Ammonium phosphate

Manufactured by Merck Group

Sourced in United States, United Kingdom, Germany

Ammonium phosphate is a chemical compound that consists of ammonium ions (NH4+) and phosphate ions (PO4^3-). It is a white, crystalline solid that is commonly used as a laboratory reagent, a fertilizer, and a fire retardant. Ammonium phosphate has the chemical formula (NH4)3PO4.

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Lab products found in correlation

Hydrochloric acid (hcl), by Merck Group (4 mentions) Sodium hydroxide (naoh), by Merck Group (3 mentions) Tetrahydrofuran, by Merck Group (2 mentions) Calcium nitrate, by Merck Group (2 mentions) Ammonium hydroxide, by Merck Group (2 mentions) Phosphoric acid, by Merck Group (2 mentions) Acetonitrile, by Merck Group (2 mentions) Potassium dihydrogen phosphate, by Merck Group (1 mentions) Methanol, by Merck Group (1 mentions) Spss 20.0 for windows, by IBM (1 mentions) Magnesium sulphate, by Merck Group (1 mentions) Maldi matrix, by Bruker (1 mentions) Flexanalysis 3, by Bruker (1 mentions) Mtp 384 polished steel target plate, by Bruker (1 mentions) Trifluoroacetic acid tfa, by Merck Group (1 mentions) α cyano 4 hydroxycinnamic acid, by Bruker (1 mentions) Peptide calibration standard 2, by Bruker (1 mentions) Maldi tof mass spectrometer, by Bruker (1 mentions) Acetonitrile, by Carl Roth (1 mentions) Ammonium hydroxide, by Avantor (1 mentions)

Spelling variants of this product

Ammonium dihydrogen phosphate (25 citations) Ammonium phosphate dibasic (22 citations) Ammonium phosphate monobasic (12 citations) Sodium ammonium phosphate (7 citations) Ammonium dihydrogen phosphate (NH4H2PO4) (5 citations) Ammonium phosphate dibasic ((NH4)2HPO4) (5 citations) Ammonium hydrogen phosphate (4 citations) Ammonium hydrogen phosphate (NH4)2HPO4 (4 citations) Sodium ammonium hydrogen phosphate tetrahydrate (2 citations) Sodium ammonium phosphate tetrahydrate (2 citations)

16 protocols using ammonium phosphate

Cefuroxime Axetil Dissolution Profile Comparison

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Cefuroxime axetil was procured from Nectar Life Sciences, Ltd. India. Cefuroxime axetil 125 mg tablet brands were purchased from national and multinational companies of Pakistani market coded as Ref. A1 (Reference test brand) and A2, A3, A4 (Test brands). Hydrochloric acid, sodium hydroxide, methanol, ammonium phosphate and potassium dihydrogen phosphate all were purchased from Merck, Darmstadt, Germany.
Software used were adds in program DD solver^®, SPSS^® 20.0 for Windows (IBM SPSS Statistics Inc., Chicago, USA) and Microsoft Excel 2010^® for statistical analysis and dissolution profile comparison.

Israr F., Mahmood Z.A., Hassan F, & Hasan S.M. (2016). Pharmaceutical Evaluation of Cefuroxime Axetil Tablets Available in Drug Market of Pakistan. Indian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 78(1), 17-26.

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Lignocellulose Hydrolysate Cultivation

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Five strains were cultivated in wheat straw hydrolysate in 500-mL bioreactors (Multifors 2, Switzerland) containing 350 mL hydrolysate. For cultivation of basidiomycetes, it was necessary to add 1.7 g/L YNB (without ammonium sulphate and amino acids, Difco™, Becton Dickinson and Company, USA), 0.5 g/L magnesium sulphate (Merck) and 2 g/L ammonium phosphate (Merck). Oxygen tension was set to 20% which was regulated by stirring speed (initially set to 200 rpm) with an air flow of 0.3 L/min. Temperature was set to 25 °C and polypropylene glycol 2000 was added manually as antifoaming agent, if needed. pH was set to 6 and controlled by 5 M NaOH and 3 M H₃PO₄ Bioreactors were inoculated to an initial OD 5. In preliminary experiments, we found that a higher initial cell density provides an improved tolerance against the inhibitors in the hydrolysate, shortens the lag phases and makes the cultivations more reproducible. This is in accordance with earlier findings on bioethanol production from lignocellulose hydrolysate [48 (link)]. Samples were collected at least once a day for CDW, HPLC analysis for sugar consumption and FTIR for lipid quantification. Samples for lipid analysis were taken from the pre-culture and at the end of fermentation.

