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28 protocols using signa excite scanner

1

Resting-state fMRI Acquisition in a 1.5T Scanner

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MRI data were acquired on a 1.5 T GE Signa Excite scanner (GE Medical Systems, Milwaukee, WI, USA) using a standard GE whole-head coil. Each subject laid supine, with the head in a neutral position and fixed comfortably by a belt and foam pads during the test. High-resolution T1-weighted anatomical datasets were obtained parallel to the AC–PC plane and covering the whole brain using three-dimensional spoiled-gradient recall (SPGR) sequence (repetition time [TR]/echo time [TE]/inversion time [TI] =10.68 ms/4.87 ms/380 ms, flip angle =15°, field of view =256 mm, 140 axial slices, voxel size 1×1×1 mm3). Resting-state functional datasets were recorded using a T2*-weighted gradient echo spiral pulse sequence (30 axial slices, thickness/gap =5.0/1 mm, in-plane resolution =64×64, TR =2,000 ms, TE =40 ms, flip angle =90°, field of view (FOV) =240 mm ×240 mm). The scan time for the rsfMRI session for each participant was approximately 7 minutes.
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2

Localization of Intracranial Electrodes

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To localize electrodes relative to the pre-implant MRIs, all participants received 1 mm axial CT (Siemens Somatom Definition) and 1.5T T1 MRI (GE Signa Excite Scanner) scans within 24–48 hours following electrode implantation. Electrode locations were manually identified on the CT scan using BioImage Suite (Version 3, http://www.bioimagesuite.org)(Papademetris et al., 2006 (link)). These locations were then mapped to the pre-implant MRI via a six degree of freedom affine (i.e., rigid) transformation derived from co-registering the pre-implant MRI and post-implant CT scans to the post-implant MRI scan. All co-registration was done using FSL’s FLIRT (Jenkinson and Smith, 2001 (link)). The reconstructed pial surface was computed from the pre-implant MRI using FreeSurfer (http://surfer.nmr.mgh.harvard.edu/) and the electrode coordinates projected to the pial surface to correct for possible brain shift caused by electrode implantation and surgery (Dykstra et al., 2012 (link)). This pial surface projection method has been shown to produce results that closely correspond with intraoperative photographs with a median disagreement of ~3 mm (Dykstra et al., 2012 (link)).
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3

Cardiac MRI Assessment of LV Thickness

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Patients were examined with a 3T GE Signa Excite scanner (Milwaukee, WI, USA). A phased-array cardiac coil with eight elements was used. All images were obtained during breath-hold with ECG-triggering. For evaluation of regional wall thickness during the heart cycle, CINE views of the left ventricle were taken. Vertical long-axis view and four-chamber view were obtained, as well as consecutive breath-hold short-axis views of the entire left ventricle. The parameters of the SSFP sequence were as follows: field of view (FOV) 330 × 330 mm; slice thickness 8 mm; matrix size: 192 × 192; flip angle 45°. In order to detect LGE of the LV myocardium, gadobutrol (Gadovist 1 mmol/mL; Bayer Schering Pharma, Leverkusen, Germany) was administered intravenously at a concentration of 0.2 mmol/kg. Twenty minutes later, images positioned correspondingly to that of the CINE views were acquired. The parameters of the 2D fast inversion-recovery gradient echo sequence were as follows: FOV 350 × 350 mm; slice thickness 8 mm; matrix size 256 × 128; flip angle 20°. The time of inversion (TI) was optimized for each examination, but commonly 250 milliseconds was used.
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4

3T MRI Brain Imaging Protocol

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Images were acquired on a General Electric 3-Tesla Signa EXCITE scanner equipped with an eight-channel head coil. High-resolution T1-weighted whole-brain images using 3D-FSPGR were acquired axially with repetition time (TR) = 7.848 ms, echo time (TE) = 2.984 ms, flip angle = 12°, Inversion Time (TI) = 400 ms, field of view (FOV) = 256×256 mm, 1-mm axial slice thickness, 166 slices, 1-mm3 voxel size, 1 excitation.
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5

