Gas chromatography-electron ionization mass spectrometry GC/EIMS analyses were performed with a Varian CP-3800 gas-chromatograph (Varian, Inc., Palo Alto, CA, USA) equipped with a HP-5 capillary column (30 × 0.25 mm; coating thickness 0.25 μm) and a Varian Saturn 2000 ion trap mass detector (Varian, Inc., CA, USA). Analytical conditions: injector and transfer line temperatures at 220 and 240 °C, respectively; oven temperature was programmed from 60 to 240 °C at 3 °C/min; carrier gas helium at 1 mL/min; injection of 0.2 mL (10% hexane solution); split ratio 1:30. Identification of the constituents was based on comparison of the retention times with those of authentic standards, comparing their Linear Retention Indices relative to the series of n-hydrocarbons, and by computer matching against commercial (NIST 98 and ADAMS 95) and home-made library mass spectra built up from pure substances and components of known essential oils and MS literature data [44 ,45 (link),46 ,47 (link)]. Moreover, the molecular weights of all the identified substances were confirmed by GC/CIMS, using methanol as CI ionizing gas [48 ]. Analysis was also run by using a fused silica HP Innowax polyethylenglycol capillary column (50 m × 0.20 mm i.d., 0.25 μm film thickness). In both cases, helium was used as carrier gas (1.0 mL/min).
Cp 3800 gas chromatograph
Manufactured by Agilent Technologies
Sourced in United States, China, Germany
The CP-3800 gas chromatograph is a precision analytical instrument designed for the separation and detection of complex mixtures of volatile and semi-volatile organic compounds. It features high-performance components and advanced software that enable accurate and reproducible analysis across a wide range of applications.
Automatically generated - may contain errors
Lab products found in correlation
Saturn 2000, by Agilent Technologies (9 mentions)
Db 5 capillary column, by Agilent Technologies (9 mentions)
Hp 5 capillary column, by Agilent Technologies (5 mentions)
Spme device, by Merck Group (3 mentions)
Ms320 mass spectrometer, by Agilent Technologies (2 mentions)
Ws data station, by Agilent Technologies (2 mentions)
Modified methylaluminoxane, by AkzoNobel (2 mentions)
Methylaluminoxane, by AkzoNobel (2 mentions)
Vf 5m, by Agilent Technologies (2 mentions)
Db ffap column, by Agilent Technologies (2 mentions)
Fame mix, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Capillary column, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
System 2000 ftir spectrometer, by PerkinElmer (1 mentions)
Flash ea 1112 microanalyzer, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (1 mentions)
1200 quadrupole mass spectrometer, by Agilent Technologies (1 mentions)
Capillary column, by Agilent Technologies (1 mentions)
Saturn 4000, by Agilent Technologies (1 mentions)
Db 5ms, by Agilent Technologies (1 mentions)
Saturn 2000 ion trap mass spectrometer, by Agilent Technologies (1 mentions)
Cp wax 57 cb column, by Agilent Technologies (1 mentions)
69 protocols using cp 3800 gas chromatograph
1
GC/EIMS Analysis of Essential Oils
2
Volatile Compound Analysis of Fruit and Leaves
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The analysis of volatile compounds was performed by the Solid-Phase Micro-Extraction (SPME) technique, using a Supelco SPME devices (Sigma-Aldrich) coated with polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS, 100 μm). A portion of the dried pulp of each fruit and of dried leaves was put into a 50 mL flask and allowed to equilibrate for 30 min at room temperature. The fiber, previously conditioned according to the manufacturer recommendations, was exposed to the headspace of the sample respectively for 20 (pulp) and 30 (leaves) min. Sampling was performed in an air-conditioned room (22 ± 1 °C) to guarantee a stable temperature during sampling. After the sampling time, the fiber was withdrawn into the needle, then transferred immediately to the injection port of the GC/MS, where the fiber was desorbed with a splitless injection method. Gas chromatography-electron impact mass spectrometry (GC/EI-MS) analyses were performed with a CP-3800 gas chromatograph (Varian, Palo Alto, CA, USA) equipped with a DB-5 capillary column (30 m × 0.25 mm; coating thickness 0.25 μm) and a Varian Saturn 2000 ion trap mass detector. Analytical conditions: injector and transfer line temperatures 250 °C and 240 °C, respectively; oven temperature programmed from 60 to 240 °C at 3 °C/min; carrier gas helium at 1 mL/min.
3
SF6 Decomposition Under DC PD
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The experimental
platform for decomposing SF6 under DC PD is shown inFigure 9 , with a chamber
volume of 15 L, needle electrode diameter of 4 mm, needle tip curvature
radius of 0.3 mm, closed cone angle of 30°, ground electrode
diameter of 120 mm, ground electrode thickness of 10 mm, and a needle–plate
gap of 8 mm. The needle-plate electrodes are made of stainless steel.
