Irgacure 2959

Manufactured by Merck Group

Sourced in United States, Germany, China, United Kingdom, Italy

Irgacure 2959 is a photoinitiator used in various photopolymerization processes. It is a colorless to pale yellow crystalline solid that absorbs light in the ultraviolet and visible spectrum, enabling the initiation of free radical polymerization reactions when exposed to appropriate wavelengths of light.

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Lab products found in correlation

Methacrylic anhydride, by Merck Group (18 mentions) Acrylamide, by Merck Group (7 mentions) Pegda, by Merck Group (6 mentions) Penicillin streptomycin, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (6 mentions) Glycosil, by Advanced BioMatrix (5 mentions) Gelatin, by Merck Group (5 mentions) 2 hydroxy 4 2 hydroxyethoxy 2 methylpropiophenone, by Merck Group (5 mentions) Ma col, by Advanced BioMatrix (4 mentions) Acetic acid, by Merck Group (4 mentions) Sodium hydroxide (naoh), by Thermo Fisher Scientific (4 mentions) Live dead viability cytotoxicity kit, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (4 mentions) Omnicure s1500 uv spot curing system, by Excelitas (3 mentions) Gelma, by Merck Group (3 mentions) Chitosan, by Merck Group (3 mentions) Triethylamine, by Merck Group (3 mentions) 4 arm ac peg, by Laysan Bio (3 mentions) Gcrdvpmsmrggdrcg, by GenScript (3 mentions) Dithiothreitol (dtt), by Merck Group (3 mentions) Bis acrylamide, by Merck Group (3 mentions) Surfasil, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (3 mentions)

Close spelling variants of this product

2-Hydroxy-4′-(2-hydroxyethoxy)-2-methylpropiophenone (Irgacure 2959) (23 citations) Irgacure 2959 photoinitiator (6 citations) Irgacure D-2959 (4 citations) 2-Hydroxy-1-(4-(hydroxyethoxy) phenyl)-2-methyl-1-propanone (Irgacure 2959), (3 citations) 2-Hydroxy-4′-(2-hydroxyethoxy)-2-methylpropiophenone (Irgacure D-2959), (2 citations) Irgacure 2959 (PI) (2 citations) 2-hydroxy-1-[4-(2-hydroxyethoxy) phenyl]-2-methyl-1-propanone (Irgacure D-2959), (2 citations)

153 protocols using irgacure 2959

PEG Hydrogel Fabrication via UV Photopolymerization

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Polyethylene glycol (PEG) hydrogels were prepared by mixing a photoinitiator
(Irgacure 2959, Sigma-Aldrich) with a 4-Arm PEG-Acrylate (molecular
weight: 10 kDa, Creative PEGWorks) solution. Hydrogel scaffolds were
manufactured by photopolymerization of a solution comprising concentrations
of 10% (w/v) PEG and 0.05% w/v Irgacure 2959 in phosphate-buffered
saline (PBS, Sigma-Aldrich). The mixed solution was poured into a
sample holder for irradiation with UV light (320–390 nm, 5
mW/cm² with 200 s exposure to achieve the polymerization
throughout the gel).

Cui H., Glidle A, & Cooper J.M. (2022). Tracking Molecular Diffusion across Biomaterials’ Interfaces Using Stimulated Raman Scattering. ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, 14(28), 31586-31593.

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Fabrication of Tunable Collagen-HA Hydrogels

