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Solidworks 2020

Manufactured by Dassault Systèmes
Sourced in France, United States

SolidWorks 2020 is a 3D computer-aided design (CAD) software application that enables users to create, visualize, and simulate 3D models. It provides a comprehensive set of tools for designing and engineering a wide range of products, from small components to complex assemblies.

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19 protocols using solidworks 2020

1

Evaluation of Guide-Pin Insertion Accuracy

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To analyze the deviation of the executed guide-pin entry point and trajectory from the planned control, the guide pin trajectory was digitized. Each specimen was rigidly fixed to an optical tracker and digitization points were collected and recorded using a tracker mounted stylus (Optotrak Certus Position Sensor Full, Northern Digital Inc.) in combination with North Digital Inc. First Principles software (Northern Digital Inc., ver. 1.2.4). Digitization of the inserted guide-pin was achieved by probing the start point, the opposite end of the guide-pin, the mounting points, and taking a trace of the guide-pin.
Analysis of the orientation and insertion of the guide-pin was achieved by importing the 3D models into SolidWorks 2020 software (Dassault Systèmes SolidWorks Corp., ver. 28.3.0.0086). Measurements were taken to determine the location of landmarks to establish a glenoid coordinate system which was partially based on previous protocols [13 (link)].
Data from both the control and the digitization of the guide-pin insertions were imported to MATLAB software (The MathWorks Inc., ver. 9.7.0.1190202) for comparison. Analyses were conducted to compare the orientation of the guide-pin with respect to the glenoid coordinate system (X=anterior/posterior, Y=inferior/superior, Z=medial/lateral) as well as determining the entry point of the pin.
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2

Microfluidic Chip Design for Antibody Assays

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The chip design was made using SolidWorks 2020 software (Dassault Systèmes, Vélizy-Villacoublay, France). Each chip contained 6 parallel channels composed of 2 circular areas connected to a rectangular channel (Fig. 1c). Specific dimensions can be found in Supplementary Fig. S1. The top circular area was designated for sample loading (loading area), while the next circular area (immediately below) was used for pre-loading antibodies and particle count imaging (test zone). Details of paper microfluidic chip fabrication can be found in the Supplementary Methods.
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3

Paper Microfluidic Chip Design and Fabrication

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The paper microfluidic chip was designed in SolidWorks 2020 software (Dassault Systèmes, Vélizy-Villacoublay, France) and wax printed on nitrocellulose paper using ColorCube 8550 (Xerox, Norwalk, CT, USA) as described previously57 (link). Each chip contains four flow channels that measure 21 mm long and 2.4 mm wide, with larger square-shaped loading pads at each end. The nitrocellulose paper (FF80HP Plus; GE Healthcare, MA, USA) had a capillary flow rate of 60–100 s over 40 mm and a thickness of 200 μm.
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4

Microstructural Water Diffusion Analysis

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To understand water diffusion within the microstructure and its accumulation, microcomputed tomography (µCT) scans were performed on virgin printed samples using a commercial system (X5000, North Star Imaging, Rogers, MN, USA). The potential volume for absorbed liquid in the voids was computed through the areal porosity and the length of the voids. A 3D model for the Type 4 specimen was built by SOLIDWORKS (2020, Dassault Systèmes SOLIDWORKS Corp, Waltham, MA, USA) based on the ASTM D638 standard to estimate the volume of the specimen (2.557 cm3). The weight of the potential water uptake was calculated by multiplying the volume of the specimens (V), average areal porosity of the specimen (A%) and density of water (ρ) (assumed to be 1 g/cm3). The approximate weight of specimens prior to aging (ws) was 2.6 g. Based on those values, the theoretical maximum water uptake range based on filling of the pores (wt%) was obtained according to the formula
wt%=V×A×ρWs×100%
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5

Optimizing Fiber Bioprinting Parameters

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For fiber bioprinting optimization, we performed two major steps: definition of optimal flow rate and printing speed. Firstly, we printed serpentines with three different flow rates (43.34 ± 5.77, 86.68 ± 5.77 and 116.69 ± 5.77 µL/min) corresponding to E100, E150 and E200 in the gcode file. After defining optimal flow rate, four printing speeds (5, 10, 15 and 20 mm/s) were evaluated. All tests were performed at room temperature using a 25G (inner diameter 0.26 mm) plastic conical needle and glass microscope slides as printing surface. CAD files were designed in Solidworks 2020 (Dassault Systèmes SOLIDWORKS Corp., Waltham, MA, USA) and processed with Ultimaker Cura 4.7. Images of the fibers were acquired with an inverted microscope (Olympus IX73 SC180 CSD) at 4× magnification and analyzed with ImageJ (NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA) software [14 (link)].
For each serpentine printed, we analyzed their ability to maintain the desired shape upon deposition by computing the spreading ratio Equation (1) [15 (link)]: Spreading ratio=Filament Diameter Needle Diameter
Fifteen measures of the fibers were taken (Figure 2A) and then, the average spreading ratio was evaluated. According to the results, we defined optimal parameters in order to achieve continuous, homogeneous fiber deposition, and the lowest spreading ratio.
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6

