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Total gip

Manufactured by Merck Group
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Total GIP is a laboratory equipment product developed by Merck Group. It is designed to measure the concentration of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) in biological samples. The core function of Total GIP is to provide accurate and reliable quantification of GLP-1 levels, which is important for research and clinical applications.

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Lab products found in correlation

Total glp 1, by ALPCO (3 mentions) Leptin, by Merck Group (2 mentions) Insulin, by ALPCO (2 mentions) Intralipid, by Merck Group (1 mentions) Non esterified fatty acid, by Fujifilm (1 mentions) Saccharin, by Merck Group (1 mentions) Total glp 1, by Merck Group (1 mentions) Quinine hydrochloride, by Merck Group (1 mentions) Glycerol, by Cayman Chemical (1 mentions) Cholecystokinin, by Phoenix Pharmaceuticals (1 mentions) Glucagon, by Merck Group (1 mentions) Dpp4 inhibitor, by Merck Group (1 mentions) Vacutainer sst, by BD (1 mentions) Vacutainer, by BD (1 mentions) Radioimmunoassay, by Siemens (1 mentions) Glucagon, by Mesoscale (1 mentions) Total glp 1, by Mesoscale (1 mentions) Immulite 2000, by Siemens (1 mentions) Glucagon, by Mercodia (1 mentions) Taqman snp genotyping analysis, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (1 mentions)

Close spelling variants of this product

Rat/Mouse GIP (total) ELISA (7 citations) Total GIP ELISA kit (4 citations) Human GIP (Total) ELISA kit (3 citations) Rat/Mouse GIP (total) ELISA kit (2 citations) Human GIP (Total) or Human Ghrelin (Total) ELISA Kit (2 citations) Human GIP Total ELISA (2 citations)

10 protocols using total gip

1

Taste and Lipid Metabolism Assessment

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As taste stimuli, we used a “sweet solution” consisting of a mixture of 0.125% saccharin and 3% glucose (both Sigma-Aldrich, St Louis, MO) or a “bitter solution” consisting of 0.15% (0.0038 M) quinine hydrochloride (Sigma-Aldrich). The saccharin-glucose mixture is avidly ingested by rats [12] (link); the 0.15% quinine is strongly disliked–tasting it elicits negative hedonic responses (i.e., gapes and chin rubs) and it is almost completely avoided in two-bottle preference tests [7] (link). As an intragastric fat load, 20% intralipid was purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (Cat. No. I-141). Radioactive 14C-triolein was purchased from American Radiolabeled Chemicals Inc (St Louis, MO) and stored at −20°C until use.
The following enzymatic colorimetric kits or ELISA kits were used for the assay of blood components; triglycerides, ketones, glycerol and glucose from Cayman Chemical Co. (Ann Arbor, MI); non-esterified fatty acid from Wako Diagnostics (Richmond, VA); insulin from Alpco Diagnostics (Windham, NH); total GIP, total GLP-1 and leptin from Millipore (Billerica, MA); peptide YY and cholecystokinin from Phoenix Pharmaceuticals (Belmont, CA).
Saitou K., Lees J.N, & Tordoff M.G. (2014). Taste Hedonics Influence the Disposition of Fat by Modulating Gastric Emptying in Rats. PLoS ONE, 9(3), e90717.
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2

Biomarker Quantification by ELISA

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Insulin (PerkinElmer, Waltham, MA), total GIP (Millipore), intact GLP-1 (Meso Scale Discovery, Rockville, MD), glucagon (Millipore), and leptin (Millipore) were measured by ELISA or AlphaLISA (insulin only) kits. Cholesterol, triglycerides, and free fatty acids were measured using kits (Sigma-Aldrich).
Zhang S., Wang S., Puhl M.D., Jiang X., Hyrc K.L., Laciny E., Wallendorf M.J., Pappan K.L., Coyle J.T, & Wice B.M. (2014). Global Biochemical Profiling Identifies β-Hydroxypyruvate as a Potential Mediator of Type 2 Diabetes in Mice and Humans. Diabetes, 64(4), 1383-1394.
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3

