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6 protocols using recombinant human bmp9

1

Isolation and Culture of Human BOECs

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Human blood outgrowth endothelial cells (BOECs) were isolated from peripheral
blood of PAH patients and healthy controls as previously described.28 (link)–30 (link, link) All blood donors provided
informed consent in accordance with the human study protocol – 07/H0306/134
(Cambridgeshire 3 Research Ethics Committee). Cells were cultured and expanded
in Endothelial Cell Growth Medium-2 (EGM-2) (minus heparin) (Lonza, Slough, UK)
with 10% Foetal Bovine Serum (FBS) (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Hemel Hempstead,
UK). All experiments were performed with passage 5–7 cells. Human or mouse
pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) were isolated as previously
described and cultured in DMEM (Invitrogen) containing 20% (v/v) FBS and A/A
(DMEM/20% FBS).31 (link) The Royal Papworth Hospital ethical review committee approved the use of
the human tissues (Ethics Ref 08-H0304-56 + 5), and informed consent was
obtained from all subjects. Recombinant human BMP9 was purchased from R&D
Systems (Oxfordshire, UK). PTC124 was a kind gift from PTC Therapeutics (South
Plainfield, NJ, USA) and was used at 100 µM overnight in all in vitro
experiments.
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2

Preparation of HDAC Inhibitors and BMPs

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PB (LC Laboratories, Woburn Massachusetts, USA) was reconstituted in DMSO and, for mouse experiments was diluted in vehicle (H2O with tween 5%, PEG 5%). Specific HDAC inhibitors were reconstituted in DMSO: Romidepsin (Selleck), RGFP966 (Selleck), LMK235 (Selleck), Tasinquimod (Selleck), Tubacin (Sigma), PCI-34051 (Selleck). Recombinant Human BMP6 (R&D systems) and Recombinant Human BMP9 (R&D systems) were reconstituted in sterile 4 mM HCl containing 0.1% bovine serum albumin. LDN193189 (Sigma) was diluted in H2O.
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3

Investigating ALK1 Receptor Fusion Protein

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ALK1Fc (de Vinuesa et al., 2016 (link)) is a fusion protein comprised of the extracellular domain (ECD) of human ALK1 fused to the Fc region of IgG and was obtained from Acceleron Pharma, Cambridge, USA. As a control we used either the Fc domain of IgG1 (MOPC-21; Bio Express, West Lebanon NH) or normal goat IgG from R&D System.
Recombinant human BMP9 was obtained from R&D System, whereas the chemical inhibitor LDN193189 was purchased from Axon Medchem. The final concentration for the in vitro experiments was 1 nM for BMP9 and 120 nM for LDN193189.
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4

Isolation of Endothelial Cells from Feeder Cell Co-cultures

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Feeder cells (fibroblasts, MSCs, SMCs and pericytes) were seeded into a 6-well plate and cultured until confluent. Then, 1.5×105 endothelial cells (HUVECs or HAECs) were seeded into these feeder cells or into a collagen-coated Boyden chamber (0.4 µm pore, BD). The next day, the culture media were replaced with HuMedia and the cells were treated with recombinant human BMP9 (10 ng/ml) (R&D systems). After an 18-22 h incubation with BMP9, the cells were harvested by trypsin/EDTA treatment (Life Technologies) and HUVECs were separated from fibroblasts or MSCs by magnetic cell sorting (MACS) using a CD31 MicroBead Kit (Miltenyi Biotech) following the manufacturer's instructions. For Notch pathway inhibition, γ-secretase inhibitor IX (1 µM) (Calbiochem) was added 15 min before BMP9 treatment. The collected cells were lysed in buffer RLT (Qiagen) for RNA purification.
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5

Signaling Pathway Regulation Protocol

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The reagents and chemicals were mostly purchased from Thermo Fisher Scientific (Shanghai, China) unless otherwise indicated. S1P, SEW2871, NIBR0213, FTY720, and W146 were purchased from Cayman Chemical (Ann Arbor, MI, USA). Recombinant human BMP9 was purchased from R&D systems (Minneapolis, MN, USA). The ERK inhibitor SCH772984 and the AKT (protein kinase-B, PKB, also called AKT) inhibitor MK-2206 were purchased from Selleck (Shanghai, China).
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6

Growth Factor Purification and Preparation

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Recombinant human BMP-9, BMP-2, BMP-6 and mouse hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) were from R&D Systems (Wiesbaden-Nordenstadt, Germany) and recombinant human TGF-β1 and platelet derived growth factor (PDGF)-B were from Peprotech (Rocky Hill, USA).
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