Filtek z350

Manufactured by 3M

Sourced in United States

Filtek Z350 is a light-cured, radiopaque, resin-based composite material designed for direct anterior and posterior restorations. It is formulated to provide enhanced esthetics and physical properties.

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30 protocols using filtek z350

Dental Adhesive Bonding Effectiveness

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Forty-eight freshly extracted human molar teeth, non-carious and without having cracks were collected.
All teeth were sectioned at various levels using a carborundum disc:

Superficial dentin: Dentin within 0.5-1 mm of dentin-enamel junction

Intermediate dentin: Dentin 0.5-1 mm deeper to superficial dentin

Deep dentin: Dentin within 0.5 mm of the pulp chamber

The specimens were grouped randomly into two experimental groups having three sub groups consisting of four teeth each and two control groups having three subgroups consisting of four teeth each. The occlusal surfaces of teeth were ground on a water-cooled trimming wheel to prepare flat dentin surfaces (Figure 1).
Dentin bonding agents:

Clearfil Liner Bond 2V (Kuraray) – light and self cure dental adhesive (Figure 2)
Figure 2

Clearfil Liner Bond 2V.

Xeno III (Dentsply) – Self etching primer (Figure 3)
Figure 3

Xeno III.

All Bond 2 (Bisco) – Dual cured universal dental adhesive (Figure 4)
Figure 4

All Bond 2.

Filtek Z350 (3M) – Nanotechnology light cure composite (Figure 5)
Figure 5

Filtek Z350 Composite.

Spectrum 800 (Dentsply) – Light curing device (Figure 6)
Figure 6

Spectrum 800 Light Cure Unit.

Each group was subdivided into three subgroups of 4 teeth each:

Singh K., Naik R., Hegde S, & Damda A. (2015). Shear Bond Strength of Superficial, Intermediate and Deep Dentin In Vitro with Recent Generation Self-etching Primers and Single Nano Composite Resin. Journal of International Oral Health : JIOH, 7(Suppl 1), 28-32.

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Proximal Wall Restoration with Total-Etch Adhesive

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Total-etch adhesives were applied on the prepared proximal walls without any kind of dentin pretreatment. The cavities of the specimens were thoroughly applied with Prime and bond NT twice using fresh applicator tip for 20 s. It was made sure that all the cavity surfaces were completely wet. Prepared surfaces were light cured for 40 s. Then, composite resin (Filtek Z 350, 3M ESPE) layer was placed in two different increments of 2 mm thickness each. Composite was placed using a matrix prepared in the form of tube with 3 mm diameter, and both the increments were light cured for 40 s.

Marya P, & Handa M. (2022). Effect of proanthocyanidin and riboflavin on shear bond strength of a nanocomposite to deep dentin – An in vitro Study. Journal of Conservative Dentistry : JCD, 24(5), 480-484.

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Bonding Protocols for Composite Resins

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A 2-steps total-etch bonding system was used (Adper Single Bond 2, 3M ESPE, St. Paul, MN, USA) for adhesive procedures. Thirty-seven percent (37%) phosphoric acidic (Dentsply, Petropolis, RJ, Brazil) was applied on the flat enamel surface for 30 seconds; next, samples were washed for additional 30 seconds and air-dried for 5 seconds. The bonding agent was applied with the aid of a brush; light-curing was carried out by using a LED curing unit (Radii-cal, SDI, Baywater, VIC, Australia) at a light intensity of 1,200 mW/cm². Subsequently, 3 Tygon matrices (TYG-030, Saint-Gobain Performance Plastic, Maime Lakes, FL, USA)—0.75-mm diameter and 1-mm height—were positioned on each sample using a clinical clamp. Composite resin (Filtek Z350, 3M ESPE) was applied to the matrix in a single increment with the aid of a calcium hydroxide applicator and light-cured for 40 seconds (Radii-cal, SDI) to produce resin composite cylinders. The samples were stored at 37 °C for 24 hours until bond strength measurements.

Favaro J.C., de Mello Peixoto Y.C., Geha O., Dias F.A., Guiraldo R.D., Lopes M.B, & Berger S.B. (2021). Can silver diamine fluoride or silver nanoparticle-based anticaries agents to affect enamel bond strength?. Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics, 46(1), e7.

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Dentin Bond Strength Evaluation

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Fifteen samples from each group were built up using three layers of a posterior resin-based composite (Filtek Z350, 3M) to a height of approximately 5 mm using total etch adhesive system (single bond, 3M). Specimens were then stored in water at 37°C for 24 hours. The teeth were then individually fixed to a sectioning block using acrylic resin. Using hard tissue microtome 1 mm thick sections containing bonded caries-affected dentin specimens were obtained from each tooth depending on the size of caries lesion. The slices were then trimmed and shaped to form a gentle curve along the adhesive interface from both sides using superfine diamond burs to obtain a rectangular cross-sectional shape with the surface area of approximately 1 mm². The beams were then attached to a custom-made jig and were attached to the Instron universal testing machine. A tensile load was applied at a cross-head speed of 0.5 mm/min until the beam fractured, and the load at which the fracture occurred was recorded.

Nair S., R Nadig R., S Pai V, & Gowda Y. (2018). Effect of a Papain-based Chemomechanical Agent on Structure of Dentin and Bond Strength: An in vitro Study. International Journal of Clinical Pediatric Dentistry, 11(3), 161-166.

