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4 protocols using ab16054

1

Western Blot Analysis of Protein Targets

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Protein lysates were broiled for 5 min at 95 °C in SDS protein buffer (5 × laemmli sample buffer, Thermo Fisher Scientific) and separated by sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) following transfer to a polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) membrane (both Roth, Karlsruhe, Germany). Primary antibodies against Glo-I (SC-133214), NF-ĸB (p65 subunit, mouse, anti-mouse, -rat, -human, monoclonal SC-8008, Santa-Cruz), RAGE (SC-365154), β-Actin (mouse, anti-mouse, -rat, -human and other, C-15, A5441, Sigma-Aldrich), PPIB (anti-cyclophilin-B, rabbit, anti-mouse, polyclonal, ab16054, abcam, Cambridge, United Kingdom) and Vinculin (mouse, anti-human, -mouse, -rat, -avian, monoclonal, SC-73614, Santa-Cruz) were used. Vinculin was used as a housekeeping marker for Western blot as it was not influenced by CN (Supplementary Figure S4). Secondary antibodies were anti-mouse (goat, anti-mouse, polyclonal 1858413) and anti-rabbit (goat, anti-rabbit, 1858415, polyclonal, both Pierce/Thermo Fisher Scientific). Western blot lanes were quantified using an imager (G-Box Chemie XX9, Syngene, Cambridge, UK). Signals were normalized to their respective loading controls using ImageJ Software (v. 1.48, http://imagej.nih.gov, accessed on 13 August 2021) and GeneTools (Syngene, Frederick, ML, USA)
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2

Protein Expression Analysis of Schwannoma Tissue

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The total protein extracted from the schwannoma samples was used for western blot analysis. Tumor tissue was homogenized in tissue protein extraction reagent buffer (Pierce Biotechnology, Inc., Rockford, IL, USA) containing a protease inhibitor cocktail (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, MA, USA) to avoid protein degradation and was solubilized using a 2× SDS-PAGE sample buffer. Samples were subjected to 4–12% SDS-PAGE and transferred onto nitrocellulose membranes (Bio-Rad Laboratories, Inc., Hercules, CA, USA). Subsequent to blocking with 0.1% Tween 20 in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) containing 3% bovine serum albumin (BSA; Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA) the membranes were incubated with specific rabbit polyclonal primary antibodies against noggin (ab16054; Abcam PLC, Cambridge, UK) or β-actin (Cell Signaling Technology, Inc., Beverly, MA, USA). Membranes were subsequently incubated with horseradish peroxidase-conjugated secondary antibodies (GE Healthcare, Little Chalfont, UK) and enhanced chemiluminescence reagents (GE Healthcare).
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Protein Expression Analysis of Bone Tissue

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Bone tissue sample were ground with liquid nitrogen and then mixed with RIPA lysate solution. After sufficient lysis, the mixture was centrifuged for 10 min, and the supernatant was collected. Measure the protein concentration using the BCA kit (KeyGEN Bio TECH, China). Then, 5 × SDS loading buffer was added to the extracted proteins, which were subsequently heated in a boiling water bath for 5 min. Equal amounts of protein lysates were separated by 10% SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) and transferred onto polyvinylidene difluoride membranes. The membranes were incubated overnight at 4 °C with anti-VEGF (1:1000, Boster, BA0407), anti-Notch1 (1:1000, Abcam, ab52627) and anti-Noggin antibodies (1:1000, Abcam, ab16054). After washing with TBST buffer, horseradish peroxidase-labeled Goat Anti-rabbit (ZSGB-Bio, ZB2301) and Anti-Mouse (ZSGB-Bio, ZB2305) antibodies, diluted at 1:5000, were added and incubated for 1 h at room temperature. The membrane was then treated with an appropriate amount of ECL luminescent liquid (Beijing Dingguo Changsheng Biotechnology Co., Ltd., China) and imaged using an integrated chemiluminescence instrument (ChemiScope 5300 Pro).
(We have provided an unprocessed original version of the Western blot experimental images in Additional file 1.)
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4

Immunophenotyping of Neuronal Differentiation

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iPSCs derived from Ctrl and db/db MEFs were trypsinized using 0.05% trypsin-EDTA. Single cells were stained for Mito-GFP dye with proper isotype controls using methods described previously (Gupta et al., 2015 ). For neuronal marker staining, cells were harvested and fixed in 4% paraformaldehyde for 15 min at room temperature. Cells were then spun and washed with cold fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) buffer (5% FBS in PBS). Permeabilization and blocking was carried out on ice for 30 min in FACS buffer with 0.1% Triton X-100. Antibody staining was performed on ice for 30 min using chicken anti-NESTIN (1:100, NB100-1604; Novus Biologicals), rabbit anti-NOGGIN (1:50, ab-16054, Abcam) followed by incubation with secondary antibody (anti-chicken Alexa 488 and anti-rabbit Alexa 594; 1:1,000, Invitrogen) for 30 min on ice. Cells were washed and resuspended in 250 μL FACS buffer and filtered through a 30-μm filter before analysis by LSR II (BD Biosciences, Joslin Flow Cytometry Core). Gating was determined according to the secondary-only controls.
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