The volume of the targeted pulmonary segment was calculated using the previously captured CT data and the Synapse Vincent volume analyzer (Fujifilm, Minato, Japan) (Figure 2 ). The ratio of the diluted ICG injection volume to the volume of the target lung area was calculated, and the results are presented as percentages in Table 1 .
Volume analyzer synapse vincent
Manufactured by Fujifilm
Sourced in Japan
The Volume Analyzer SYNAPSE VINCENT is a laboratory equipment designed for automated volume measurement. It provides accurate and precise volume data for a variety of samples.
Automatically generated - may contain errors
Lab products found in correlation
Aquilion one, by Toshiba (2 mentions)
Aquilion scanner, by Toshiba (1 mentions)
Revolution evo, by GE Healthcare (1 mentions)
Aquilion 64, by Toshiba (1 mentions)
Somatom plus4 volume zoom, by Siemens (1 mentions)
Aquilion one vision, by Toshiba (1 mentions)
Aquilion 4, by Toshiba (1 mentions)
Discovery ct750 hd, by GE Healthcare (1 mentions)
Somatom definition as, by Siemens (1 mentions)
17 protocols using volume analyzer synapse vincent
1
Pulmonary Segment Volume Measurement
2
Quantifying Body Composition Changes Using CT
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Body composition was assessed by analyzing the CT images obtained with the SYNAPSE VINCENT Volume Analyzer (Fujifilm Medical Co., Tokyo, Japan). This image analyzer software enabled easy and accurate reconstruction of three-dimensional images of the visceral/subcutaneous fat and psoas major muscle (Supplementary Figure S1 ).
The abdominal CT images were acquired preoperatively and at one and three years after surgery. CT images at five years after surgery were also analyzed if possible. We assessed the psoas muscle, subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT), and visceral adipose tissue (VAT) at the level of the third lumbar vertebra.17 (link) The psoas muscle was identified and quantified by a Hounsfield of −29 to 150, whereas the SAT and VAT were identified and quantified by a Hounsfield unit threshold of −190 to −30 and − 150 to −50, respectively.18 (link) Psoas muscle was evaluated by the psoas muscle index (PMI), which has been used as a parameter for evaluating the skeletal muscle mass of the whole body.19 (link) The PMI was calculated as follows:
L3 PMI (cm2/m2) = L3 psoas muscle cross-sectional area (cm2)/height2 (link) (m2).
The abdominal CT images were acquired preoperatively and at one and three years after surgery. CT images at five years after surgery were also analyzed if possible. We assessed the psoas muscle, subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT), and visceral adipose tissue (VAT) at the level of the third lumbar vertebra.17 (link) The psoas muscle was identified and quantified by a Hounsfield of −29 to 150, whereas the SAT and VAT were identified and quantified by a Hounsfield unit threshold of −190 to −30 and − 150 to −50, respectively.18 (link) Psoas muscle was evaluated by the psoas muscle index (PMI), which has been used as a parameter for evaluating the skeletal muscle mass of the whole body.19 (link) The PMI was calculated as follows:
L3 PMI (cm2/m2) = L3 psoas muscle cross-sectional area (cm2)/height2 (link) (m2).
3
Quantifying Autologous Fat Injection in Neck CT Imaging
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CT images of the neck were obtained from 1.0‐ or 2.0‐mm slices (64‐row multidetector Aquilion scanner; Toshiba, Tokyo, Japan) after the fat injection therapy. All thin‐section images were transferred to a Synapse Vincent volume analyzer (Fujifilm Medical Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan) to measure the injected autologous fat volume. In each patient, the borders of the injected fat were traced manually on a screen using a mouse‐controlled cursor on an axial image. The software then generated a 3‐dimensional (3D) model and calculated the injected fat volume directly (Fig. 1 ). To verify whether the injected fat calculated from the CT images reflects the actual residual fat tissue, the radiodensity of the injected fat calculated from CT images was measured in Hounsfield units (HU). The scale is a quantitative measure of radiodensity that ranges from −1,000 for air to +1,000 for bone. The mean HU, range, and standard deviation (SD) were calculated for all CT images. All measurements were performed twice by two head and neck surgeons independently, and the mean values were used for analysis.
4
Quantifying Lung Emphysema via CT Imaging
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Emphysema was evaluated using CT with a 5.0-mm slice taken a month before esophagectomy. A Synapse Vincent volume analyzer (Fujifilm Medical, Tokyo, Japan) was used to measure the LAA%. The software automatically quantified LAA% in bilateral lung areas using threshold values of less than − 950 Hounsfield units (HU) to distinguish emphysema from other tissues.[21 (link)] We calculated the LAA% by subtracting the associated emphysema volume from the total lung volume and applying the lower threshold value of − 950 HU to the percentage of the whole lung.
5
Measuring Skeletal Muscle Sarcopenia
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The total cross-sectional skeletal muscle area (SMA) at the third lumbar vertebra on preoperative CT images (Hounsfield units of − 30 to 150 for the muscle compartment) was measured using the Synapse Vincent volume analyzer (Fujifilm Medical, Tokyo, Japan) (electronic supplementary Fig. 1a). Then, for normalization, the SMA was divided by body surface area (BSA) to yield the SMA/BSA index (cm2/m2). Sarcopenia was defined as an SMA/BSA value less than the sex-specific lowest quartile of SMA/BSA; the cut-off values for males and females were 69.7 and 54.2 cm2/m2, respectively (electronic supplementary Fig. 1b).