When the DC voltage is applied
on the needle–plate electrode
in the gas chamber, the PD pulse current signals pass through the
coupling capacitance (C1) and are acquired by detection impedance
(R2). Then, they are displayed and stored on a digital oscilloscope
(LeCroy WavePro 7100A). The pulse current amplitude is used to calculate the pulse discharge quantity
by the impulse correction generator. Meanwhile, the contents of SF6 decomposition components are detected by a Varian CP-3800
gas chromatograph (GC) and a QP2010 ultra gas chromatography mass
spectrometer (GC/MS). The H2O content is detected by a
mirror dew point instrument (GE600), and the O2 content
is detected by an oxygen gas analyzer (HF-YF).
platform for decomposing SF6 under DC PD is shown in
volume of 15 L, needle electrode diameter of 4 mm, needle tip curvature
radius of 0.3 mm, closed cone angle of 30°, ground electrode
diameter of 120 mm, ground electrode thickness of 10 mm, and a needle–plate
gap of 8 mm. The needle-plate electrodes are made of stainless steel.
When the DC voltage is applied
on the needle–plate electrode
in the gas chamber, the PD pulse current signals pass through the
coupling capacitance (C1) and are acquired by detection impedance
(R2). Then, they are displayed and stored on a digital oscilloscope
(LeCroy WavePro 7100A). The pulse current amplitude is used to calculate the pulse discharge quantity
by the impulse correction generator. Meanwhile, the contents of SF6 decomposition components are detected by a Varian CP-3800
gas chromatograph (GC) and a QP2010 ultra gas chromatography mass
spectrometer (GC/MS). The H2O content is detected by a
mirror dew point instrument (GE600), and the O2 content
is detected by an oxygen gas analyzer (HF-YF).
4
Fatty Acid Profiling in Subcutaneous Fat
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The percentage of fatty acid methyl esters in subcutaneous fat was estimated with gas chromatography on a CP-3800 gas chromatograph (Varian, Palo Alto, CA, USA) after previous extraction of fat with Folch’s method [36 (link)]. Gas chromatography was performed using Supelco 37 FAME Mix 47885-U standards (Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA), with chromatograph operating conditions as follows: the capillary column CP WAX 52CB, DF 0.25 mm x 100 m, flow rate of gas carrier (helium) 1.4 mL/min, column temperature 120 °C gradually increasing by 2 °C/min up to 210 °C, determination time 120 min, feeder temperature 160 °C, detector FID temperature 160 °C, other gases: hydrogen and oxygen. Fatty acids were expressed as a percentage of total fatty acids.
5
GC-MS Analysis of Essential Oil Constituents
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Volatile constituents of each EO were analyzed by GC-MS as previously reported [21 (link)]. Briefly, a Varian CP-3800 gas chromatograph equipped with HP-5 capillary column (30 m × 0.25 mm; coating thickness, 0.25 mm) and a Saturn 2000 ion trap mass detector (Varian Inc., Walnut Creek, CA, USA) were employed. Analytical conditions were as follows: injector and transfer line temperature, 220 and 240 °C respectively; oven temperature, programmed from 60 to 240 °Cat 3 °C/min; carrier gas, helium at 1 ml/min; injection, 0.2 ml (10% hexane solution); split ratio, 1:30. Identification of the constituents was based on comparison of the retention times with those of authentic samples, comparing their linear retention indices relative to the series of n-hydrocarbons, and on computer matching against commercial and home-made library mass spectra built up from pure substances and components of known oils and MS literature data [17 ,18 (link),19 ]. Amount of EOs constituents was calculated by relative percentage abundance.
6
Essential Oil Chemical Analysis
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A. sativum, R. officinalis, and S. officinalis EOs were purchased from Vis Medicatrix Naturae s.r.l. (Florence, Italy). The EOs were chemically analysed by gas chromatography-electron impact mass spectroscopy (GC-EIMS) with a Varian CP-3800 gas chromatograph, equipped with a HP-5 capillary column (30 m × 0.25 mm, coating thickness 0.25 μm) and a Varian Saturn 2000 ion trap mass detector. The analytical conditions were as follows: injector and transfer line temperatures 220 °C and 240 °C respectively, oven temperature programmed from 60 °C to 240 °C at 3 °C/min, carrier gas helium at 1 mL/min, injection of 0.2 μL (10% hexane solution), and split ratio 1:30. Constituents identification was based on a comparison of retention times with those of authentic samples by comparing their LRIs with the series of n-hydrocarbons and using computer matching against commercial [21 (link),22 ] and home-made library mass spectra (built up from pure substances and components of known oils and mass spectra literature data) [22 ,23 (link)].
