The CT image datasets used in this study were obtained from a hospital in Shanxi Province, China. All data can be accessed at https://figshare.com/s/254e3467efd57a442334 . We used a Discovery ST16 PET-CT scanner from the General Electric Company of America (150 mA, 140 kV, with a slice thickness of 3.75 mm). In the experiment, we select lung CT sequence image datasets from 80 people with a total of 4812 CT images, and the size of each image was 512 × 512. Based on the physician’s prior knowledge and the morphological perspective of lung CT image sequences, the 80 datasets were divided into four categories: without nodules, benign nodules, malignant SPN (solitary pulmonary nodules) and pleural nodules. Each category had 20 datasets and approximately 1200 CT images.
Discovery st 16 pet ct scanner
Manufactured by GE Healthcare
Sourced in United States
The Discovery ST 16 PET/CT scanner is a medical imaging device that combines positron emission tomography (PET) and computed tomography (CT) technologies. It is designed to capture detailed images of the body's internal structures and functions.
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9 protocols using discovery st 16 pet ct scanner
1
Lung CT Image Analysis for Nodule Detection
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Amyloid-β PET Imaging Protocol
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Standardized PET/CT Imaging Protocol
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Fasting for more than 6 hours prior to the FDG PET/CT exam was requested. Blood glucose level was controlled to be less than 150 mg/dl before tracer injection. Patients were asked to lie down comfortably for minimized uptake of skeletal muscles after intravenous injection of F-18 FDG (7 MBq per kilogram) with the 55 ± 5 minutes mean uptake time. With an “arm-up” position, the spiral low dose CT scan with 140 kV, 80 mA and 3.75 mm section thickness was acquired from vertex to mid-thigh. Then the reverse direction emission acquisition (4 minutes/bed position) was conducted. All the FDG PET/CT images were acquired with the Discovery ST 16 PET/CT scanner (GE Medical System, Waukesha, Wisconsin, USA). Using previous CT transmission for attenuation correction, the PET images were reconstructed iteratively (i.e. order subset expectation maximization). The reconstructed images were displayed on the Xeleris Functional Imaging Workstation (GE Medical System, Waukesha, Wisconsin, USA) for interpretation.
4
Brain PET/CT Imaging Protocol
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Patients were instructed to observe at least 4 hours of fasting before and during their exam. Fasting blood glucose level was measured with glucometer, verified to be below 200 mg/dL (range 60–190 mg/dL, mean 103 mg/dL). On arrival, patient rested for 20 to 30 minutes in a quiet, dimly lit room with instructions to keep eyes open and to remain quiet before tracer injection. After intravenous injection of approximately 10mCi of [18F]-FDG, the patient rested again in dimly lit room. Brain PET/CT was obtained approximately 30 minutes after tracer injection (range 27–41 min, mean 33.8 min), and patient rested again in dimly lit room until brain PET/CT at approximately 90 minutes after the initial tracer injection (range 70–107 min, mean 90.2 min). Imaging was performed on a GE Discovery ST 16 PET/CT scanner, utilizing a head cradle. CT data was reconstructed using a filtered back projection algorithm and a 128 × 128 matrix, ramp cutoff 5.8 mm, with 30 cm trans-axial field of view. PET scan was performed in 3D mode for 8 minutes on a single bed position. CT transmission data was used to calculate attenuation correction factors. PET data was reconstructed using an iterative ordered subsets expectation maximization (OSEM) algorithm (28 subsets, 2 iterations), a standard z axis filter, 3.74 mm post filter, a 128 × 128 matrix, and a DFOV 30 cm.
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PET Imaging of Amyloid Deposition
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PET images were obtained on a GE Discovery ST-16 PET/CT Scanner. Two 5-min PET brain frames were acquired continuously, approximately 50 min after [18F] florbetapir (370 MBq) administration. Self-adherent wrap across the forehead was used to minimize head movement. Frames were summed, and attenuation corrected. To increase tissue uptake specificity, we calculated standardized uptake value ratios (SUVR) in several individualized regions using a custom processing pipeline in SPM12 (http://www.fil.ion.ucl.ac.uk/spm ) as described previously [23 (link)].
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Ga-68 DOTA-NOC PET/CT Imaging Protocol
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68Ga-DOTA-NOC PET/CT examinations were performed at 1 h after injection 200 MBq of 68Ga-DOTA-NOC which was conducted on a discovery ST16 PET/CT scanner (GE Healthcare, Milwaukee, USA). The whole body scan was performed from vertex to mid thighs (time of flight, 3 min list mode per bed position). Low-dose CT acquisition was performed with 120 kV, 80 mA, 0.8 s per CT rotation. CT data were used for attenuation correction. Studies were interpreted on a Hermes Multimodality workstation using Hybrid Viewer software (Hermes Medical Solutions, Stockholm, Sweden).