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Dental Composite Material Characterization

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The commercial dental composite used was Filtek Z350 universal restorative material (3M, ESPE, St. Paul, MN, USA). This composite is composed of a zirconia/ silica cluster filler having an average cluster particle size of 0.6-1.4 μm and a primary particle size of 5-20 nm, and agglomerated/nonaggregated 20 nm silica filler. The inorganic particles constituted about 78.5 wt% and 59.5 vol% of the composite; the rest of the composite was methacrylate resin, a dental adhesive included to permanently bond the restoration to the tooth structure.

Ahn K.H., Lim S., Kum K.Y, & Chang S.W. (2015). Effect of preheating on the viscoelastic properties of dental composite under different deformation conditions. Dental materials journal, 34(5).

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Ceramic Crown Luting Techniques

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After core build with Adper Single Bond 2 and Filtek Z350 composite resin (3M ESPE), all teeth received cervical preparation using a cylindrical diamond bur with a 1.2-mm chamfer. The teeth were molded with silicone, and using the individual models, 40 all-ceramic crowns were made using feldspathic porcelain (Noritake EX-3, Noritake, Kisai CO Limited, Nagoya, Japan). The crowns were then luted to the teeth. The crowns in the control group were luted with a glass ionomer.

Paixão F.C., Rodrigues V.P., George R., Souza S.D., Paiva A.E, & Pereira A.D. (2022). Compressive strength of premolars restored with ceramic crowns and supported with a glass fiber post using different luting agents. The Saudi Dental Journal, 34(7), 617-622.

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Torsional Fatigue Testing of Dental Files

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A static torsional fatigue testing device was custom fabricated for this study. It consisted of the main framework made of wood and iron to which a wooden block with a cubical hole of 5 mm³ volume in its center and support for the handpiece were being attached. Apical 5 mm of the files were rigidly held in place by filling the mold with composite resin Filtek Z350 (3M ESPE, St. Paul, MN, USA), and light cured. Uniform torsional stresses (300 rpm, 2.0 Ncm) were applied repetitively using an X-smart motor until the files succumbed to torsional failure. The number of loads applied till failure was calculated for each file.

Varghese N.O., Pillai R., Sujathen U.N., Sainudeen S., Antony A, & Paul S. (2016). Resistance to torsional failure and cyclic fatigue resistance of ProTaper Next, WaveOne, and Mtwo files in continuous and reciprocating motion: An in vitro study. Journal of Conservative Dentistry : JCD, 19(3), 225-230.

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Shear Bond Strength of Composite Resin

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An etch-and-rinse system (Adper Single Bond 2; 3M ESPE, St. Paul, USA) was applied to the treated dentin surfaces, according to the manufacturer's instructions. A light-emitting diode (LED) polymerizing unit (Bluelex GT-1200; MONITEX Industrial Co., Ltd., New Taipei City, Taiwan) with a wavelength of 470 nm and a light intensity of 1,200 mW/cm 2 was used for curing. Subsequently, a plastic mold with a height of 2 mm and an internal diameter of 3 mm was placed over the prepared dentin surface. A 2-mm thick increment of composite resin (Filtek™ Z350; 3M ESPE) was inserted into the mold and light cured for 40 s from the occlusal direction. The mold was removed and the specimens were stored in distilled water at 37°C for 24 h in an incubator (ES 252; NÜVE, Ankara, Turkey) before testing. The specimens were individually transferred to the universal testing machine (Z020; ZwickRoell, Ulm, Germany) and subjected to SBS analysis at a crosshead speed of 1 mm/min. The experimental design used in this study is presented in Fig. 1. Figure 2 shows a prepared specimen transferred to the universal testing machine.

Sharafeddin F., Jowkar Z, & Safari M. (2024). Effects of different concentrations of bromelain and papain enzymes on shear bond strength of composite resin to deep dentin using an etch-and-rinse adhesive system. Dental and medical problems, 61(1).

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Microtensile Bonding Strength of Composite

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Conventional acid etching technique following the manufacturer's instructions was used. Briefly, the labial surface of all specimens was etched using 37% orthophosphoric acid (Total Etch, Ivoclar Vivadent, Schaan) for 15 s followed by washing and air drying. The adhesive bonding agent (Prime and Bond NT, Dentsply, USA) was applied and cured for 20 s using a QTH lamp (Astralis, Ivoclar Vivadent, Schaan). An attachment was built (4 mm diameter) on etched enamel surface using a resin composite (Filtek Z350; 3M ESPE) and cured for 20 s. The prepared specimens were used to measure the microtensile bonding strength.

Rizvi A., Zafar M.S., Al-Wasifi Y., Fareed W, & Khurshid Z. (2016). Role of enamel deminerlization and remineralization on microtensile bond strength of resin composite. European Journal of Dentistry, 10(3), 376-380.

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Restoration Techniques for Class II Cavities

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The restoration process was performed using a Tofflemire Universal matrix band retainer following each manufacturer’s instructions: Group 1-Predicta® Bioactive Bulk-fill (Parkell, New York, USA); Group 2- EQUIA Forte® (GC Corporation, Tokyo, Japan); and Group 3- Filtek™ Z350 (3 M ESPE, Minnesota, USA). Because each tooth-model with a class II cavity was composed of acrylic resin, adhesion and conditioning steps were not performed.

Phyo W.M., Saket D., da Fonseca M.A., Auychai P, & Sriarj W. (2024). In vitro remineralization of adjacent interproximal enamel carious lesions in primary molars using a bioactive bulk-fill composite. BMC Oral Health, 24, 37.

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