Brandenburg J., Blomqvist J., Shapaval V., Kohler A., Sampels S., Sandgren M, & Passoth V. (2021). Oleaginous yeasts respond differently to carbon sources present in lignocellulose hydrolysate. Biotechnology for Biofuels, 14, 124.

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MALDI-TOF Analysis of Endopeptidase Digests

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MS-based Endopep analysis was done in MS-positive ion reflector mode utilizing an autoflex speed matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionisation time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometer (Bruker Daltonics, Bremen, Germany) equipped with a smartbeam laser. Sample (2 µL) was mixed with 18 µL of MALDI-Matrix (5 mg/mL of α-Cyano-4hydroxycinnamic acid, Bruker Daltonics) in 0.1% trifluoroacetic acid (TFA, Sigma-Aldrich, Seelze, Germany) and 50% acetonitrile (Carl Roth, Karlsruhe, Germany) in HPLC water, 1 mM ammoniumphosphate (Merck, Darmstadt, Germany). Of this mixture 1 µL was spotted onto a MTP 384 polished steel target plate (Bruker Daltonics). For matrix suppression, deflection was set to m/z 500, mass spectra were acquired over the mass range m/z 600 to 4800. External mass calibration was performed with peptide calibration standard II (Bruker Daltonics). Each spectrum represents an average of 4,000 laser shots. Spectra were processed by flexAnalysis 3.4 software (Bruker Daltonics).

Hansbauer E.M., Skiba M., Endermann T., Weisemann J., Stern D., Dorner M.B., Finkenwirth F., Wolf J., Luginbühl W., Messelhäußer U., Bellanger L., Woudstra C., Rummel A., Fach P, & Dorner B.G. (2016). Detection, differentiation, and identification of botulinum neurotoxin serotypes C, CD, D, and DC by highly specific immunoassays and mass spectrometry. The Analyst, 141(18).

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Synthesis and Purification of MFA and Impurities

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The compound (MFA,
99%) and its impurities (copper(II) acetate (98%), CBA (98%), 2–3-dimethyl-N-phenylaniline (99%), and benzoic acid (99.5%)) were sourced
from Sigma-Aldrich. The crystallization solvents used included ethyl
acetate (99%, Alfa Aesar) and diglyme (99%, Alpha Aesar), whereas
the wash solvents used were n-heptane (99%, Alfa
Aesar) and cyclohexane (99%, Alpha Aesar).
The HPLC mobile phase
was prepared with water (HPLC grade, VWR), ammonium phosphate (98%,
Sigma-Aldrich), and ammonium hydroxide with a concentration of 3M,
acetonitrile (HPLC grade, VWR), and tetrahydrofuran (99.9%, Sigma-Aldrich).
MFA, 2,3-dimethyl-N-phenylaniline, benzoic acid,
and CBA cause serious eye damage/irritation. MFA, 2,3-dimethyl-N-phenylaniline, and CBA can cause skin irritation.
Diglyme, n-heptane, ethyl acetate, and cyclohexane
are flammable solvents. Ethyl acetate causes serious eye damage/irritation. n-heptane and cyclohexane can cause skin irritation. Diglyme
can cause damage to an unborn child and organ damage. Ethyl acetate, n-heptane, and cyclohexane can cause drowsiness/dizziness.
cyclohexane is toxic if swallowed. n-heptane and
cyclohexane are very toxic to aquatic life.

