose, xylose, glucose) and lignin in wood particles was carried out using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) according to the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) analytical procedure [36 ].
Each sample was chemically analyzed in duplicate, and the results are presented as oven-dried wood percentages.
Vidholdová Z., Kačík F., Reinprecht L., Kučerová V, & Luptáková J. (2022). Changes in Chemical Structure of Thermally Modified Spruce Wood Due to Decaying Fungi. Journal of Fungi, 8(7), 739.
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