6
Skeletal Muscle Mass Quantification
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Skeletal muscle mass was calculated by normalization with a CT scan (Revolution EVO; GE Healthcare, Madison, WI, USA) at the level of the 12th thoracic vertebra (Th12). In this study, the cross-sectional area of total skeletal muscle and erector spinae muscle (ESM) at the Th12 level were selected [23 (link)]. This analysis was performed using a SYNAPSE VINCENT volume analyzer (FUJIFILM Medical, Tokyo, Japan). The cross-sectional muscle area was normalized by the squared height and represented as SMI.
7
Quantitative Analysis of Airway Morphology Using U-HRCT
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As shown in Figure 1, the airway length between two branching points, lumen and wall size of the segmental (3 rd -generation), sub-segmental (4 th -generation), and sub-subsegmental (5 th -generation) airways of the right apical, middle lateral, and lower posterior paths (RB1, RB4, and RB10) were measured on U-HRCT images using custom-made software, as previously reported 28 . Briefly, the centerline of the lumen was established 3dimensionally, and cross-sectional images perpendicular to the centerline were generated for the middle two-thirds of each airway segment. The edges of the airway wall were automatically determined on all the cross-sectional images based on the fullwidth at half-maximum principle 20, 28 , and the lumen area (LA), wall thickness (WT), and wall area (WA) were measured and averaged for each segment. The WA% was calculated using the following formula: 100*WA/(sum of LA and WA) 16, 18, 32 . The average length, LA, WT, WA and WA% from all identifiable segments of the RB1, RB4, and RB10 paths were used in the present analyses.
Lung volume on CT (CT-TLV) and the percentage ratio of voxels < -950 HU to total lung voxels, namely, the low attenuation volume percent (LAV%), were also measured on conventional 512×512 matrix images reconstructed by smooth kernel (FC13) using the SYNAPSE VINCENT volume analyzer (FUJIFILM, Tokyo, Japan) 18 .
Lung volume on CT (CT-TLV) and the percentage ratio of voxels < -950 HU to total lung voxels, namely, the low attenuation volume percent (LAV%), were also measured on conventional 512×512 matrix images reconstructed by smooth kernel (FC13) using the SYNAPSE VINCENT volume analyzer (FUJIFILM, Tokyo, Japan) 18 .
8
Quantifying Visceral Fat Area using CT
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The visceral fat area was evaluated using preoperative CT images created at the level of the umbilicus. A three‐dimensional image analysis system (Volume Analyzer SYNAPSE VINCENT; Fujifilm Medical, Tokyo, Japan) was used to measure pixels using a window width of −30 to 150 Hounsfield units to delineate the muscle and fat compartments and calculate the cross‐sectional area of each in square centimetres (Fig. 1a ).
9
Quantifying Abdominal Adipose Tissue
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Unenhanced CT images obtained during preoperative screening or examination of vascular structure were analyzed using the Volume Analyzer SYNAPSE VINCENT image analysis system (Fujifilm Medical, Tokyo, Japan) to quantify abdominal adipose tissue area and volume. The following measurements were obtained for analysis: VAT area at the level of L4–L5 (cm2); subcutaneous adipose tissue area at the level of L4–L5 (SAT; cm2); total abdominal visceral adipose tissue volume (TAVAT volume; cm3); and total abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue volume (TASAT volume; cm3). Representative images used for analyses of abdominal adipose tissue parameters are shown in Figure 2A–2C .
10
Multimodal Imaging for Liver Volumetry
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Three-phase dynamic CT scan was performed with a 320-row multidetector device (Aquilion ONE; Toshiba Medical Systems Co., Otawara, Japan). The obtained Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine (DICOM) data were imported to the 3D image analysis system (Volume Analyzer SYNAPSE VINCENT; Fuji Film Medical, Tokyo, Japan)[21 (link)]. Three-dimensional images were reconstructed from the DICOM data.
99mTc-GSA scintigraphy was performed separately from CT. Dynamic scanning was initially performed using a large-field view gamma camera (E.CAM; Siemens, Tokyo, Japan) in an anterior view, equipped with a low-energy high-resolution collimator, with the patient in a supine position after a bolus intravenous injection of 185 MBq of 99mTc-GSA. Dynamic planar images were obtained for 30 min by 147 serial frames (60 × 1 s, 87 × 20 s), with a matrix size of 128 × 128. Hepatic SPECT images were acquired after the dynamic study. The DICOM data obtained from SPECT were also imported to the SYNAPSE VINCENT and subsequently fused with the 3D CT images. Functional FLRV (FFLRV) was calculated using the following formula: FFLRV (mL) = [(total liver volume counts - resection volume counts)/total liver volume counts) × total liver volume] (mL).
99mTc-GSA scintigraphy was performed separately from CT. Dynamic scanning was initially performed using a large-field view gamma camera (E.CAM; Siemens, Tokyo, Japan) in an anterior view, equipped with a low-energy high-resolution collimator, with the patient in a supine position after a bolus intravenous injection of 185 MBq of 99mTc-GSA. Dynamic planar images were obtained for 30 min by 147 serial frames (60 × 1 s, 87 × 20 s), with a matrix size of 128 × 128. Hepatic SPECT images were acquired after the dynamic study. The DICOM data obtained from SPECT were also imported to the SYNAPSE VINCENT and subsequently fused with the 3D CT images. Functional FLRV (FFLRV) was calculated using the following formula: FFLRV (mL) = [(total liver volume counts - resection volume counts)/total liver volume counts) × total liver volume] (mL).
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