Mehta B.A., Gramadnikova E., Brown C.J., Mitchell N.A, & Ottoboni S. (2024). Integrated Filtration and Washing Modeling: Optimization of Impurity Rejection for Filtration and Washing of Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients. Organic Process Research & Development, 28(4), 1089-1101.

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Synthesis and Characterization of Nanohydroxyapatite

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Calcium nitrate (Ca(NO₃)₂·4H₂O; Sigma-Aldrich, St Louis, MO, USA) and ammonium phosphate ((NH₄)₃PO₄·3H₂O; Sigma-Aldrich) were separately dissolved in aqueous solution. The Calcium nitrate solution was dropped slowly into the ammonium phosphate solution while the solution was stirred and heated to 70°C. The pH value of the solution was maintained between 10 and 12 by adding ammonium hydroxide (NH₄OH; Sigma-Aldrich). The chemical reaction formula was:

\begin{array}{l} 10 Ca {({NO}_{3})}_{2} + 6 {({NH}_{4})}_{3} {PO}_{4} \\ + 2 {NH}_{4} OH \overset{pH > 10}{\to} {Ca}_{10} {({PO}_{4})}_{6} {(OH)}_{2} \\ + 20 {NH}_{4} {NO}_{3} \end{array}

When the reaction ended, nHA precipitate was obtained and thoroughly washed with deionized water, after which dimethylformamide (DMF; Sigma-Aldrich) was added gradually. The water in the precipitate solution was removed above 100°C; thus, the solvent became essentially DMF. Finally, the temperature was increased to 120°C and held for 2 hours. This procedure produced nHA, which was finally dried at 100°C for 12 hours to obtain nHA powder. The size and morphology of the nHA particles were characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) using a JEM-100CX transmission electron microscope (JEOL, Tokyo, Japan).

Ma R., Tang S., Tan H., Lin W., Wang Y., Wei J., Zhao L, & Tang T. (2014). Preparation, characterization, and in vitro osteoblast functions of a nano-hydroxyapatite/polyetheretherketone biocomposite as orthopedic implant material. International Journal of Nanomedicine, 9, 3949-3961.

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Synthesis of Nanocrystalline Hydroxyapatite

Cited 1 time

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A wet chemistry plus hydrothermal treatment method was used to synthesize nHA with good crystallinity and nanometer particle size as described in our previous papers^{32 (link)–36 (link)}. Briefly, 37.5 mL of a 0.6 M ammonium phosphate (Sigma Aldrich, St. Louis, MO) solution was added to 375 mL of water and adjusted to pH 10 with ammonium hydroxide (Fisher Scientific, Pittsburgh, PA). A 1 M calcium nitrate (Sigma Aldrich, St. Louis, MO) solution added dropwise into the above mixture while stirring. Precipitation of HA continued for 10 min at room temperature. Upon complete addition of calcium nitrate, the HA precipitate containing solution was hydrothermally treated at 200 °C for 20 h in a 125 mL Teflon liner (Parr Instrument Company, Moline, IL). After 20 h, the nHA precipitate was centrifuged and rinsed thoroughly with water three times, dried at 80 °C for 12 h and ground into a fine powder.

Castro N.J., O’Brien J, & Zhang L.G. (2015). Integrating Biologically Inspired Nanomaterials and Table-top Stereolithography for 3D Printed Biomimetic Osteochondral Scaffolds. Nanoscale, 7(33), 14010-14022.

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Characterization of Pharmaceutical Compounds

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Albendazole (Figure 1) was acquired from Sigma-Aldrich (Shanghai, China), tadalafil (Figure 1) from AK Scientific (Union City, CA, USA) and ketoconazole (Figure 1) from Fagron Nordic (Copenhagen, Denmark). Polyvinylpyrrolidone K15, K30 and K60 were acquired from Sigma-Aldrich (Shanghai, China) and polyvinylpyrrolidone K120 from Ashland (Texas City, TX, USA). Di-sodium hydrogen phosphate dihydrate, sodium dihydrogen phosphate monohydrate, hydrochloric acid (HCl), sodium hydroxide (NaOH), di-ammonium hydrogen phosphate, sodium sulfate, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and acetonitrile were all acquired from Merck (Darmstadt, Germany). Ammonium phosphate and phosphoric acid were acquired from Sigma-Aldrich (Buchs, Switzerland). The materials were used as received.