7
Glycolipid Fatty Acyl Analysis by GC/MS
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The glycolipid AT-X was treated with 3 m HCl in CH3OH (Supelco) overnight at 80 °C to both release the fatty acyl groups from AT-X and form their methyl esters. The sample was then dried and dissolved in 50 μl of N,O-bis(trimethylsilyl) trifluoroacetamide (Sigma-Aldrich) and heated at 60 °C for 10 min prior to injection for GC/MS to form the trimethylsilyl ethers of any hydroxyl groups. Samples were injected directly from the silylating reagent. Analyses were carried out using a CP 3800 gas chromatograph (Varian) equipped with an MS320 mass spectrometer in the electron impact mode and scanning from m/z 50 to 800 over 0.5 s. Helium was used as the carrier gas with a flow rate of 1 ml/min. The samples were run on a DB 5 column (10 m × 0.20-mm inner diameter). The injector (splitless mode) was set for 250 °C. The oven temperature was held at 50 °C for 1 min, programmed at 30 °C/min to 130 °C, and then programmed at 10 °C/min to 330 °C, followed by a 10-min hold. The data analyses were carried out on a Varian WS data station.
8
Synthesis and Characterization of Air-Sensitive Compounds
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Manipulation of air and/or moisture-sensitive compounds was done under a high-purity N2 atmosphere using standard Schlenk techniques. Toluene was routinely purified and distilled over Na before use. 1,2-dimethoxyethane (DME)–NiBr2 complex was synthesized by the reaction of DME with anhydrous NiBr2. Methylaluminoxane (MAO, 1.46 m solution in toluene) and modified Methylaluminoxane (MMAO, 1.93 m in n-heptane) were purchased from AkzoNobel. Trimethylaluminium (TMA, 1.00 m in toluene) was purchased from Aldrich. Me2AlCl (1.00 m in toluene) and other reagents were purchased from Acros Chemicals or local suppliers. Elemental analysis was completed by using a Flash EA 1112 microanalyzer (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, USA). FTIR spectra were determined by a System 2000 FTIR spectrometer (PerkinElmer, Waltham, USA). Gas chromatography (GC) analysis was performed with a CP-3800 gas chromatograph (Varian, Palo Alto, USA) equipped with a flame ionization detector and a 30 m column (0.2 mm internal diameter, 0.25 μm film thickness).
9
Comparative GC-MS Analysis of Artemisia Aerial Parts
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A. annua and A. dracunculus aerial parts were hydrodistilled in a Clevenger-type apparatus for 2 h. Gas chromatography-electron impact mass spectroscopy (GC-EIMS) analyses were performed with a Varian CP-3800 gas chromatograph, equipped with a DB-5 capillary column (30 m × 0.25 mm; coating thickness 0.25 μm) and a Varian Saturn 2000 ion trap mass detector. Analytical conditions included injector and transfer line temperatures 220 °C and 240 °C, respectively, oven temperature programmed from 60 to 240 °C at 3 °C/min, carrier gas helium at 1 ml/min, injection of 0.2 μl (10% hexane solution), and a split ratio of 1:30. Constituent identification was based on comparison of retention times with those of authentic samples, by comparing their linear retention indices (LRI) with the series of n-hydrocarbons and using computer matching against commercial [33 ] and home-made library mass spectra (built up from pure substances and components of known oils and mass spectra literature data) [33 , 34 (link)].
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A. annua and A. dracunculus aerial parts were hydrodistilled in a Clevenger-type apparatus for 2 h. Gas chromatography-electron impact mass spectroscopy (GC-EIMS) analyses were performed with a Varian CP-3800 gas chromatograph, equipped with a DB-5 capillary column (30 m × 0.25 mm; coating thickness 0.25 μm) and a Varian Saturn 2000 ion trap mass detector. Analytical conditions included injector and transfer line temperatures 220 °C and 240 °C, respectively, oven temperature programmed from 60 to 240 °C at 3 °C/min, carrier gas helium at 1 ml/min, injection of 0.2 μl (10% hexane solution), and a split ratio of 1:30. Constituent identification was based on comparison of retention times with those of authentic samples, by comparing their linear retention indices (LRI) with the series of n-hydrocarbons and using computer matching against commercial [33 ] and home-made library mass spectra (built up from pure substances and components of known oils and mass spectra literature data) [33 , 34 (link)].
10
Volatile Compound Analysis by SPME-GC/MS
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The analysis of volatile compounds was performed by the Solid-Phase Micro-Extraction (SPME) technique, using a Supelco SPME devices coated with polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS, 100 μm). 2 mL of flowers and stems aromatic waters were put into a 5 mL flask and allowed to equilibrate for 30 min at room temperature. The fibre, previously conditioned according to the manufacturer recommendations, was then exposed to the headspace of each sample for 1 sec. Sampling was performed in an air-conditioned room (22 ± 1 °C) to guarantee a stable temperature during sampling. After the sampling time, the fibre was withdrawn into the needle, then transferred immediately to the injection port of the GC/MS, where the fibre was desorbed with a splitless injection method. Gas chromatography-electron impact mass spectrometry (GC/EI-MS) analyses were performed with a Varian CP-3800 gas chromatograph equipped with a DB-5 capillary column (30 m × 0.25 mm; coating thickness 0.25 μm) and a Varian Saturn 2000 ion trap mass detector. Analytical conditions: injector and transfer line temperatures 250 and 240 °C, respectively; oven temperature programmed from 60 to 240 °C at 3 °C/min; carrier gas helium at 1 mL/min.
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