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6 protocols using ezetimibe

1

Cholesterol and Sterol Quantification

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NBD-labeled cholesterol was obtained from Invitrogen (Carlsbad, CA, USA). N-Methyl-N-trimethylsilyl-trifluoracetamide, lathosterol, desmosterol, 25-HC, compactin, mevalonate, methyl-β-cyclodextrin, and water-soluble cholesterol were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). Ezetimibe was purchased from Selleck Chemicals (Houston, TX, USA). Lipoprotein-deficient serum was obtained from Merck Millipore (Billerica, MA, USA). Caffeine and catechin standards were purchased from the National Institute for the Control of Pharmaceutical and Biological Products (Beijing, China). Non-catechin flavonoid standards were obtained from Baoji Herbest Bio-Tech Co., Ltd (Beijing, China). The hawk tea leaves were purchased from Yuehua Tea Group Co., Ltd (Yaan, China). The green tea (Xihu Longjing) and black tea (Qimen black tea) leaves were purchased from Beijing Hanmojuxiang Trade Center (Beijing, China).
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2

Ezetimibe Cytotoxicity in PDX Cells

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Primary cell cultures were obtained from PDX. Ezetimibe was obtained from Selleckchem (ref. S1655). Tissues were split into several small pieces and processed in a biosafety chamber. Five thousand cells per well were plated in 96-well plates in serum-free defined media (SFDM) medium. The RNA profile of each cell culture showed a contamination in murine cells of less than 3%. Twenty-four hours later, the media were supplemented with increasing concentrations of Ezetimibe and incubated for an additional 72-hr period. Cell viability was estimated with the PrestoBlue (Invitrogen, Grand Island, NY) reagent. Each experiment was done in triplicate and repeated at least three times. Six increasing concentrations of Ezetimibe were used ranging from 0 µM to 100 µM.
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3

Cell Proliferation and Inhibition Assay

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For cell proliferation analysis, Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8; APExBIO, Houston, TX, USA) was used. Briefly, 10 000 cells were seeded in 96-well plates and ten microliters of CCK-8 assay solution were added to each well at the indicated times. After 2 h’s incubation, absorbance at 450 nm was measured. For growth inhibition analysis, cells were incubated with the indicated concentrations of ezetimibe (Selleck Chemicals, S1655) range from 0 to 40 μM for 48 h.
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4

Characterizing Cordyceps militaris Compound CM1

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CM1 was obtained from C. militaris as the previously described method (Fig. 1A and B) [17 (link)]. Ezetimibe was the product of Selleck (Shanghai, China). The murine 3T3-L1 cell line was bought from National Collection of Authenticated Cell Cultures (Shanghai, China). Dexamethasone, 3-isobutyl-1-methylanxthine, and insulin were the products of Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium (DMEM) and fetal bovine serum (FBS) were the products of Thermo Fisher Biochemical Products (Beijing) Co. Ltd. (Beijing, China). Assay kits for lipid analysis and lipoprotein lipase (LPL) activity were obtained from Biosino Bio-technology and Science Inc. (Beijing, China). Lipofectamine RNAiMAX was bought from Invitrogen (Lot: 2164333, CA, USA). Opti-MEM was obtained from Gibico (Grand Island, NY, USA). Hematoxylin and eosin working solutions were bought from Nanchang YULU Laboratory Equipment Co., Ltd. (Jiangxi, China).
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5

Ezetimibe Cytotoxicity in PDX Cells

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Primary cell cultures were obtained from PDX. Ezetimibe was obtained from Selleckchem (ref. S1655). Tissues were split into several small pieces and processed in a biosafety chamber. Five thousand cells per well were plated in 96-well plates in serum-free defined media (SFDM) medium. The RNA profile of each cell culture showed a contamination in murine cells of less than 3%. Twenty-four hours later, the media were supplemented with increasing concentrations of Ezetimibe and incubated for an additional 72-hr period. Cell viability was estimated with the PrestoBlue (Invitrogen, Grand Island, NY) reagent. Each experiment was done in triplicate and repeated at least three times. Six increasing concentrations of Ezetimibe were used ranging from 0 µM to 100 µM.
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6

Ezetimibe Modulates Cholesterol Metabolism

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Ezetimibe was the product of Selleck (Shanghai, China). High-fat diet (21% fat and 0.25% cholesterol) was provided by Beijing HFK Bioscience Co., Ltd. Complete protease inhibitor cocktail tablets were purchased from Roche (Schweiz, Germany). RIPA lysis buffer was a product of Solarbio (Beijing, China). rabbit polyclonal antibody against Liver X receptor (α) and LXRβ, and rabbit monoclonal antibody against scavenger receptor B type 1 (SR-B1) and LDLR were from Abcam (Cambridge, MA, USA). Mouse monoclonal antibody against peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARα), PPARβ and PPARγ, and cholesterol 7 alpha-hydroxylase A1 (CYP7A1), Niemann-Pick C1-like 1 (NPC1L1), sterol regulatory element-binding protein (SREBP)-1c and SREBP-2 were purchased from Santa Cruz Biotechnology (Santa Cruz, CA, USA). Mouse monoclonal antibody against β-actin and rabbit monoclonal antibody against proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9), and rabbit polyclonal antibody against ATP-biding cassette (ABC) G5 were the products of Proteintech (Chicago, IL, USA). Mouse monoclonal antibody against ABCG8 and enhanced chemiluminescence (ECL) kits were purchased from Thermo Scientific Pierce (Rockford, IL, USA). All reagents used in this study were of analytical grade.
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