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7 protocols using trypsin porcine pancreas

1

Mass Spectrometry Protein Analysis

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The chemicals and reagents used in this work are the following: water (LC-MS grade-LiChrosolv®) (Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany), acetonitrile (LC-MS grade-LiChrosolv®) (Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany), 2-propanol (LC-MS grade-LiChrosolv®) (Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany), ammonium bicarbonate (NH4HCO3) (Sigma-Aldrich, Buchs, Switzerland), RapiGestTM SF surfactant (Waters, Milford (MA), USA), DL-dithiothreitol (DTT) (Sigma-Aldrich, Buchs, Switzerland), iodoacetamide (IAA) (Sigma-Aldrich, Buchs, Switzerland), trypsin (porcine pancreas) (Sigma-Aldrich, Buchs, Switzerland), trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) (Honeywell SC, Seeelze, Germany), formic acid (FA) LiChropur® (Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany), PierceTM HeLa protein digest standard (Thermo ScientificTM, Waltham, MA, USA) and MMI-L low concentration tuning mix (Agilent Technologies, Santa Clara, CA, USA).
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2

Hemoglobin Proteolytic Digestion Assay

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Proteases used were Chymase (Sigma C8118), Cathepsin D (Sigma SRP6415), Cathepsin G (RP-77525), Cathepsin E (Biovision 7842), Pepsin (Roche 10108057001), Trypsin porcine pancreas (Sigma T0303-1G), Lysozyme from chicken egg white (Sigma L6876), Napsin A (RND 8489-NA). Digestion experiments were carried out with purified human hemoglobin (Sigma H7379) and recombinant or purified proteases. 100 μg hemoglobin (ca. 1.56 nmol) were digested with Chymase (in Tris-HCl 0.05 M, pH 8.0/0.26 M NaCl), Cathepsin D, G and E (in 0.2 M citrate buffer, pH 5.0), Pepsin (in 20 mM sodium acetate buffer, pH 3.5), Trypsin (in 0.1 M Tris–HCl, with 10 mM CaCl2, pH 8), Lysozyme (in 10 mM Tris-HCl, pH 8) or Napsin A (in 0.2 M NaCl, 0.1 M sodium acetate, pH 3.6). All proteases were used at a 1:100 molar ratio (15 pmol) and reactions were incubated at 37°C for 2 h.
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3

Trypsin Activity Inhibition Assay

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Trypsin (porcine pancreas, Sigma-Aldrich) activity was measured at 25°C in a reaction mixture that contained from 0 to 81.6 mM leupeptin or pseudospumigin A and the hydrolysis was followed at every 2 min for 1 h, as described earlier (Liu et al., 2015 (link)).
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4

Analytical standards for carotenoid analysis

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Methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE) and Methanol (MeOH) of HPLC grade were obtained from Thermo Fisher Scientific (Leicestershire, UK). Ptyalize, trypsin (porcine pancreas), pepsin (porcine gastric mucosa), and bile salts to be used in vitro were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). The β-carotene standards were provided by Yuanye Bio-Technology Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China). Violaxanthin and antheraxanthin were obtained from Sigma (St. Louis, MO, USA). All other chemicals of analytical grade were provided by Sinopharm chemical reagent Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China).
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5

Mass Spectrometry Protein Profiling

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For the mass spectometry analysis, several spots were selected based on diffrrences in intensity between spots grown under pH 4.0, pH 9.0, or M9 medium, and spots from the reference gel (grown under pH 7.0.). The selected spots were excised from the polyacrylamide gels, and disrupted in order to digest proteins prior to mass spectrometry. In brief, the extracts were digested with Trypsin Porcine Pancreas (Sigma) using the Montage In-Gel DigestZP Kit (ZipPlate, Millipore, USA) following the manufacturer’s recommendations.
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6

Trypsin-Mediated Opa Liposome Preparation

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OpaTrp liposomes were prepared by adding porcine pancreas trypsin (Sigma) to the Opa-liposome solution, 10 μg of trypsin for every 2 μg of Opa. Upon the addition of trypsin to recombinant folded Opa proteins, NMR analysis and SDS-PAGE demonstrate the β-barrel domain stays intact while regions of the extracellular loops are removed.30 , 47 (link) The trypsin-liposome solution was incubated at room temperature for ~ 4 h. After incubation, the trypsin-liposome solution was passed over a column containing p-Aminobenzamidine-agarose (Sigma, St. Louis, MO), previously equilibrated with Opa resuspension buffer, to remove trypsin. The flow through was collected for experiments and cleavage was assessed by SDS-PAGE (supplemental Figure S7).
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7

Quantifying Infection Rates of Cells

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A total of 1.5 × 105 cells/well were seeded in 24-well plates. Infection was carried out 1 day post-seeding as described for 2 h (no antibiotic). Infected cells were washed by 3× PBS and treated by 0.5% porcine pancreas trypsin and 0.02% EDTA in PBS (Sigma-Aldrich) for counting by haemocytometer (Hecht Glaswarenfabrik, Rhön, Germany). Counted cells were lysed with 0.1% Triton X-100, serially diluted and plated. Colony forming units (CFUs) were counted after overnight incubation at 37°C. Infection rate was calculated by CFU per cell.
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