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Methacrylated collagen (collagen‐MA) was purchased from Advanced Biomatrix. Methacrylated hyaluronic acid (HA‐MA) was synthesized following previously reported methods^[³⁷^] and dissolved in 10 mm HEPES buffer containing 150 mm NaCl at 20 mg mL⁻¹. Irgacure 2959 (MilliporeSigma) was dissolved in methanol at 100 mg mL⁻¹. Soft and stiff hydrogels were prepared by mixing collagen‐MA (2.5 to 6 mg mL⁻¹) and methacrylated hyaluronic acid (0 to 1 mg mL⁻¹) at various densities. To provide chemically crosslinked networks through methacrylate groups, 1.9 mg mL⁻¹ of Irgacure 2959 (MilliporeSigma) was added only to the stiff hydrogel mixtures. For the soft hydrogels, the same volume of HEPES buffer and methanol was added to the hydrogel mixture as in the stiff hydrogel condition. The mixture of collagen‐MA, HA‐MA, and Irgacure solution was neutralized to pH 7.4 using neutralization solution (Advanced Biomatrix), and hydrogels were allowed to polymerize at 37 °C for 30 min. After gelation, all hydrogels were exposed to UV light for 300 s.

Hemmati F., Akinpelu A., Song J., Amiri F., McDaniel A., McMurray C., Afthinos A., Andreadis S.T., Aitken A.V., Biancardi V.C., Gerecht S, & Mistriotis P. (2023). Downregulation of YAP Activity Restricts P53 Hyperactivation to Promote Cell Survival in Confinement. Advanced Science, 10(23), 2302228.

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Hydrogel Scaffold Fabrication for Tissue Engineering

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Methacrylate-conjugated bovine collagen type I (MA-COL; Advanced BioMatrix, Carlsbad, CA, USA) was reconstituted in sterile 20 mM acetic acid to achieve 6 mg/ml. Immediately prior to use, 1 ml MA-COL was neutralized with 85 μl neutralization buffer (Advanced BioMatrix) according to the manufacturer’s instructions. Thiol-conjugated hyaluronic acid (SH-HA; Glycosil^®; Advanced BioMatrix) was reconstituted in sterile diH2O containing 0.5% (w/v) photoinitiator (4-(2-hydroxyethoxy) phenyl-(2-propyl) ketone; Irgacure^® 2959; Sigma-Aldrich) to achieve 10 mg/ml according to the manufacturer’s protocol. In-house expressed ELP (SH-ELP; thiol via KCTS flanks ^{46 (link),51 (link)}) was reconstituted in chilled DPBS to achieve 10 mg/ml and sterilized using a 0.2 μm syringe filter in the cold.

Gonzalez-Cadavid N.F., Taylor W.E., Yarasheski K., Sinha-Hikim I., Ma K., Ezzat S., Shen R., Lalani R., Asa S., Mamita M., Nair G., Arver S, & Bhasin S. (1998). Organization of the human myostatin gene and expression in healthy men and HIV-infected men with muscle wasting. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 95(25), 14938-14943.

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Synthesis and in vivo evaluation of silver nanoparticles

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Silver nanoparticles (99.5%, 60–120 nm), N-acryloyl glycinamide monomer (98%), and photoinitiator Irgacure 2959® were bought from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA) and used without further purification. All other reagents were analytically pure or higher and used as received. The 8–12-week-old male Sprague-Dawley rats were provided by the animal management department of Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University. All animal experiments were performed under the approval of the Animal Investigation Ethics Committee of the Jinling Hospital, and the guidelines of the Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals were strictly followed.

Hong Z., Wu L., Zhang Z., Zhang J., Ren H., Wang G., Wu X., Gu G, & Ren J. (2023). Self-Healing Supramolecular Hydrogels with Antibacterial Abilities for Wound Healing. Journal of Healthcare Engineering, 2023, 7109766.

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Carboxylated CNF-GGM Hydrogel Synthesis

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CNF dispersion (matter
loading of 1.0 wt %, surface charge originated from carboxylic groups
of 1.14 ± 0.07 mmol/g) was produced from spruce dissolving pulp
(hemicellulose content 4.9%) according to Liu et al.^{14 (link)} The CNFs were processed from softwood pulp by TEMPO/NaClO/NaBr
oxidation followed by high-pressure homogenization. GGMs with M_n of 9 kDa were obtained with hot water extraction
as previously reported by Xu et al.⁴⁶ The
chemical composition of GGM was analyzed by gas chromatography according
to the method mentioned in ref (47 (link)) and shown in Table S1. Methacrylic
anhydride and Irgacure 2959 were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich.

