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N n dicyclohexylcarbodiimide

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N,N′-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide is a chemical compound used as a coupling agent in organic synthesis. It facilitates the formation of amide bonds between carboxylic acids and amines.

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19 protocols using n n dicyclohexylcarbodiimide

1

Synthesis of Functionalized Organic Compounds

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Sodium methoxide (anhydrous), copper (I) iodide (98%), potassium carbonate (anhydrous, 99+%), N,N'-Dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (99%) and silica gel for chromatography (0.030–0.200 mm, 60A) were purchased from Acros Organics (New Jersey, USA). 3,6-Dibromocarbazole (99%), 1,4-dibromobenzene (98%), N,N-dimethylacetamide (anhydrous, 99.8%) and PdCl2(dppf) complex with acetone (13–15% Pd) were purchased from Alfa Aesar (Ward Hill, USA). Magnesium sulfate (anhydrous) was purchased from Fisher Chemical (New Jersey, USA). 1-Bromo-4-octylbenzene was purchased from Maybridge (Loughborough, UK). 5-Carboxythiophene-2-boronic was purchased from Frontier Scientific (Newark, USA). Hydrochloric acid (certified ACS plus) was purchased from Fisher Scientific (New Jersey, USA). Sodium sulfate (anhydrous) was purchased from Fisher BioReagents (New Jersey, USA). N-Hydroxysuccinimide (98+%) and octylamine (99%) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, USA). chloroform-d (99.96%) was purchased from Cambridge Isotope Laboratories, Inc. (Andover, USA). Dimethyl sulfoxide-d6 (99.8%) was purchased from EMD Millipore (Billerica, USA). Solvents (methanol, DMF, chloroform, petroleum ether, toluene, DMSO) were all ACS certified or spectroscopic grade, were purchased from Fisher Chemical (New Jersey, USA) and used without further purification.
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2

Heparin-based Hydrogel Fabrication

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Betaine and deuterium oxide (Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO), ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether (EGDE) (Pfaltz & Bauer, Waterbury, CT), t-Boc-aspartic acid (Boc-ASP-OH) (Bachem, Torrence, CA), 4-dimethylaminopyridine (DMAP) (Alfa Aesar, Ward Hill, MA), dimethylformamide (DMF), N-hydroxysuccinimide (NHS), N,N′-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (DCC), and tetra-n-butylammonium bromide (TBAB) (Acros Organics, Geel, Belgium), heparin sodium USP (Scientific Protein Labs, Waunakee, WI), fluorescein-conjugated heparin, timentin, DMEM, and Quant-iT PicoGreen dsDNA kit (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, MA), Cultrex basement membrane extract (R&D Systems, Minneapolis, MN), Matrigel high concentration (Corning, Corning, NY), endothelial cell growth medium and BulletKit (Lonza, Basel, Switzerland), dialysis tubing (Spectrum Labs, Rancho Dominguez, CA), CellTiter-Blue cell viability kit (Promega, Madison WI), RFP-expressing human umbilical vein endothelial cells (gift from Dr. Steven R. Little), mouse anti-rat CD68 antibody (Millipore, Billerica, MA), rabbit anti-rat α-SMA antibody and mouse anti-rat CD31 antibody (Abcam, Cambridge, United Kingdom) were all used as received.
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3

Synthesis and Characterization of Polycaprolactone-Based Nanoparticles

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Polycaprolactone diol (PCL, MW∼2000) and N-hydroxy succinimide (NHS) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (Beijing, China). Branched polyethyleneimine (PEI, MW 1800) and N,N′-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (DCC) were purchased from Alfa Aesar (Shanghai, China). Dithiodiglycolic acid, 4-dimethylaminopyridine (DMAP) was purchased from TCI (Shanghai, China). Hyaluronic acid (HA) was purchased from Macklin (Shanghai, China). N, N-dimethylformamide (DMF) and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) were purchased from Aladdin (Shanghai, China). Lonidamine (LND) was purchased from Meilunbio (Dalian, China). BPTES was purchased from Famo biotechnology (Shanghai, China). Primary antibodies including rabbit anti-Bax, rabbit anti-Bcl-2, rabbit anti-PARP, rabbit anti-cytochrome c, rabbit anti-P21, rabbit anti-Cyclin D1, rabbit anti-Cyclin E2 and rabbit anti-Tubulin were obtained from Proteintech (Wuhan, China). Rabbit anti-Ki67 was purchased from Cell Signaling Technology, Inc. Secondary antibody of horseradish peroxidase-conjugated goat IgG was purchased from Beyotime (Jiangsu, China).
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4

