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15 protocols using rpmi 1640 medium

1

Fucoidan Cytotoxicity in Colon Cancer Cells

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Preparation of fucoidan. Fucoidan purified from Fucus vesiculosus (cat. no. sc-255187) was purchased from Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Inc. (Dallas, TX, USA). Fucoidan was dissolved in RPMI-1640 medium (GenDEPOT, Inc., Barker, TX, USA) at concentrations of 0-1,000 µg/ml.
Cell culture. HT-29 human colon adenocarcinoma cells (cat. no. 30038) were purchased from the Korean Cell Line Bank (Seoul, Korea). The cells were cultured in RPMI-1640 medium supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS; GenDEPOT, Inc.) containing 50 µg/ml penicillin, 25 µg/ml amphotericin B, and 50 µg/ml streptomycin, in an incubator with 5% CO 2 at 37˚C.
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2

Isolation of Murine Spleen and Lung Cells

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Mice were sacrificed by CO2 asphyxiation followed by cervical dislocation, and the spleen and lungs were aseptically removed. The spleens were homogenized using the plunger of a 3-mL syringe (Becton Dickinson) through a 100-μm strainer and washed with RPMI-1640 medium (GenDEPOT). The lungs were minced using sterile scissors and digested in 5 mL RPMI containing 3 mg/mL Collagenase A (Sigma) and 0.15 mg/mL DNase I (Sigma) at 37 °C for 1 h. Digested lungs were homogenized using the plunger of a 3-mL syringe (Becton Dickinson) and filtered through a 40-μm strainer (EZFlow Cell Strainer, Foxx Life Sciences). Red blood cells were lysed using 0.83% ammonium chloride. Cells were washed and resuspended with complete RPMI (RPMI 1640, 5% FBS, 100 U/mL penicillin, 100 μg/mL streptomycin). The total number of live cells isolated was determined by trypan blue exclusion staining. The absolute number of cell populations were calculated based on the numbers of splenocytes/leukocytes from the lungs and the percentages of populations as determined by FACS.
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3

Knockdown of RORA and RORC in Cell Lines

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Cells were incubated at 37 °C in a humidified chamber at 5% CO2. Lung cancer cells (A549, H441, and H358) were cultured in RPMI-1640 medium (GenDEPOT, TX, USA) and other cells (HPNE-P2M, HPNE-Kras, PNAC1, MCF7, MDA-MB-231, MDA-MB-468, DB7, and BT549) were cultured in DMEM medium (GenDEPOT). All media were supplemented with 10% FBS medium (GenDEPOT) and 1% penicillin–streptomycin medium (GenDEPOT).
Lipofectamine RNAiMAX (Invitrogen, CA, USA) was used for RNA-oligonucleotide transfection, whereas plasmid transfections were performed using Lipofectamine 2000 (Invitrogen) according to the manufacturer’s instructions. All oligonucleotides were purchased from Sigma (MO, USA). The sequence of each gene is shown in follows. RORA and RORC siRNA are siRORA: 5′-CAAGAUCUGUGGAGACAAAdTdT and siRORC: CGAGGATGAGATTGCCCTCTAdTdT, respectively. For negative control, MISSION® siRNA Universal Negative Controls #2 (Sigma, MO, USA) was used.
RORA and RORC CRISPR knockdown cells were generated as previous described [40 (link)]. Briefly, sgRNAs were designed by using the CPRISRdirect software (https://crispr.dbcls.jp/). MDA-MB-231 cells were transfected with RORA and RORC sgRNA constructs and selected by puromycin. Colonies were expanded and validated for knockdown efficiency. Experiments were performed by using cells at early passages (before p5).
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4

Culturing Human Colorectal Cancer Cells

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Human CRC HT29, DLD-1, HCT116, SW480, and SW620, and human normal colon CCD-18Co cells were purchased from American Type Culture Collection (Manassas, VA, USA). Human CRC cells were cultured in RPMI 1640 medium from GenDEPOT (Katy, TX, USA) or McCoy’s 5A medium. CCD-18Co cells were cultured in Eagle’s minimal essential medium (American Type Culture Collection). All media contained 1% antibiotic–antimycotic (100 X; GenDEPOT) and 10% fetal bovine serum (Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA). All cell lines were maintained in a 5% CO2 incubator at 37 °C.
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5

