A Shimadzu UV-Mini 1240 (Shimadzu Corporation, Kyoto, Japan) UV-visible spectrophotometer was used to analyze the characteristic SPR band of the GNPs.28 (link),29 (link) The size of the nanoparticles was assessed using Zetasizer DLS (Malvern Instruments, Malvern, UK) system.
Dls zetasizer
Manufactured by Malvern Panalytical
Sourced in United Kingdom
The DLS Zetasizer is a lab equipment product that uses dynamic light scattering (DLS) technology to measure the size and size distribution of particles or molecules in a sample. It can determine the hydrodynamic size, zeta potential, and electrophoretic mobility of the sample.
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Lab products found in correlation
11 protocols using dls zetasizer
1
Characterization of Gold Nanoparticles
2
Characterizing Liposomes and Leukosomes
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Lipos and Leukos hydrodynamic diameter, PDI, and zeta potential were measured using a Zetasizer DLS (Malvern). Particles’ solutions (1.2 mg/ml of lipids) were diluted 1:100 in fresh MilliQ water and measured using folded capillary cuvettes (DTS1070, Malvern) five sequential times for the size, followed by three measurements of zeta potential, each interspaced by one-minute equilibration time.
3
Silica Particle Growth Dynamics
4
Screening Nanosheet Stability via DLS
5
Optimized Nanoemulsion Preparation via Hot-Melt Extrusion
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For preparing nanoemulsions using optimized drug/excipient/water mixture, the drug–excipient mixture was added to the extruder through the hopper connected to the barrel, with the barrel temperature maintained at 80 °C to completely dissolve the drug into the excipient. The mixture was then allowed to pass through the extruder at high screw speed of 300 RPM with a torque of <10%. Specific amount of water was added to the extruder at Zones 2 and 4, adjacent to the kneading element to ensure the homogenous mixing of the excipients under high temperature. The run time for the material through the extruder was just 30–35 s, where ~10–15 mL of the hot emulsion was collected from the barrel’s discharge end. The collected emulsion was then centrifuged at 5000 rpm for 5 min to remove any debris or undissolved drug from the final nanoemulsion. The prepared nanoemulsions were analyzed for particle characteristics using DLS Zetasizer (Malvern Panalytical Ltd., Westborough, MA, USA) and drug content using UPLC, following the method described in Section 3.2 .
6
Measuring Coacervate Zeta Potentials
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Zeta potentials of coacervates were measured on a DLS-Zetasizer (Malvern). The same peptide and buffer concentrations were used for surface charge measurements as for microscopy experiments. After coacervates were formed, 1 mL sample was injected into a disposable folder capillary cell (DTS1070) and measured at 25 °C. Samples were diluted when they appeared too turbid. Three measurements per sample were taken, each consisting of 100 scans (Supplementary Fig. 12 ).
7
Dynamic Light Scattering of Nanoemulsions
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DLS
measurements were performed using a Malvern DLS/Zetasizer instrument
at the scattering angle θ = 173° and wavelength λ
= 632 nm. For that purpose, 100 μL of the nanoemulsion with
oil volume fraction fv = 1% was added
to 2 mL of DI water in a 10 mm thick polystyrene cuvette. This dilution
achieved an oil volume fraction of fv =
4.8 × 10–4. The corresponding SDS concentration
of 0.033 mM was well below the SDS CMC of 8 mM.2 (link) The size distribution f(rs) was retrieved as a function of PDMS droplet radius rs after averaging over five measurements.
measurements were performed using a Malvern DLS/Zetasizer instrument
at the scattering angle θ = 173° and wavelength λ
= 632 nm. For that purpose, 100 μL of the nanoemulsion with
oil volume fraction fv = 1% was added
to 2 mL of DI water in a 10 mm thick polystyrene cuvette. This dilution
achieved an oil volume fraction of fv =
4.8 × 10–4. The corresponding SDS concentration
of 0.033 mM was well below the SDS CMC of 8 mM.2 (link) The size distribution f(rs) was retrieved as a function of PDMS droplet radius rs after averaging over five measurements.
8
Particle Size Characterization by DLS
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The dynamic light scattering method was used for measurement of the particle size distribution and the purity of obtained fractions. Isolated particles were resuspended in filtered PBS and then the suspension was evaluated using a DLS Zetasizer (Malvern).
9
Dynamic Light Scattering Particle Analysis
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Briefly, 1 mL (5–10 mg mL−1 total protein) of samples were analyzed by dynamic light scattering (Malvern DLS ZetaSizer) to measure the size distribution and average size of the particles. For each experiment, at least three biological replicates were examined.
10
Acid-Functionalized Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes
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Acid-functionalized Single-walled carbon nanotubes (AF-SWCNTs) were prepared as described before (Sachar and Saxena, 2011 ). Briefly, SWCNTs (Sigma, Cat# 775535, > 95% carbon) (20 mg) were suspended in 20 ml concentrated H2SO4 and HNO3 (1:1) mixture and subjected to high pressure microwave (20 ± 2 psi, 50% of 900 W power, and temperature 135–150 °C) for 3 min. Suspension was cooled, diluted 2X in water, dialyzed against deionized water, and lyophilized for further use. AF-SWCNT preparations thus obtained comprised black powder easily disbursable in aqueous media and had no residual acids in it. AF-SWCNTs were characterized using Malvern DLS Zetasizer. AF-SWCNT particles had an average size of 277.06 ± 3.37 d.nm and an average zeta potential of −47.02 ± 0.69 mV. Flow BET nitrogen adsorption technique indicated a BET surface area 799.399 M2/g for AF-SWCNT preparation. Transmission electron microscopic (TEM) study (magnification-50000×) of pristine and acid functionalized SWCNTs revealed that the acid functionalization significantly reduced carbon nanotubes agglomeration without disturbing their basic structure (Supplementary Fig. S1 ). To obtain Fluorescent tagged AF-SWCNTs (FAF-SWCNTs), AF-SWCNTs were covalently tagged with fluorochrome Alexa fluor 633 as described elsewhere (Sachar and Saxena, 2011 ).
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