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22 protocols using anti slc7a11

1

Protein Extraction and Western Blot Analysis

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Nuclear proteins were extracted using the Nuclear and Cytoplasmic Protein Extraction Kit (Thermo‐Fisher). The following primary antibodies were used for western blot analysis: anti–phosphorylated c‐Jun NH2‐terminal kinase (P‐JNK; no. 9255; Cell Signaling Technology), anti‐JNK (no. 9525; Cell Signaling Technology), anti–phosphorylated extracellular signal–regulated kinase (P‐Erk) 1/2 (no. 4376; Cell Signaling Technology), anti‐Erk1/2 (no. 5013; Cell Signaling Technology), anti‐P‐p38 (no. 9216; Cell Signaling Technology), anti‐p38 (no. 9212; Cell Signaling Technology), anti‐LC3I/II (no. 4108; Cell Signaling Technology), anti‐Nrf2 (no. 137550; Abcam), anti‐p62 (no. 109012; Abcam), and anti‐Slc7a11 (no. 37185; Abcam).
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2

Immunohistochemical Analysis of SLC7A11 and Ki-67

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Paraffin-embedded, formalin-fixed tissues were immunostained for SLC7A11 and Ki-67 proteins using the avidin-biotin-peroxidase method. Briefly, paraffin sections were dewaxed in xylene and dehydrated using a graded series of alcohols. The sections were then treated with protein blockers and incubated overnight at 4°C with anti-SLC7A11 (1:200; Abcam, Cambridge, MA, USA) or anti-Ki-67 antibodies (1:100; Abcam, Cambridge, MA, USA). The signal was amplified and visualized with diaminobenzidine chromogen, followed by counterstaining with hematoxylin. Finally, the sections were dehydrated using a graded series of alcohols, cleared in xylene, and mounted. Tumor cells with cytomembrane and nuclei containing brown immunoreactive products were considered to be positive for SLC7A11 and Ki-67 expression, respectively.
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3

Western Blot Analysis of Antioxidant Proteins

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Cells were lysed with a cold radio-immunoprecipitation assay (RIPA) (Beyotime, China) lysis buffer plus protease and a phosphatase inhibitor. The protein concentrations were detected by a bicinchoninic acid kit (BCA) (Beyotime, China). Protein sample were separated via 12% SDS-PAGE and moved to positively charged nylon (PVDF) membranes (Immobilon-P, Millipore, Switzerland). After blocking with bovine serum albumin (BSA), the membranes were detected using anti-Nrf2 (1:5,000, ABCAm), anti-GPX4 (1:1,000, ABCAm), anti-SLC7A11 (1:1,000, ABCAm), anti-DHODH (1:1,000, ABCAm) and anti-β-actin (1:10,000, Abclone). Horseradish peroxidase-conjugated secondary antibodies were diluted 1:10,000 and incubated for 1 h, and chemiluminescence solution and an electrochemiluminescence (ECL) kit (Millipore, USA) were used to detect protein band.
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4

Western Blot Analysis of Ferroptosis Markers

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HT22 cells or cortical neurons were lysed in RIPA Lysis Buffer (KeyGEN, Nanjing, China), and a BCA Assay Kit (Solar Life Science, Beijing, China) was used to detect the protein concentrations. SDS-PAGE (10%) was used to separate equal amounts of protein (30 μg), and the proteins were then transferred onto polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) membranes (Thermo Fisher Scientific). Five percent nonfat dried milk in TBST was used to block the PVDF membrane for 1 h. The PVDF membrane was incubated overnight at 4°C with the following primary antibodies: anti-ACSL4 (1:1000, Abcam, Cambridge, MA, USA), anti-UPF1 (1:1000, Abcam), anti-SLC7A11 (1:1000, Abcam), anti-GPX4 (1:1000, Abcam) and anti-β-actin (1:1000, Abcam). Then, the membrane was incubated ith HRP-labelled goat anti-rabbit secondary antibody (1:5000, Abcam) for 1 h. Enhanced chemiluminescence (ECL) reagent (Thermo Fisher Scientific) was used to visualize the protein bands. ImageJ software was used to quantify the intensities of the bands, and β-actin was used for normalization.
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5

Western Blot Analysis of Protein Expression

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WB was conducted according to conventional protocols. Briefly, cells treated as indicated were harvested and lysed using RIPA buffer (Beyotime, China). Proteins were extracted and transferred to nitrocellulose membranes via SDS–PAGE. Then, membranes were blocked with 5% skimmed milk for 1 h at room temperature prior to incubation with primary antibodies overnight at 4 °C. The primary antibodies used were anti-O-GlcNAc (Abcam, #ab2735), anti-OGT (Abcam, #ab184198 or #ab177941), anti-YAP (Abcam, #ab52771), anti-β-Tubulin (CST, #2128), anti-Histone-H3 (Santa Cruz, #sc-10809), anti-TFRC (Abcam, #ab84036), anti-SLC7A11 (Abcam, #175186), and anti-GAPDH (CST, #5176). For nuclear and cytosolic separation, nuclear extraction was conducted according to the manufacturer’s protocols for the Nuclear Extraction Kit (Active Motif, USA). Membranes were incubated with HRP-linked secondary antibodies [anti-rabbit (CST, #7074) or anti-mouse (CST, #7076)] for 1 h at room temperature. Signals were detected using Pierce™ ECL Western Blotting Substrate (Thermo Scientific, USA).
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6

