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P70 s6 kinase p70s6k

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P70 S6 Kinase (p70S6K) is a serine/threonine protein kinase that plays a key role in the regulation of cell growth, proliferation, and protein synthesis. It is a downstream effector of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway and is involved in the phosphorylation of the ribosomal protein S6, which is important for the initiation of protein translation.

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5 protocols using p70 s6 kinase p70s6k

1

Rhein Modulates PI3K/Akt/mTOR Pathway

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Rhein (purity: >98% assessed by HPLC) was purchased from Harvey Biotech Co., Ltd. (Beijing, China). For in vitro experiments, rhein was dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO). CNBr Sepharose 4B beads were obtained from GE Healthcare (Piscataway, NJ, USA). The primary antibodies PI3K, p-Akt, Akt, p-mTOR, mTOR, cleaved caspase3, p53, p-p53, Bax, p70 S6 Kinase (p70S6K), p-p70 S6 Kinase (p-p70S6K), cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) 2, cyclin D1, cyclin E1, E-cadherin, N-cadherin, Heat shock protein 90 (HSP90), 4EBP1, and p-4EBP1 were purchased from Cell Signaling Technology (Beverly, MA, USA). β-Actin, Heat shock factor 1 (HSF1), and cyclin A1 were purchased from Santa Cruz Biotechnology (Santa Cruz, CA, USA). Ki-67 and vimentin were purchased from Abcam (Cambridge, MA, USA).
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2

Protein Expression Analysis by Western Blot

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The protein content in each sample was determined using a BCA protein assay (Pierce Biotechnology). Proteins were fractionated by SDS-PAGE, transferred onto Hybond enhanced chemiluminescence nitrocellulose membranes (Amersham, Little Chalfont), and probed with antibodies against HIF-1α (Novus Biologicals, Littleton, CO), VEGF (Novus Biologicals), the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) (Cell Signaling, Danvers, MA, USA), phospho-mTOR (Cell Signaling), AKT (Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Inc. Santa Cruz, CA, USA), phospho-AKT (Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Inc.), p70 S6 kinase (p70S6K) (Cell Signaling), phospho-p70S6K (Cell Signaling), or monoclonal antibodies against β-actin (AC-15, Sigma Aldrich). Horseradish peroxidase-conjugated goat anti-mouse IgG or anti-rabbit IgG (Jackson, West Grove, PA, USA) was used as the secondary antibody, and protein-antibody complexes were visualized by an enhanced chemiluminescence system (Amersham). The signals were quantified with ImageJ software (rsbweb.nih.gov/ij/) [39 (link)].
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3

Inhibition of PDGF-induced signaling

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Telmisartan, losartan, and 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) were purchased from Cayman Chemicals (Ann Arbor, MI, USA). Fimasartan was a kind gift from Boryung Pharmaceuticals (Seoul, Korea). GW9662 and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). Compound C was purchased from Calbiochem (Darmstadt, Germany). Recombinant rat platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-BB protein was purchased from Novus Biologicals (Centennial, CO, USA). Antibodies against mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), p-mTOR-Ser2448, p70 S6 kinase (p70S6K), p-p70S6K-Thr389, AMPK, p-AMPK-Thr172, acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC), and p-ACC-Ser79 were purchased from Cell Signaling Technology (Beverly, MA, USA). Antibody against β-actin was purchased from Sigma-Aldrich. Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium (DMEM) was obtained from Fisher Scientific (Ottawa, Canada). Dulbecco's phosphate-buffered saline (DPBS), fetal bovine serum (FBS), penicillin and streptomycin antibiotics, trypsin–EDTA solution, and plasticware for cell culture were purchased from Gibco-BRL (Gaithersburg, MD, USA). All other chemicals used were of the purest analytical grade available.
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4

Western Blot Analysis of Autophagy Markers

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The protein sample concentration was measured by Bicinchoninic Acid Protein Assay (ThermoFisher, Waltham, MA, USA). Proteins were subjected to SDS-PAGE separation, and the separated proteins were transferred to PVDF membrane (Pall Corporation, East Hills, NY, USA). The membrane was blocked with primary antibodies p62 (Novus Biologicals, Littleton, CO, USA), LC3 (Novus Biologicals), beclin-1 (Novus Biologicals), p70S6 kinase (p70S6K) (Cell Signaling, Danvers, MA, USA), AKT (Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Inc. Santa Cruz, CA, USA), mTOR (Cell Signaling), phosphor-AKT (Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Inc.), phosphor-mTOR (Cell Signaling), phosphor-p70S6K (Cell Signaling) or monoclonal antibodies against b-actin (AC-15, Sigma Aldrich). Horseradish peroxidase-conjugated goat anti-mouse IgG or anti-rabbit IgG (Jackson, West Grove, PA, USA) was used as the secondary antibody and protein-antibody complexes were visualized by enhanced chemiluminescence system (Amersham). The signals were quantified with ImageJ software (rsbweb.nih.gov/ij).
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5

Western Blot Profiling of Metabolic Regulators

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The following primary antibodies were used for western blotting: protein kinase B (Akt) (9272; Cell Signaling Technology), p‐Akt (#4060S; Cell Signaling Technology), mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) (#2983; Cell Signaling Technology), p‐mTOR (#2971; Cell Signaling Technology), p70 S6 kinase (p70S6 K) (#9202; Cell Signaling Technology), p‐p70S6 K (#9205; Cell Signaling Technology), 4E‐binding protein 1 (4E‐BP1) (#9452; Cell Signaling Technology), p‐4E‐BP1 (#9459; Cell Signaling Technology), S6 ribosomal protein (S6) (#2217; Cell Signaling Technology), p‐S6 (#4858S; Cell Signaling Technology), glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK3β) (#12456; Cell Signaling Technology, Danvers, MA, USA),p‐GSK3β (#5558; Cell Signaling Technology), hypoxia inducible factor 1‐α (HIF‐1α) (NB100‐105; Novus Biologicals), hexokinase (HK) (sc‐374091; Santa Cruz), phosphofructkinase (PFK) (sc‐97025, Santa Cruz), monocarboxylate transporter 1 (MCT1) (QUIAGEN), MCT4 (Quiagen), and oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) (ab110413; Abcam).
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