Plasma Biomarkers Analysis Protocol

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Blood samples were collected in serum separation tubes (BD Vacutainer® SST™, Becton, Dickinson and Company, Franklin Lakes, NJ, USA) and EDTA tubes (BD Vacutainer®, Becton, Dickinson and Company) containing a DPP-4 inhibitor (10 µL/mL of blood; Millipore, St. Charles, MO, USA), and centrifuged for 10 minutes at 1,500 g for 20 minutes at 4℃. Plasma glucose levels were analyzed using a YSI 2300 STAT Plus analyzer (YSI Inc., Yellow Springs, OH, USA) immediately after centrifugation. The serum and plasma samples were stored at -70℃ until assayed. Non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA) were measured by a colorimetric assay using a Hitachi analyzer (Hitachi, Tokyo, Japan), and the glucagon concentrations were measured by a radioimmunoassay (Siemens, Los Angeles, CA, USA). The concentrations of insulin (Alpco Diagnostics, Salem, NH, USA), total GLP-1 (Alpco Diagnostics), and total GIP (Millipore, Billerica, MA, USA) were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) according to the manufacturer's instructions. We did not use the ethanol extraction method, and the amount of plasma used was 100 µL each.
Kim E.K., Oh T.J., Kim L.K, & Cho Y.M. (2016). Improving Effect of the Acute Administration of Dietary Fiber-Enriched Cereals on Blood Glucose Levels and Gut Hormone Secretion. Journal of Korean Medical Science, 31(2), 222-230.
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4

Anthropometric and Metabolic Parameters

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Anthropometric parameters and blood pressure were measured using standard methods. FPG, insulin, total cholesterol, triglycerides, and high density lipoprotein cholesterol were measured, and the results were obtained from the main database. Homeostasis model of assessment-insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) was defined as [fasting insulin (µU/mL)×fasting glucose (mmol/L)]/22.5. Homeostasis model of assessment-β cell function (HOMA-B) was calculated using (20×fasting insulin in µU/mL)/(fasting glucose in mmol/L-3.5) [14 (link)]. total GLP-1 and total GIP were measured in the stored samples. The plasma concentrations of total GLP-1 (ALPCO Diagnostics, Windham, NH, USA) and total GIP (Millipore Corp., Bedford, MA, USA) were measured without an ethanol extraction step by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Samples were frozen at -70℃ and never thawed until they were moved to Samsung Medical Center for analyses. The biochemical analysis of incretin hormones was performed in duplicate by a single trained technician in the Department of Laboratory Medicine and Genetics at the Samsung Medical Center.
Suh S., Kim M.Y., Kim S.K., Hur K.Y., Park M.K., Kim D.K., Cho N.H, & Lee M.K. (2016). Glucose-Dependent Insulinotropic Peptide Level Is Associated with the Development of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Endocrinology and Metabolism, 31(1), 134-141.
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5

Rat Plasma Analyte Quantification

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Rat plasma total GLP-1 (MesoScale Discovery, Rockville, MD, USA; Cat. No. K150JVC) and glucagon (MesoScale Discovery, Cat. No. K150HCC) were assayed using a sandwich ELISA assay kit, while total GIP (Millipore, Burlington, MA, USA; Cat. No. EZRMGIP-55K), total PYY (Crystal Chem, Elk Grove Village, IL, USA; Cat. No. 81502), and insulin (Crystal Chem, Cat. No. 90060) were assayed using standard ELISA assay kits. Plasma acetaminophen was assayed by a kit purchased from Sekisui Diagnostics (Lexington, MA, USA).
Evers S.S., Kim K.S., Bozadjieva N., Lewis A.G., Farris D., Sorensen M.J., Kim Y., Whitesall S.E., Kennedy R.T., Michele D.E., Seeley R.J, & Sandoval D.A. (2019). Continuous glucose monitoring reveals glycemic variability and hypoglycemia after vertical sleeve gastrectomy in rats. Molecular Metabolism, 32, 148-159.
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6

Measuring Glycemic Biomarkers

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Plasma glucose concentrations were measured by the glucose oxidase method (YSI 2300 STAT Plus analyzer; YSI, Inc., Yellow Springs, OH, USA). Plasma insulin concentrations were measured by electrochemiluminescence immunoassay (Immulite 2000; Siemens, Munich, Germany). Plasma concentrations of total GLP‐1 (Alpco Diagnostics; Salem, NH, USA) and total GIP (Millipore, Billerica, MA, USA) were analyzed by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay. All assays were carried out according to the manufacturer's instructions.
Bae J.H., Kim L.K., Min S.H., Ahn C.H, & Cho Y.M. (2018). Postprandial glucose‐lowering effect of premeal consumption of protein‐enriched, dietary fiber‐fortified bar in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus or normal glucose tolerance. Journal of Diabetes Investigation, 9(5), 1110-1118.
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7

