Biospin e500 esr spectrometer

(i)

Dynamic ESR spectra in the solution state.

ESR spectra were recorded on a Bruker BioSpin E500 ESR spectrometer with a 100-KHz magnetic field. The dynamic ESR spectra of the saturated solution (55 mg of NDI in 10 ml of DMA) were recorded upon irradiation using a 300-W xenon lamp for 50 seconds at 10-second intervals.(ii)

Dynamic ESR spectra in the solid state with photo irradiation.

The solid-state crystalline sample of DMA-NDI for dynamic photo irradiation ESR measurement was prepared by putting the sample in the ESR glass tube. The glass tube was sealed in a glove box under N₂ atmosphere and then placed on the EPR resonator. The in situ dynamic ESR spectra of the sample were recorded by irradiating using a 300-W xenon lamp for 14 minutes at 2-minute intervals.(iii)

Dynamic ESR spectra in the solid state with variable temperature.

The solid-state single-crystal sample of DMA-NDI for variable-temperature EPR measurement was performed by putting the single crystals in the EPR glass tube. The glass tube was sealed in a glove box under N₂ atmosphere and then placed on the EPR resonator. The in situ dynamic ESR spectra of the sample were recorded by controlling the temperature from 100 K to 400 K.

Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) experiment was performed on a Mettler Toledo TGA/DSC 1 STAR system instrument at a heating rate of 5°C/min under nitrogen atmosphere. PXDR measurements were recorded on a Rigaku Miniflex 600 X-ray diffractometer using Cu-K_α radiation. Elemental analyses for C, H, and N were obtained on Elementer Vario EL cube. FT-IR spectra were measured using a Thermo Nicolet is 50 FT-IR spectrophotometer. UV-vis absorption and diffuse reflectance spectra were recorded on a PerkinElmer Lambda-950 UV/Vis/NIR spectrophotometer. For diffuse reflectance, spectra were recorded with an integrating sphere. ESR spectra were recorded on a Bruker BioSpin E500 ESR spectrometer with a 100-KHz magnetic field. Ahigh-power xenon light source was used for stimulated sunlight with MICROSOLAR300.