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High-Resolution PET/CT Imaging of Soil Columns
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A medical 256-speed Discovery ST16 PET/CT scanner (GE Healthcare, United States) was operated to scan soil columns, with a peak voltage current of 120 kV, scanning set of 110 mA and 1 s scanning time. The scanning thickness was 1 mm. Scan depths were set at 25 mm up to 120 mm from the top of the soil column. The scanning thickness was 1 mm, and CT images at 5 mm increments were used for the further analysis of soil pore structure properties. Thus, 20 cross-sectional images, which were two-dimensional image, were obtained for each of the 12 soil columns. A total of 240 CT scan images (20 images × 4 treatments × 3 replicates) were captured. The scanning image brightness represented different soil density areas, and the soil macropores could be clearly displayed from the image22 (link). The colour image density of the smaller region was black, while the greater regional colour density was lighter.
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Dual-Time Point FDG PET/CT Imaging Protocol
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All FDG PET/CT examinations were performed at the same facility using an integrated Discovery.
ST16 PET/CT scanner (GE Healthcare). Patients fasted for at least 4 h before imaging. Dual time-point scans were performed 1 and 2 h after intravenous administration of 3–3.7 MBq/kg FDG. Low-dose non-enhanced CT images (3–4 mm slices) were acquired for attenuation correction and localization of lesions identified on PET images. Immediately after CT examination, the identical axial field of view (154 mm) was scanned using PET for 2–3 min per table position depending on the patient's condition and scanner performance. The acquired data were reconstructed as 128 × 128 matrix images (pixel size, 4.7 × 3.25 mm) using Fourier rebinning and ordered subset expectation maximization algorithms. PET and CT examinations were performed with the patient performing normal tidal breathing in the supine position. Regions of interest were set to include the entire intramammary abnormal uptake on attenuation-corrected FDG PET images. The primary breast tumor and the SUVmax was quantified using a Xeleris workstation (GE Healthcare). Semi-quantitative SUVmax parameters from the first and second scans were defined as SUVmax1 and SUVmax2, respectively. The RI was calculated using the following equation:
ST16 PET/CT scanner (GE Healthcare). Patients fasted for at least 4 h before imaging. Dual time-point scans were performed 1 and 2 h after intravenous administration of 3–3.7 MBq/kg FDG. Low-dose non-enhanced CT images (3–4 mm slices) were acquired for attenuation correction and localization of lesions identified on PET images. Immediately after CT examination, the identical axial field of view (154 mm) was scanned using PET for 2–3 min per table position depending on the patient's condition and scanner performance. The acquired data were reconstructed as 128 × 128 matrix images (pixel size, 4.7 × 3.25 mm) using Fourier rebinning and ordered subset expectation maximization algorithms. PET and CT examinations were performed with the patient performing normal tidal breathing in the supine position. Regions of interest were set to include the entire intramammary abnormal uptake on attenuation-corrected FDG PET images. The primary breast tumor and the SUVmax was quantified using a Xeleris workstation (GE Healthcare). Semi-quantitative SUVmax parameters from the first and second scans were defined as SUVmax1 and SUVmax2, respectively. The RI was calculated using the following equation:
9
PET/CT Imaging of Primary Lung Tumors
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All patients underwent PET/CT examination as a routine procedure within 3 months before surgery. PET/CT imaging was performed 60 min after intravenous injection of 120–220 MBq of FDG (Nihon Medi‐Physics). All FDG PET/CT images were obtained using a Discovery ST16 PET/CT scanner (GE Healthcare). A diagnostic CT scan for fusion was obtained using a standard protocol without intravenous contrast (120 kV; Auto mA range, 30–250 mA, noise index 25; thickness 3.75 mm; pitch 1.75; beam collimation 20 mm). Coregistered images were displayed using a high‐speed 3D‐image analysis system (SYNAPSE VINCENT, Fujifilm Corporation).
FDG positivity in each primary lung tumor was retrospectively evaluated. The SUVmax was determined by drawing a region of interest (ROI) around the tumor and within the affected lymph node and using the maximum SUV recorded within each ROI. The SUV was calculated as the activity per millimeter within a ROI divided by the dose injected in MBq/g bodyweight.12
FDG positivity in each primary lung tumor was retrospectively evaluated. The SUVmax was determined by drawing a region of interest (ROI) around the tumor and within the affected lymph node and using the maximum SUV recorded within each ROI. The SUV was calculated as the activity per millimeter within a ROI divided by the dose injected in MBq/g bodyweight.
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