After being passed through a 0.15 mm sieve, the air-dried soil samples were used for physicochemical characterization. The total carbon (TC) and TN contents were assayed with a vario MACRO cube CN Elemental analyzer (Elementar Analysensysteme, Langenselbold Germany) (Wang et al., 2016 (link)). Soil extracts of NH4+-N and NO3−-N in 1 M KCl solution were measured by continuous flow analysis using a SEAL AutoAnalyzer 3 (SealAnalytical, Norderstedt, Germany). AP in soil was estimated by the Olsen method (Olsen & Cole, 1954 ), and was determined by ICP-OES. The standard method of McLean & Watson (1985) (link) was applied for analyzing the content of available potassium (AK). Soil pH and electrical conductivity (EC) were determined in 1:2.5 and 1:5 (w/w) soil:water suspensions, respectively.
Seal autoanalyzer 3
Manufactured by SEAL Analytical
Sourced in Germany, United Kingdom
The SEAL AutoAnalyzer 3 is a robotic analyzer designed for automated chemical analysis. It features multiple channels for simultaneous sample processing and is capable of performing a variety of analytical techniques, including colorimetric, fluorometric, and ion-selective methods.
Automatically generated - may contain errors
Lab products found in correlation
5 protocols using seal autoanalyzer 3
1
Soil Physicochemical Characterization Protocol
2
Soil Chemical Characteristics Analysis
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Soil pH was measured using a pH meter (FE20K, Mettler-Toledo, Switzerland) at a ratio of 2.5:1 (water:soil). SOC was quantified using an automatic analyzer (Shimadzu, Kyoto, Japan). Total phosphorus (TP) was determined via molybdenum-antimony colorimetry. AP was extracted using the hydrochloric acid–sulfuric acid method. Total potassium (TK) and AK were measured using the atomic absorption photometry method. SWC was determined by drying the samples at 105 °C until constant weight [62 (link)]. Total nitrogen (TN), NH4+-N and NO3−-N were measured using the SEAL AutoAnalyzer 3 (Seal Analytical, Hamburg, Germany).
3
Soil Moisture and Nitrogen Dynamics
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On gas sampling days, soil moisture was measured with a Theta probe (Delta-T Devices, Cambridge, UK) to a depth of 0.05 m at four locations both inside and outside the frames. Observed soil moisture was converted to water-filled pore space (WFPS). Soil temperature, as depicted in Fig. 1, was accessed from a nearby climate station (Funbo-Lo ¨vsta) and was not measured at the field site. In the second year, plots were sampled to 0.40 m depth and soil cores were subdivided into 0.05 m depth increments to 0.30 m, and one at 0.30-0.40 m for analysis of mineral N content by 2 m potassium chloride (KCl) extraction followed by colorometric determination on a segmented flow analyzer (SEAL AutoAnalyzer 3, Seal Analytical, UK). Composite soil samples were collected on three occasions from each plot, prior to fertilization, 39 days after fertilization and immediately following harvest.
4
Seawater Biogeochemical Profiling
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Seawater temperature (°C), salinity, and oxygen (milliliter liter−1) at the P1 and P3 sampling locations were obtained using a CTD (conductivity, temperature, depth) profiling sensor (Seabird 19; Sea-Bird Electronics, Bellevue, WA, USA). Salinity, oxygen, and ammonium (NH4+) were measured only for the 2017 samples. To determine nutrients, namely, nitrite, nitrate, phosphate, and silicic acid, triplicate prefiltered (0.7-μm GF/F glass fiber filter) seawater samples were collected in 15-ml polyethylene flasks at P1 (2-m depth) and P3 (2-m and 30-m depth) and stored at –20°C until further analysis. Nutrient concentrations were determined using standard colorimetric techniques with a segmented flow Seal AutoAnalyzer3 (SEAL Analytical GmbH, Norderstedt, Germany) at Universidad de Concepcion as described previously (24 (link)). NH4+ was measured as previously described (49 (link)). For each location and depth, Chla was determined in triplicate by filtering 1 liter of seawater through 0.7-μm GF/F glass fiber filters, which were frozen at –20°C until laboratory analyses by acetone extraction and fluorometric measurements (50 ).
5
Soil Moisture and Nitrogen Dynamics
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On gas sampling days, soil moisture was measured with a Theta probe (Delta-T Devices, Cambridge, UK) to a depth of 0.05 m at four locations both inside and outside the frames. Observed soil moisture was converted to water-filled pore space (WFPS). Soil temperature, as depicted in Fig. 1, was accessed from a nearby climate station (Funbo-Lo ¨vsta) and was not measured at the field site. In the second year, plots were sampled to 0.40 m depth and soil cores were subdivided into 0.05 m depth increments to 0.30 m, and one at 0.30-0.40 m for analysis of mineral N content by 2 m potassium chloride (KCl) extraction followed by colorometric determination on a segmented flow analyzer (SEAL AutoAnalyzer 3, Seal Analytical, UK). Composite soil samples were collected on three occasions from each plot, prior to fertilization, 39 days after fertilization and immediately following harvest.
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