STEM/EDS (JEOL
ARM200F equipped with ASCOR probe corrector, Oxford X-Max 100TLE, at 200 kV), XPS (Axis Ultra DLD monochromatic Al Kα), x-ray diffraction (XRD; Bruker D8), ICP-OES (Perkin Elmer 5300DV), NMR (Bruker
AV300), gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (MS) (Agilent 5975 C inert MSD with triple-axis detector), MS (Bruker
MicroTOF-QII), electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) (Jeol FA200), Raman (Horiba Jobin Yvon), TPD (Quantachrome chemBET pulsar), AFM (Dimension Fast Scan), BET (Quantachrome Autosorb-iQ), and Fourier transform infrared (Varian 3100). XANES and EXAFS: 150 mg of sample was first ground into fine powder using a mortar and pestle before being pressed into a 10-mm pellet. Measurements were carried out at Singapore Synchrotron Light Source, x-ray absorption fine structure for catalysis beamline in fluorescence mode (
43 (
link)). Data analysis and simulation were carried out on Athena and Artemis (version 0.9.26) (
44 (
link)). Details on NMR spectra and single-crystal XRD data can be found in the Supplementary Materials.
Liu C., Chen Z., Yan H., Xi S., Yam K.M., Gao J., Du Y., Li J., Zhao X., Xie K., Xu H., Li X., Leng K., Pennycook S.J., Liu B., Zhang C., Koh M.J, & Loh K.P. (2019). Expedient synthesis of E-hydrazone esters and 1H-indazole scaffolds through heterogeneous single-atom platinum catalysis. Science Advances, 5(12), eaay1537.