Quantifying Peritumoral Neuronal Density

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Tumor-implanted animals were perfused with PBS followed by 4% paraformaldehyde (PFA). 100 μm coronal sections were blocked for 1 hour at RT in blocking buffer (10% serum, 0.5% TritonX-100) and incubated with primary antibodies [anti-neuronal nucleic (NeuN)(1:500; Millipore), anti-glial fibrillary acid protein (GFAP) (1:1000; DAKO), anti-SLC7A11 (1:100; Abcam), or anti-human nuclei (HuN) (1:1000; Millipore)] 4°C, overnight. Slices were washed with PBS for 20 min and incubated with secondary antibodies [Alexa Fluor (1:1500; Invitrogen) for 1 hour at RT. Washed slices were mounted on glass slides and coverslipped using AquaPolymount (Polysciences). Images were acquired with an Olympus Fluoview FV1000 laser-scanning microscope (Olympus). Peritumoral neuronal density was quantified as the number of NeuN+ peritumoral neurons, normalized to the total peritumoral area (240–350 mm). NeuN staining showed autofluorescence in areas of necrosis. For HuN cell quantification, 25 ROIs (3 animals/condition) were imaged, and the number of cells migrating away from the tumor mass (≤300 μM distance from tumor border) was quantified.
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7

Western Blot Analysis of SLC7A11 Expression

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The total protein extracted from the cells was separated by 10% SDS-PAGE gel and transferred to a PVDF membrane. The protein was then placed in 5% skim milk and blocked at room temperature for 1 h. Anti-SLC7A11 (1:1,000; Abcam, Cambridge, MA, USA) or anti-GAPDH (1:1,000; Abcam, Cambridge, MA, USA) primary antibody was then added and incubated at 4 °C overnight. After washing 3 times with TBST, the protein was incubated with secondary antibody for 2 h at room temperature and quantified by chemiluminescence detection.
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8

Quantification of Antioxidant Proteins in Sevoflurane-Exposed Cells

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After sevoflurane exposure, HT22 cells were lysed in precooled RIPA lysis buffer (Cat. R0020, SolelyBio, China) with protease inhibitor (Cat. M5293, AbMole, USA). We quantified the protein using a BCA Protein Quantitation Kit (Cat. PC0020, SolelyBio, China). The equal protein in each group was separated in 10% SDS PAGE (Cat. LK303, Epizyme, China) and transferred into PVDF membrane (Cat. ISEQ00010, Millipore, USA). The primary antibodies used in this study were anti-Slc7a11 (Cat. ab175186, Abcam, dilution 1 : 1000), anti-Gpx4 (Cat. AB_2838663, Affinity, dilution 1 : 1000), and anti-GAPDH (Cat. 60004-1-Ig, Proteintech, dilution 1 : 1000). Super ECL detection reagent (Cat. SQ101, Epizyme, China) was used for visualizing the protein bands in PVDF membrane. ImageJ 1.53 software was used for quantification of the protein bands.
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9

Ferroptosis-related Protein Expression in BBB

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The smashed fresh brain tissues were selected blindly and RIPA Lysis Buffer (Beyotime, Haimen, China) and protease phosphatase inhibitors (PMSF, Beyotime) were mixed to fully ground. The protein concentration was measured using a bicinchoninic acid assay (Beyotime). The belt was transferred to the polyvinylidene fluoride membrane (Beyotime) after an electrophoresis process. Membranes were blocked with 5% skim milk blocking buffer at 37°C for 2 h and incubated with the following ferroptosis-rand BBB-related primary antibodies: anti-SLC7A11 (Abcam, Cambridge, UK; 1: 5,000), anti-GPX4 (Abcam; 1: 1,000), anti-PDGFR-β (Solarbio; 1: 1,000), anti-TFR1 (Abcam; 1: 5,000), anti-GSS (Abcam; 1: 5,000), anti-PI3K (Abcam; 1: 1,000), anti-p-PI3K (Abcam; 1: 1,000), anti-Akt (Abcam; 1: 10,000), anti-p-Akt (Abcam; 1: 1,000), and anti-β-actin (Abcam; 1: 5,000) as an internal control, at 4°C overnight in a thermostat shaker. After being washed by TBST (Tris-HCI buffer salt solution+Tween) buffer, all membranes were incubated with the second antibodies (Proteintech, Rosemont, IL, USA; 1: 5,000) at 37°C for 2 h. Immunoreactive membranes were processed with a chemiluminescence assay (Beyotime) (Wang et al., 2020 (link)). ImageJ software was used for analysis.
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10

SLC7A11 Protein Expression Analysis

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Total protein was extracted, separated by 10% SDS-PAGE and subsequently transferred to polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) membranes (Millipore, USA). Membranes were then blocked with 5% skim milk for 1 h at room temperature, and then incubated with primary anti-SLC7A11 (1:1000; Abcam, Cambridge, MA, USA) or anti-GAPDH (1:1,000; Abcam, Cambridge, MA, USA, Cat.# ab8245) antibodies. A horseradish peroxidase (HRP)-labelled secondary antibody (1:5,000; Cell Signaling Technology, Danvers, MA, USA, Cat.# 7074) was used and detected by chemiluminescence.
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