Synthesis and Characterization of Functional Polymers

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Acrylamide (AAM) and polyAcrylamide (PAAM, average MW 10000) were obtained from Acros Organics (Geel, Antwerp, Belgium), while polyethylene glycol (PEG, average MW 2000), N-N’-Dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (DCC) were sourced from Alfa Aesar (Ward Hill, MA, USA). Methacrylic anhydride, 4-formylbenzoic acid, and potassium persulfate (PPS) were acquired from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). The compound N-Boc-L-Lysine was purchased from Carbosynth Ltd. (Compton, UK).; 4-dimethylaminopyridine (DMAP) was obtained from Matrix Scientific (Elgin, SC, USA). Deionized water was utilized in all experiments.
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5

Synthesis and Evaluation of D-α-Tocopherol Succinate

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D-α-Tocopherol succinate, Triphosgene, 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT), trypsin-EDTA solution, Triton X-100, and Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle’s Medium (DMEM) were all purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (MO, USA). D-alpha-tocopherol was purchased from Tokyo Chemical Industry (OR, USA). Camptothecin, Bis (2-hydroxyethyl) disulfide, and N,N′-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (DCC) were purchased from Alfa Aesar (MA, USA). 4-Dimethylaminopyridine (DMAP) was purchased from Calbiochem-Novabiochem Corporation (CA, USA). Fetal bovine serum (FBS) and penicillin-streptomycin solution were from Invitrogen (NY, USA). LysoTracker was purchased from Life Technologies (Carlsbad, CA). All solvents used in this study were HPLC grade.
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6

Synthesis and Application of Histidine-Based Conjugate

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1,4-Butanediol diacrylate (90%), 4-amino-1-butanol (98%), 4-dimethylaminopyridine (99%), N,N′-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (99%), N-cbz-L-histidine, 10% Pd-C, methylene chloride, and ethyl ether were purchased from Alfa Aesar (Ward Hill, MA, USA). pMyD88 and the negative control plasmid containing nonspecific shRNA sequence (pHK) were both designed and synthesized by Genesil Biotechnology (Wuhan, People’s Republic of China). Sprague Dawley rats and Lewis rats weighing approximately 250 g were obtained from the Experimental Animal Center of China’s Military Academy of Medical Sciences (Beijing, People’s Republic of China). DA rats were obtained from the Experimenta Animal Center of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University (Harbin, People’s Republic of China).
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7

Hyaluronic Acid-PLGA Microcapsules for Hair Growth

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Hyaluronic acid (HA, 100 kDa) was purchased from Lifecore Co. (Chaska, MN). Poly(Lactide-co-Glycolide) (PLGA, 75:25, MW 10 kDa) was obtained from Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd. (Osaka, Japan). Hexamethylenediamine (HMDA), N-Hydroxysuccinimide (NHS), Rhodamine B (Rho B), Poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA), Dichloromethane (DCM), Tween 80, Formaldehyde were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO). N,N′-Dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (DCC), Dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO), Ethanol, and Methanol were obtained from Alfa Aesar (Haverhill, MA). 1-Ethyl3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide (EDC) hydrochloride, Minoxidil (MXD) was purchased from Tokyo Chemical Industry Co. (Tokyo, Japan). EZ-CYTOX was purchased from Daeil lab Service Co. (Cheongwon, Korea), Optimal cutting temperature (OCT) compound was obtained from Sakura Finetek (Zoeterwoude, Netherlands). Phosphate buffered saline (PBS) were purchased from Invitrogen Co. (Carlsbad, CA). Glycerin was purchased from DaeJung Chem Co. (Siheung, Korea). DMEM, Fetal bovine serum (FBS) were obtained from Thermo Fisher Scientific (Waltham, MA), EFO gro™ HDP was purchased from DYNE Bio Co. (Seongnam, Korea), Fibroblast cell (NIH/3 T3) was obtained from American Type Culture Collection (Manassas, VA), Hair follicle dermal papillary cell (HFDP) was purchased from Cell Engineering For Origin (Seoul, Korea).
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8