3D Bioprinting of Vascularized Tissue Constructs

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First, for bioprinting tissue constructs embedding midscale vasculatures, precursor cartridges with coaxial architecture were designed using the 3D CAD software (Solidworks 2020, Dassault Systems, France). The 3D CAD file was converted into an STL file to import a 3D printing system. Precursor cartridges were fabricated using a photocrosslinkable resin (VisiJet SL Clear, 3D Systems, USA) and a 3D printer (Projet 6000, 3D Systems). The fabricated precursor cartridges were briefly rinsed with 70% ethanol and sterilized with ultraviolet light for 1 h before use.
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7

3D Lumbar Spine Modeling with Fixation

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A healthy female volunteer with no spinal-related diseases (age, 50 years; height, 163 cm; weight, 4 kg) was selected for this study. The study was conducted by the guidelines of the Declaration of Helsinki and was approved by the Committee of Ningbo University (code ARGH20211213). After obtaining informed consent, the subject was scanned with 64 slice spiral CT for the L1-L5 segments of the lumbar spine, with a scanning interval of 1 mm and 294 layers. The DICOM format images were obtained and imported into Mimics 20.0 (Materialise, Leuven, Belgium). Through threshold segmentation, region growth, and manual modification, a 3-dimensional geometrical model of the L3-L5 segments of the lumbar spine was generated and then imported into Geomagic Studio 2013 (3D Systems, South Carolina, United States) for surface smoothing. The IGES format files were further into SolidWorks2020 (Dassault Systèmes, Massachusetts, United States) to set the parameters through the surface guide, improve the characteristic line, and establish the intervertebral disc entity. A pedicle screw with a diameter of 8 mm and a length of 55 mm and a connecting rod with a diameter of 8 mm and a length of 50 mm was introduced for assembly.[21 (link)] Finally, 3-dimensional solid lumbar models of L3-L5 segments with 2 different fixation methods were generated, as shown in Figure 1.
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8

ALISI Radiosynthesizer Construction Workflow

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The ALISI radiosynthesizer was constructed by using the computer assisted design (CAD) software Solidworks2020 (Dassault Systèmes, Vélizy-Villacoublay, France). Components were prepared through additive manufacturing, laser cutting or purchased directly from commercial vendors. Additive manufacturing components were produced by selective laser sintering and made from PA2200, a fine powder based on polyamide-12. The synthesizer case was manufactured from laser cut, 5 mm plates of high tensile strength, black polyoxymethylene (POM) and an aluminum profile modular assembly system (Kanya AG, Rüti, Switzerland).
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9

3D Printing Workflow for Detailed Parts

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All CAD models were designed in Solidworks 2020 (Dassault Systèmes, Vélizy-Villacoublay, France), and then 3D printed using the Projet 2500 plus MultiJet 3D printer (3D Systems, Rock Hill, SC, USA). The printer has a resolution of 800 × 900 DPI in x and y directions and a layer height (z direction) of 32 µm. The surface roughness (arithmetic average of roughness) of the printed parts were 9, 9 and 2 µm (xyz) [19 (link)]. The printing material used was M2S-HT90 (3D Systems), which forms solid polyacrylate after being exposed to UV rays during the printing process. The support material used was M2-SUP (3D Systems). After completion of the print, the parts were cooled at −18 °C in a freezer for approximately 10 min, and then separated from the print platform. The printed parts were then placed in a hot water vapor bath (to melt the wax-like support material) for approximately 20 min. Afterwards, the parts were placed in a heated oil bath (paraffin oil at 65 °C), and the channels were then flushed with warm oil and submerged in an ultrasonic bath with paraffin oil in order to dissolve any remaining residual support material. Finally, any potential lingering oil residues were removed using warm soap water (Fairy Ultra detergent, Procter & Gamble, Cincinnati, OH, USA) in yet another ultrasonic bath.
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10

Lumbar Spine Osteotomy Modeling

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We recruited one healthy male volunteer, 26 years old, with a height of 174 cm and a weight of 75 kg. Firstly, CT images were imported into Mimics to extract bone tissue, and then further optimized in 3-matic. The reconstructed model from 3-matic Research was imported into Geomagic Wrap 2017 (3D Systems, Inc. Geomagic, United States) for smoothing. Following this, cancellous bone, cortical bone, intervertebral discs, cartilage endplates, and facet joints were reconstructed using Solidworks 2020 (Dassault Systèmes, United States). We constructed a complete model of L3-L5 (Figures 2A,B).
Based on the aforementioned changes in osteotomy volume and clinical experience, we proceeded with the construction of the trephine osteotomy surgical model in Solidworks 2020. To investigate the effects of trephine angle, diameter, and number of osteotomy attempts on lumbar spine mobility and stability, we selected one attempt of osteotomy at 30° and 60° directions with an 8 mm diameter, two attempts of osteotomy at 50° direction with an 8 mm diameter, and one attempt of osteotomy at 50° direction with a 9 mm diameter. We constructed complete models and surgical models with five different trephine osteotomy attempts for subsequent analysis (Figures 2C–G).
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