Obese Mice Metabolic Markers

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Plasma, tissues, cell extracts and supernatants from control and obese mice were evaluated with specific Elisa kits for mature glucagon, insulin (Mercodia AB, Uppsala, Sweden), total GLP-1 and leptin (Meso Scale Discovery, Rockville, MD, USA) and total GIP (Millipore Corporation, Billerica, MA, USA) peptide detections as well as NEFA (Wako Diagnostics, Richmond, VA, USA) and HbA1c by the Siemens DCA systems Hemoglobin A1c (Siemens Healthcare Diagnostics Inc., Tarrytown, NY, USA).
Dusaulcy R., Handgraaf S., Skarupelova S., Visentin F., Vesin C., Heddad-Masson M., Reimann F., Gribble F., Philippe J, & Gosmain Y. (2016). Functional and molecular adaptations of enteroendocrine L-cells in male obese mice are associated with preservation of pancreatic alpha-cells function and prevention of hyperglycemia. Endocrinology, 157(10), 3832-3843.
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8

Metabolic Biomarker Profiling in Fasting and Postprandial States

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The plasma and serum samples were obtained from the participants in a fasting state and after cookie meal ingestion, snap-frozen using liquid nitrogen, and immediately stored at −80 °C until the analysis was performed. glucagon, active GLP-1, and total GIP levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (glucagon: Mercodia, Uppsala, Sweden; active GLP-1: Immune Biology Laboratories, Gunma, Japan; total GIP: Merck Millipore, Darmstadt, Germany). All of the other items were analyzed at LSI Medience, Co., Ltd. (Tokyo, Japan). Blood glucose was measured by an enzymatic method and insulin was measured by chemiluminescence immunoassay (CLIA).
Yanagimoto A., Matsui Y., Yamaguchi T., Saito S., Hanada R, & Hibi M. (2023). Acute Dose–Response Effectiveness of Combined Catechins and Chlorogenic Acids on Postprandial Glycemic Responses in Healthy Men: Results from Two Randomized Studies. Nutrients, 15(3), 777.
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9

Metabolic Biomarker Measurement Protocol

Cited 1 time
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Plasma and serum samples, collected from participants in the fasting state and after intake of the test meal and test beverages, were snap-frozen in liquid nitrogen and stored at −80 °C until the analyses. A plasma sample was used for glucose measurements, and a serum sample was used for insulin measurements. Samples for measurement of glucagon, active GLP-1, and total GIP were collected using BD P800 (Becton Dickenson, London, UK), and their levels were measured using ELISA kits (glucagon: Mercodia, Uppsala, Sweden; active GLP-1: Immune Biology Laboratories, Gunma, Japan; total GIP: Merck Millipore, Darmstadt, Germany). Coefficients of variation were intra-assay for glucagon: 2.3%, GLP-1: 5.3%, GIP: 9.6%; inter-assay for glucagon: 4.3%, GLP-1: 9.2%, GIP: 7.2%. All other indices were analyzed at LSI Medience, Co., Ltd. (Tokyo, Japan). Total AUCs for glucose, insulin, glucagon, C-peptide, GLP-1, and GIP were calculated using the trapezoidal rule. The Matsuda index of insulin sensitivity [25 (link),26 (link),27 (link)] was calculated from measurements obtained after the test meal consumption. The insulin and glucose measurements were used to calculate the HOMA-IR, HOMA-β, and AUCins×glu [28 (link),29 (link),30 (link)].
Yanagimoto A., Matsui Y., Yamaguchi T., Hibi M., Kobayashi S, & Osaki N. (2022). Effects of Ingesting Both Catechins and Chlorogenic Acids on Glucose, Incretin, and Insulin Sensitivity in Healthy Men: A Randomized, Double-Blinded, Placebo-Controlled Crossover Trial. Nutrients, 14(23), 5063.
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10

Metabolite and Hormone Analysis via ELISA

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Hormones and metabolites were measured as previous reported (7) . Human total GLP-1 (7-36, 9-36) (AlpcoDiagnositics; Salem, NH, USA) and total GIP was measured (Merck Millipore, Watford, UK) using ELISA kits. PNPLA3 genotyping was performed on DNA extracted from white blood cells. DNA was isolated and genotyping performed using TaqMan SNP Genotyping Analysis (Applied Biosystems, USA) as described previously (22) .
Steven S., Hollingsworth K.G., Small P.K., Woodcock S.A., Pucci A., Aribasala B., Al-Mrabeh A., Batterham R.L, & Taylor R. (2016). Calorie restriction and not glucagon-like peptide-1 explains the acute improvement in glucose control after gastric bypass in Type 2 diabetes. Diabetic medicine : a journal of the British Diabetic Association, 33(12).
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