Xu W., Zhang X., Yang P., Långvik O., Wang X., Zhang Y., Cheng F., Österberg M., Willför S, & Xu C. (2019). Surface Engineered Biomimetic Inks Based on UV Cross-Linkable Wood Biopolymers for 3D Printing. ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, 11(13), 12389-12400.

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Basement Membrane Hydrogel Synthesis

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Basement membrane–conjugated polyacrylamide hydrogels were prepared as previously described (Lakins, Methods Mol. Biol.916, 317–350 (2012) with one modification: n-succinimidyl acrylamidohexanoic acid crosslinker was conjugated to polyacrylamide substrates using 0.01% bisacrylamide, 0.025% Irgacure 2959 0.002% Di(trimethylolpropane) tetracrylate (Sigma) and 0.01% n-succinimidyl acrylamidohexanoic acid.

Laklai H., Miroshnikova Y.A., Pickup M.W., Collisson E.A., Kim G.E., Barrett A.S., Hill R.C., Lakins J.N., Schlaepfer D.D., Mouw J.K., LeBleu V.S., Roy N., Novitskiy S.V., Johansen J.S., Poli V., Kalluri R., Iacobuzio-Donahue C.A., Wood L.D., Hebrok M., Hansen K., Moses H.L, & Weaver V.M. (2016). Genotype tunes pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma tissue tension to induce matricellular-fibrosis and tumor progression. Nature medicine, 22(5), 497-505.

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Synthesis and Characterization of Polymer Electrolytes

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All chemicals, if not specified otherwise, were used as received without further purification. Poly (2,6-dimethyl-1,4-phenyleneoxide) (PPO) (M_n = 20,000, Đ = 2.5) was purchased from Polysciences Inc. and dried under vacuum at 60 °C overnight before use. M ethanol (99.9%), ethanol (99.9%) and chloroform (99.8%) were purchased from Fisher Scientific. N-Bromosuccinimide (NBS) (99%), 2,2′-azobis(2-methylpropionitrile) (AIBN) (98%), tetrahydrofuran (THF, ACS, >99%), diethyl ether (>99%), chloroform-d (CDCl₃-d, 99.9% D), Irgacure^® 2959, D₂O (99.9% D) and 1,2-dichloroethane (99.8%) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany). Dimethyl sulfoxide-d₆ (DMSO-d₆, 99.9%), N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP, reagent grade) were supplied from Acros Organics. Chlorobenzene (ACS reagent, ≥99.5%), diallymethylamine (97%) and piperidine (≥99%) were bought from ABCR GmbH. Allyl bromide (98%) and allyl chloride (98%) were bought from Alfa Aesar. The electrolytes MV and TMA-TEMPO were provided by JenaBatteries GmbH (Jena, Germany). FAA-3-50^® was purchased from Fumatech BWT GmbH (Bietigheim-Bissingen, Germany).

Tsehaye M.T., Yang X., Janoschka T., Hager M.D., Schubert U.S., Alloin F, & Iojoiu C. (2021). Study of Anion Exchange Membrane Properties Incorporating N-spirocyclic Quaternary Ammonium Cations and Aqueous Organic Redox Flow Battery Performance. Membranes, 11(5), 367.

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Encapsulation of hMSCs in GelMA Hydrogel

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A GelMA solution was prepared, as described above. A cell suspension composed of 1 × 10⁶ hMSCs mL⁻¹ in media was mixed with the prepared GelMA solution. Then, 5 mg mL⁻¹ of photoinitiator (2-hydroxy-4′-(2-hydroxyethoxy)-2-methylpropiophenone (Irgacure 2959; Sigma-Aldrich)) in PBS was added to the mixture.

