A0231

Western blot was performed as previously described (Li et al., 2020 (link)). The primary antibodies used in this study included CPLA_2α (1:1000, SC-438, Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Dallas, TX), phosphorylated CPLA_2α (1:1000), TNC (1:1000), SPARC (1:1000), α-SMA (1:1000, 19,245T, Cell Signaling Technology), COX-2 (1:1000, 12,282T, Cell Signaling Technology), PGIS (1:1000, 100023, Cayman Chemical), PPARδ (1:1000, ab178866, Abcam), BMP2 (1:1000, A0231, Abclonal, Wuhan, China), WNT4 (1:1000, sc-376279, Santa Cruz Biotechnology), E2F8 (1:1000, A1135, Abclonal), CYCLIN D3 (1:1000, 2936T, Cell Signaling Technology), TUBULIN (1:1000, 2144 S, Cell Signaling Technology), GAPDH (1:1000, sc-32233, Santa Cruz Biotechnology). After the membranes were incubated with an HRP-conjugated secondary antibody (1:5000, Invitrogen) for 1 hr, the signals were detected with an ECL Chemiluminescent Kit (Millipore, USA). Each experiment was repeated at least three times.

All procedures were performed as described previously [27 (link)]. The primary antibodies against BMP2 (A0231) and β-actin (AC026) were purchased from ABclonal Biotechnology Co., Ltd. (China), and the secondary goat anti-rabbit antibody (BA1055) was procured from Boster Biotechnology Co., Ltd. (China). The pictures were captured and analyzed on the ChemiDoc Touch Imaging System (Bio-Rad, USA). Three independent experiments were conducted.