High-Resolution Brain Imaging Protocol

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Images were acquired on a General Electric 3-Tesla Signa EXCITE scanner equipped with an 8-channel headcoil. High-resolution T1-weighted whole-brain images with 1-mm isotropic voxels using array spatial sensitivity encoding technique (ASSET) and fast spoiled gradient-recall (3D-FSPGR) were acquired axially for all participants. Image parameters were optimized for contrast between white matter, gray matter, and CSF (TR/TE/flip angle = 7.484 ms/2.984 ms/12°, FOV = 256 mm, 1-mm slice thickness, 166 slices, 256 × 256 matrix, 1 excitation).
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6

Cardiac MRI Contrast Imaging Protocol

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PA1 and HS were examined with a 3T GE Signa Excite Scanner (Milwaukee, WI, USA). A phased-array cardiac coil with eight elements was used. All images were obtained during breath-hold with electrocardiography (ECG) triggering. For evaluation of LV mass and LV volumes, short-axis CINE views were obtained, using a Fiesta sequence. A pre-contrast mid-ventricular short-axis view and a 4-chamber view were then performed before a gadolinium-based contrast agent (Gadovist 1 mmol/mL, Bayer Pharma AG) 0.2 mL/kg body weight was administered as an intravenous bolus injection. An inversion recovery gradient echo sequence was applied. Contrast images in the same views as pre-contrast were then acquired at seven consecutive time points (2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12 and 14 min) post-contrast.
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7

Quantifying White Matter Hyperintensities

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In each patient, brain MRI was performed with a 3-T Signa Excite scanner (GE Healthcare, Milwaukee, WI, USA), with an eight-channel high-resolution brain coil. We obtained an anatomic image series using a three-dimensional spoiled gradient-echo sequence. Fast spin echo T2-weighted images were acquired under the following conditions: repetition time, 4000 ms; echo time, 110 ms; field of view, 210 mm; matrix, 512 × 320; slice thickness, 5 mm; and space thickness, 2 mm. The WMH volume was calculated using SPM12 (Wellcome Department of Imaging Neuroscience, Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK) unified segmentation routines on T1 MR images, as previously described [34 (link)]. Binary white matter masks were created from white matter segmentation maps, and WMH was segmented semiautomatically. The segmentations (blinded for clinical data) were visually checked for artifacts and segmentation errors. WMH volumes were calculated in milliliters and were normalized to the intracranial volume.
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8

Resting-State fMRI Acquisition Protocol

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Resting‐state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data were acquired using a 3T GE Signa EXCITE scanner (GE Healthcare, Milwaukee, WI, USA) with a gradient‐recalled echo planar imaging (GRE‐EPI) sequence as follows: TR = 2000 ms, TE = 30 ms, matrix = 64 × 64, FOV = 24 × 24 cm2, flip angle = 80º, 23 slices, and 5 mm slice thickness. The whole scan lasted approximately 6.2 min (185 time points). During the scans, the participants were asked to lie still in the scanner, close their eyes, and not to engage in any particular mental activity. After the scans, the experimenter confirmed with each subject that they did not fall asleep during the scan.
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9

Preoperative MRI Imaging Protocols

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Patients underwent preoperative imaging with one of two MRI scanners from which T2 and volumetric T1 images were obtained: 1.5T General Electric Signa Excite scanner; 3T General Electric Signa scanner.
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10

Multimodal brain imaging protocol

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Event-related MEG data were recorded by a whole-head 306-channel neuromagnetometer (Vectorview 306, Elekta Neuromag, Finland) with a sampling rate of 1000 Hz and a 0.03~330 Hz bandpass filter. Trials containing deflections exceeding 9000 fT/cm or contaminated by eye movements were excluded for the source analysis. The signal space projection method [24 (link)] was applied to remove urban and device interference in the recorded MEG data. The T1-weighted MRI (magnetic resonance images) of each individual was acquired by a 1.5 T GE Signa Excite scanner using an 8-channel phased-array head coil with 3D fast spoiled gradient recalled echo (3D FSPGR, TR = 8.67 ms, TE = 1.86 ms, inversion time = 400 ms, matrix size = 256 × 256 × 124, and voxel size = 1.02 × 1.02 × 1.5 mm3). To facilitate precise coregistration of the MEG data and structural MRI, three anatomical landmarks (nasion and left and right preauriculars) were localized with Isotrak 3D digitizer (Polhemus Navigation Sciences, Colchester, Vermont, USA).
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