Peptide Synthesis and Purification

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Peptides RGDC, VTCG, PHCKRM, YGLSKGCFGLKLDRIGSMSGLGC, and SPKTMRDSGCFGRRLDRIGSLSGLGCNVLRRY were purchased from American Peptide Company (Sunnyvale, CA). SLRRSSCFGGR and CQDSETRTFY were purchased from Abbiotec (San Diego, CA) and CDPGYIGSR was purchased from Apexbio. Ammonium bicarbonate was purchased from Avantor (Center Valley, PA). Dithiothreitol was purchased from Arcos Organics (Geel, Belgium). Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO). Trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) and N,N’-Dicyclohexylcarbodiimide was purchased from Alfa Aesar (Haverhill, MA). Acetonitrile (ACN), methanol and 1,4 dioxane were purchased from Fisher Scientific (Waltham, MA). 2-hydroxymethyl-18-crown-6 ether was purchased from TCI America (Portland, OR) and 3,5-diiodobenzoic acid was purchased commercially. Water was purified by Millipore Direct-Q (Millipore, Billerica, MA). A MacroTrap holder and MacroTrap consisting of polymeric reversed-phase packing material were purchased from Michrom Bioresources, Inc. (Auburn, CA).
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9

Synthesis and Characterization of Biomimetic Polymers

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Calcium chloride (CaCl2), magnesium sulfate (MgSO4), sodium hydrogen carbonate (NaHCO3), sodium chloride (NaCl), triethylamine (TEA) and hydrochloric acid (HCl, 1 M) were purchased from Fisher Scientific and used as received. Ethylene glycol (99.8%), anhydrous tetrahydrofuran (THF, 99%), 1-dodecanol (99%), α-bromoisobutyl bromide (98%), anisole (99%), oligo(Ethylene glycol methacrylate) (OEGMA, Mn = 300 g mol−1, 98%), Ethylene glycol dimethacylate (EGDMA), 2,2′-bipyridyl (bpy), copper(i) chloride (CuCl, 97%), activated neutral alumina, basic alumina, porcine mucin, bovine serum albumin (BSA, >98%), cholesterol, linoleic acid, phosphatidylcholine and polysorbate 80 were purchased from Sigma Aldrich and used as received. Potassium ethyl xanthogenate (96%), 2-bromoacetic acid, 4-(dimethylamino) pyridine (DMAP, >99%), N,N′-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (DCC, >99%) and 2-bromoacetic acid were all purchased from Alfa Aesar and used as received. 4-(Dimethylamino)pyridinium-4-toluene sulfonate (DPTS) was synthesised as previously reported.25 (link) Polyacrylic acid (Carbopol 940) was purchased from Lubrizol. All solvents, unless stated otherwise, were reagent grade, purchased from Fisher Chemicals and used as received.
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10

Synthesis and Characterization of MPEG-Succinic Acid Conjugates

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Methoxypoly(ethylene glycol) (MPEG, Mn=2,000, Aldrich), succinic anhydride (SA, 99%, Alfa Aesar), 3-amino-1-propanol (AP, 99%, Alfa Aesar), hexane-1,6-dioldiacrylate (HDD, 99%), methylthiazoltetrazolium (MTT), and phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) were purchased from Sigma Chemical Co., and 1st BASE (Malaysia), respectively. N,N′-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (DCC, 99%, Alfa Aesar), 4-(dimethyl amino)pyridine (DMAP, 99%, Alfa Aesar), cholesteryl chloroformate (Chol, 99%, Alfa Aesar), anhydrous dichloromethane (DCM), anhydrous triethylamine (TEA), 1,4-dioxane, and other materials were received and prepared as described in previous work.31 (link)
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