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Inveon micro ct pet

Manufactured by Siemens
Sourced in Germany

The Inveon Micro-CT/PET is a laboratory imaging system that combines computed tomography (CT) and positron emission tomography (PET) technologies. It is designed to provide high-resolution, three-dimensional images of small animal subjects. The system enables users to acquire both anatomical and functional data simultaneously.

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7 protocols using inveon micro ct pet

1

In vivo Micro-CT Imaging of Implant

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For the in vivo CT a
small animal CT scanner was used (Inveon Micro-CT/PET, Siemens Medical
Solution, Knoxville, TN). The animals were located in the supine position
on a heating mat and always assessed under general anesthesia (Isoflurane/O2). Images were recorded with an acquisition time of 6 min,
spatial resolution of 30 μm, 80 kV tungsten anode source, and
exposure time of 1000 ms. Inveon Research Workplace (IRW, Siemens)
software was used for 3D reconstruction of the projected files and
in order to define the VOI corresponding to the implanted material.
As the shape of the implant was heterogeneous from leg to leg, the
outline of the implant was carefully drawn. For each VOI, the total
volume in mm3 and the mean attenuation intensity in Hounsfield
units (HU) were calculated. For each implant, the level of attenuation
intensity was adjusted by the corresponding volume. Finally, the mean
value of the signal intensity at each time point was computed. Signal
decrease over time was also investigated. Based on a constant VOI
(of 15 mm3), the relative signal intensity at each time
point was expressed as percentage and calculated as total signal intensity
from the implants to the mean of the signal intensity from normal
bone (i.e., no defect group) (Figure S2).
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2

Micro-CT/PET Imaging of Mice

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At 180 days, mice (3 from each of the indicated treatment groups) were imaged using a Siemens Inveon Micro-CT/PET (Siemens Medical Solutions, Knoxville, TN, USA). Transmission images were acquired for each animal at 80 kV and 500 μA and a spatial resolution of ∼30 μm using Inveon Research Workplace software Version 1.5 (Siemens, Berlin, Germany).
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3

In Vivo Metastasis Assay and Treatment

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For in vivo metastasis assays, 2 × 105 stable transfected LM3 cells in 40 ul serum-free medium were injected into the upper pole of spleen with a microsyringe under anesthesia. After 7 weeks, mice were sacrificed, and their spleens and livers were harvested.
For the treatment of metastasis model, the chemotherapy started immediately after injection. The doxorubicin dose per injection was equivalent to 1.0 mg/kg body weight (i.v. once a week, 6 weeks) and the ATRA dose per injection was equivalent to 3.0 mg/kg body weight (i.p. once a week, 6 weeks). Metastasis formation was finally monitored using Siemens Inveon Micro-CT/PET after 14 weeks. All studies were conducted under the American Association for the Accreditation of Laboratory Animal Care guidelines for humane treatment of animals.
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4

Quantifying Ankle Joint Bone Damage in Mice and Rats

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To evaluate the bone damage of ankle joints, the ankle joints of mice sacrificed at day 8 and rats sacrificed at day 29 were fixed in 10% buffered formalin for a week and scanned at 80 kV and 500 μA with the resolution of 19 μm in ex vivo micro-computed tomography (Micro-CT, Siemens Inveon Micro-CT/PET) for 50 min. Then the dataset was reconstructed using Inveon Research Workplace to obtain the 3D images of joints and to measure BMD and other morphometric parameters. The calcaneus was evaluated for bone destruction and its BMD was measured as a comparative indicator of bone damage. The region of interest (ROI) in calcaneus as highlighted in Supplementary Figures 7, 8 was chosen for analysis with the following morphometric parameters: (1) bone volume fraction: trabecular bone volume/total volume. Total volume is the volume within which the measurement is performed. (2) Ratio of the segmented bone surface to the segmented bone volume: bone surface area/bone volume. (3) Mean thickness of trabeculae. (4) Mean distance between trabeculae: trabecular spacing. (5) Ratio of convex to concave surface: trabecular pattern factor. A higher concavity represents a well-connected spongy lattice, whereas a higher convexity indicates a poorly connected trabecular lattice in two-dimensional sections.
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5

In Vivo Bone Tissue Engineering

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The humanised bone was allowed to develop in vivo for 4–8 weeks, monitored by in vivo µ-computed tomography (µCT). Animals were anaesthetised with 2% isoflurane, 1 L O2/min and scanned in an Inveon Micro-CT/PET (positron emission tomography) Image Station (Inveon, Siemens, Munich, Germany). Mice were scanned at 80 KV and 500 µA, with an effective pixel size of 35.84 µm and an exposure time of 1100 ms with a binning factor of 2. A 0.5 mm aluminium filter was used with 180 projections at 360° rotations at medium system magnification (source-to-centre = 184.24 mm, source-to-detector = 345.34 mm). These settings were maintained throughout the experiment, and a calibrated phantom (Siemens, Germany) was scanned to calculate BMD values expressed as mg/cc.
Results from the PET-CT scans were analysed using the Siemens Inveon software; noise and ring artefact reduction were applied. A lower threshold of 500 HU was applied for every image, and two regions of interest (ROIs) were used, one for the femur and one for the scaffold. Total BV (mm3) and the Hounsfield units (HU) for each of the ROIs were obtained for each sample.
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6

Micro-CT Analysis of Femoral Bone Ingrowth

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Samples of proximal femur were retrieved and fixed in 4% paraformaldehyde solution. Specimens were scanned by Siemens Inveon Micro-CT/PET (Siemens, Berlin, Germany. Resolution of 10 ​mm, Voltage of 60 ​kV, Current of 400 ​mA). Images were reconstructed and analyzed with Inveon analysis workstation. To evaluate bone ingrowth of implanted scaffolds, the scaffold area (top side, 15 ​mm in height) was selected as region of interest (ROI) for Micro-CT analysis. Bone tissue was separated from high-density titanium scaffold by using the threshold function.
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7

Distal Femur Microstructure Analysis

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The distal femurs of the samples were scanned using Inveon micro-CT/PET (Siemens Medical Solutions, Germany) with 15µm resolution, and 80 kV tube voltage, 500μA tube current X-ray energy settings. The reconstruction and 3D quantitative analyses were conducted using Inveon research workplace 4.1 software. Similar settings for scans and analyses were applied for all of the samples. In the femur, the scanning regions were con ned to the distal region, extending proximally 5.0 mm from the distal tip of the femoral condyle. The following bone indices in the de ned region of interest (ROI) were analyzed: bone mineral density (BMD), trabecular thickness (Tb.Th), trabecular number (Tb.N), trabecular separation (Tb.Sp). The operator who conducted the scan analysis was blinded to the specimens.
Following Micro-CT scanning, the femur samples were decalci ed in 10% EDTA with continuous shaking for 3 weeks. After dehydration and embedding, the distal femurs were embedded in para n. The sections were cut and stained with VG staining, which was used to stain for collagen bers according to the manufacturer's instructions, The specimens were visualized, and pictures were taken with a high resolution microscope.
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