Odeh A.B., El-Sayed B., Knopp M.M., Rades T, & Blaabjerg L.I. (2023). Influence of Polyvinylpyrrolidone Molecular Weight and Concentration on the Precipitation Inhibition of Supersaturated Solutions of Poorly Soluble Drugs. Pharmaceutics, 15(6), 1601.

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Synthesis of Titanium-Based Nanomaterials

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Ammonium phosphate, titanium diisopropoxide, sodium hydroxide, ammonium hydroxide, absolute ethanol and urea were purchased from Sigma Aldrich, all were high purity reagents.

Zaki A.H., Shalan A.E., El-Shafeay A., Gadelhak Y.M., Ahmed E., Abdel-Salam M.O., Sobhi M, & El-dek S.I. (2020). Acceleration of ammonium phosphate hydrolysis using TiO2 microspheres as a catalyst for hydrogen production. Nanoscale Advances, 2(5), 2080-2086.

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Comparison of Phosphate Binders in Aqueous Solutions

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Phosphate binders used are shown in Table 1. The abbrevations used are calcium carbonate (CC) lanthanum carbonatehydrate (LA) calcium acetate/magnesium carbonate (CA/MC), sucroferric-oxyhydroxide (SOH) and sevelamer carbonate (SC). Ammonium phosphate from Sigma-Aldrich Co. (St. Louis, USA) was used for phosphate solutions. Ammonia 25% and hydrochloric acid 37% were purchased from Merck (Darmstadt, Germany) and BDH (Fontenay-sous-Bois, France) respectively and used to modulate pH of the medium. A Purelab Flex water purification device of Elga Labwater Global Operations/Veolia Water Solutions & Technologies (United Kingdom) provided purified water for the phosphate solutions and pH media.Table 1

Different phosphate binders, manufacturer and the city and country of origin

Phosphate binder	Manufacturer	City, Country
Lanthanum carbonatehydrate (FosrenolR 750 mg sachets)	Shire Pharmaceutical	Basingstoke, United Kingdom
Calcium acetate/magnesium carbonate (OsvarenR 435 mg/235 mg film-coated tablets)	Fresenius Medical Care Nephrologica	Bad Homburg, Germany
Sevelamer carbonate (RenvelaR 2,4 g sachets)	Sanofi Europe B.V.	Naarden, Netherlands
Calcium carbonate (500 mg chewing tablets)	Fagron BV	Uitgeest, Netherlands
sucroferric-oxyhydroxide (VelphoroR 500 mg chewing tablets)	Vifor Fresenius Medical Care; Renal Pharma France	Neuilly-sur-Seine, France

Neradova A., Schumacher S.P., Hubeek I., Lux P., Schurgers L.J, & Vervloet M.G. (2017). Phosphate binders affect vitamin K concentration by undesired binding, an in vitro study. BMC Nephrology, 18, 149.

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LCMS/QTOF Analysis of Compounds

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Analytical grade acetonitrile (ACN), (Fisher Scientific, Loughborough, Leicestershire, UK), formic acid and ammonium phosphate (Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA, respectively) and deionized water (Milli-Q) (Millipore, Billerica, MA, USA) were used for LCMS/QTOF analysis.

Amir Hashim N.A., Ab-Rahim S., Wan Ngah W.Z., Nathan S., Ab Mutalib N.S., Sagap I., A. Jamal A.R, & Mazlan M. (2020). Global metabolomics profiling of colorectal cancer in Malaysian patients. BioImpacts : BI, 11(1), 33-43.

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