small animal CT scanner was used (Inveon Micro-CT/PET, Siemens Medical
Solution, Knoxville, TN). The animals were located in the supine position
on a heating mat and always assessed under general anesthesia (Isoflurane/O2). Images were recorded with an acquisition time of 6 min,
spatial resolution of 30 μm, 80 kV tungsten anode source, and
exposure time of 1000 ms. Inveon Research Workplace (IRW, Siemens)
software was used for 3D reconstruction of the projected files and
in order to define the VOI corresponding to the implanted material.
As the shape of the implant was heterogeneous from leg to leg, the
outline of the implant was carefully drawn. For each VOI, the total
volume in mm3 and the mean attenuation intensity in Hounsfield
units (HU) were calculated. For each implant, the level of attenuation
intensity was adjusted by the corresponding volume. Finally, the mean
value of the signal intensity at each time point was computed. Signal
decrease over time was also investigated. Based on a constant VOI
(of 15 mm3), the relative signal intensity at each time
point was expressed as percentage and calculated as total signal intensity
from the implants to the mean of the signal intensity from normal
bone (i.e., no defect group) (