Choi E., Kim D., Kang D., Yang G.H., Jung B., Yeo M., Park M.J., An S., Lee K., Kim J.S., Kim J.C., Jeong W., Yoo H.H, & Jeon H. (2021). 3D-printed gelatin methacrylate (GelMA)/silanated silica scaffold assisted by two-stage cooling system for hard tissue regeneration. Regenerative Biomaterials, 8(2), rbab001.

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Photopolymerized Collagen-Crosslinked Hydrogel

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MeHA was dissolved at 3% in 0.2 M triethanolamine (Sigma-Aldrich, T58300) and phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) solution. Irgacure 2959 (Sigma-Aldrich, 410896), the ultraviolet-light-activated free radical donor, was initially dissolved at 10% in 100% ethanol and then diluted to 0.02% in the MeHA solution. Next, 10 μl of the hydrogel solution was sandwiched between a 12-mm diameter methacrylated glass coverslip to permit hydrogel binding and a nonadherent dichlorodimethylsilane (Acros Organics, AC11331)-activated glass slide to achieve easy detachment and photopolymerized using a transilluminator (4 mW cm⁻², UVP) emitting 350 nm wavelength ultraviolet light. Methacrylation of glass coverslips was achieved by first oxidizing the surface through ultraviolet light-ozone exposure (BioForce Nanosciences) followed by functionalization with 20 mM 3-(trimethoxysilyl)propyl methacrylate (Sigma-Aldrich, 440159) in ethanol. Proteins for cell attachment were added by mixing 20 mM 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide (ProteoChem, c1100), 50 mM N-hydroxysuccinimide (Alfa Aesar, A10312) and 150 μg ml⁻¹ type I rat tail collagen (Corning, 354236) dissolved in PBS. The collagen-crosslinking solution was added to the hydrogel and incubated overnight at 37 °C.

Kumar A., Thomas S.K., Wong K.C., Lo Sardo V., Cheah D.S., Hou Y.H., Placone J.K., Tenerelli K.P., Ferguson W.C., Torkamani A., Topol E.J., Baldwin K.K, & Engler A.J. (2019). Mechanical activation of noncoding-RNA-mediated regulation of disease-associated phenotypes in human cardiomyocytes. Nature biomedical engineering, 3(2), 137-146.

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Hydrogel Biomaterial Synthesis and Characterization

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HA (Ophthalmic grade, 800–1000 kDa, Bioiberica, Barcelona, Spain) and Ch with a degree of deacetylation of 90% (Medical grade, M_w: 200–500 kDa, Altakitin SA, Lisboa, Portugal) were used as received. Methacrylic anhydride (MA), poly (ethylene glycol) dimethacrylate (PEGDMA, M_n: 8000 Da) and the photoinitiator Irgacure 2959 were purchased from Sigma Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA) and used as received. G₁Phy was prepared as previously described by Ana Mora-Boza et al. [24 (link)], using phytic acid and glycerol from Sigma Aldrich. Solvents as isopropanol (Scharlau, Barcelona, Spain) and ethanol (BDH Chemicals, Philadelphia, PA, USA) were used as received. Dialysis membranes (3500 Da cut off) were purchased from Spectrum^® (Columbia, MO, USA). Additional reagents such as phosphate buffered saline (PBS), calcium chloride, nitric acid 65% (v/v), acetic acid (AA) and sodium hydroxide were purchased from Thermo Fisher Scientific Corporation (Waltham, MA, USA). Tris hydrochloride, 1 M solution (pH 7.5/Mol. Biol.) was purchase from Fisher BioReagents (Waltham, MA, USA).

Mora-Boza A., López-Ruiz E., López-Donaire M.L., Jiménez G., Aguilar M.R., Marchal J.A., Pedraz J.L., Vázquez-Lasa B., Román J.S, & Gálvez-Martín P. (2020). Evaluation of Glycerylphytate Crosslinked Semi- and Interpenetrated Polymer Membranes of Hyaluronic Acid and Chitosan for Tissue Engineering. Polymers, 12(11), 2661.

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