Culturing Human Gastric Cancer Cell Lines

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Human gastric cancer SNU-16 cells (No. 00016), SNU-620 cells (No. 00620), and SNU-484 cells (No. 00484) were purchased from the Korean Cell Line Bank (KCLB, Seoul, Korea). These cells were maintained in RPMI-1640 medium (GenDEPOT, Barker, TX) supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (Young In Frontier, Seoul, Korea) and 1% penicillin-streptomycin (GenDEPOT). The cells were cultured in a 5% CO2 humidified incubator at 37°C.
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6

Culturing Liver Cancer Cell Lines

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Human male liver cancer cells (SK-Hep1 and Hep3B cells) and human female liver cancer cells (SNU-387 and SNU-878 cells) from Korean Cell Line Bank (Seoul, Korea) were used in this study. SK-Hep1 cells in MEM medium (GenDEPOT, TX, USA), Hep3B cells in DMEM medium (GenDEPOT), and SNU-387 and SNU878 cells in RPMI-1640 medium (GenDEPOT) supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (YoungIn Frontiers, Seoul, Korea) and 1% penicillin-streptomycin solution (GenDEPOT) were maintained under 5% CO2 humidified atmosphere at 37 °C.
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7

SH-SY5Y Neuroblastoma Cell Culture

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Human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells were obtained from the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC, Manassas, VA, USA). Cells were cultured at 37°C in a 5% CO2 humidified incubator, and maintained in RPMI 1640 medium (GenDEPOT, Barker, TX, USA) supplemented with 10% (v/v) fetal bovine serum, 100 units/mL penicillin, 50 μg/mL streptomycin, 2 mM glutamine, and 1 mM sodium pyruvate.
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8

Generation of AZA-resistant leukemia cell line

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The F-36P human leukemia (MDS) cell line [46 (link)] was obtained from European Collection of Authenticated Cell Cultures (ECACC, Salisbury, UK). The AZA-resistant F-36P cell line, F-36P/AZA, was generated by treating the parental F-36P cells with incrementally increasing concentrations of AZA (Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA) ranging from 1 μM to 125 μM. Selected cells were cultured in AZA-free medium for at least 2 weeks before being used in experiments. F-36P and F-36P/AZA cells were cultured in RPMI-1640 medium (GenDEPOT, Katy, TX, USA) containing 5% fetal bovine serum (GenDEPOT), 1% penicillin (GenDEPOT), 5 ng/mL of interleukin (IL)-3 (Sigma-Aldrich), and 2 mM of glutamine (Sigma-Aldrich). Cells were maintained at 37 °C in an atmosphere containing 5% CO2.
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9

Cell Culture Reagents and Assays

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Cell culture reagents such as Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium (DMEM), Roswell Park Memorial Institute (RPMI) 1640 medium, penicillin-streptomycin (PS), and fetal bovine serum (FBS) were purchased from GenDEPOT (Katy, TX, USA). Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT), Hoechst 33258, gold (III) chloride trihydrate (HAuCl4·3H2O) and hydrochloric acid were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). Propidium iodide (PI) was obtained from Invitrogen (Carlsbad, CA, USA). All primers were designed by Macrogen (Seoul, Republic of Korea). Antibodies were purchased from Abcam (Cambridge, UK) and Cell Signaling Technology, Inc. (Danvers, MA, USA). L-cysteine hydrochloride monohydrate was purchased from Samchun Chemicals (Seoul, Korea).
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10

MDA-MB-231 Cell Culture Protocol

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MDA-MB-231 and MDA-MB-231_luc cells (luciferase-expressing cells, kindly provided from Prof. Moon, Duksung Women's University) were maintained in RPMI-1640 medium (GenDEPOT, Barker, TX, USA) containing 10% fetal bovine serum (YOUNGINFRONTIER, Seoul, Korea) and 1% penicillin/streptomycin (GenDEPOT) in a 5% CO2 humidified atmosphere at 37°C.
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