Ammonium chloride nh4cl

ABTS (2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid)), Trolox (6-hydroxyl-2,5,7,8-tetramethylchroman-2-carboxylic acid), DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl), TFA (trifluoroacetic acid), gallic acid, Folin–Ciocalteu reagent (FC), pepsin from porcine gastric mucosa-lyophilized powder, α-amylase and pancreatin from porcine pancreas, heat-stable α-amylase solution, protease, amyloglucosidase solution, 2-(N-Morpholino) ethanesulfonic acid (MES), and Tris (hydroxymethyl) aminomethane (TRIS) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich Co. (St. Louis, MO, USA). Technical grades of methanol (MeOH) (>98.5%), ethanol (C₂H₅OH) (93%), sodium hydroxide (NaOH) (97%), sodium chloride (NaCl) (97%), potassium persulfate (K₂S₂O₈) (100%), sodium carbonate (Na₂CO₃) (>99%), nitric acid (HNO₃) (>99%), sulfuric acid (H₂SO₄) (>97%), hydrochloric acid (HCl) (37.2% w/w), petroleum ether (C₆H₁₄) (30–60 °C, A.R), Kjeldahl tablet (CuH₁₀O₉S), potassium chloride (KCl) (> 99%), sodium hydrogen carbonate (NaHCO₃) (>99%), sodium chloride (NaCl) (97%), magnesium chloride (MgCl₂) (99%), ammonium chloride (NH₄Cl) (100%), calcium chloride (CaCl₂) (>93%), monopotassium phosphate (KH₂PO₄), and indicators (tashiro and phenolphthalein) were purchased from VWR International (Leuven, Belgium). Inductively coupled plasma (ICP) multi-element standard solution IV was procured from Merck KGak (Darmstadt, Germany).

The chemicals tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS), n-cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB), sodium hydroxide (NaOH), safranin O, budesonide, dichloromethane, 3-(triethoxysilyl)propyl isocyanate, acetonitrile, hydrochloric acid, 4-nitroaniline, sodium nitrite (NaNO₂), N-phenyldiethanolamine, p-toluenesulfonyl chloride, pyridine, tetrahydrofuran (THF), methanol (MeOH) HPLC grade, sodium sulfide nonahydrate (Na₂S·9H₂O) were obtained from Aldrich. n-hexane and ethyl acetate were purchased from Scharlau. Sodium carbonate (Na₂CO₃), magnesium sulfate (MgSO₄) and ammonium chloride (NH₄Cl) were purchased from VWR.