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54 protocols using znso4 7h2o

1

Isotopic Labeling for Metabolic Analyses

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Methanol (MeOH, LC–MS CHROMASOLV®), acetonitrile (ACN, LC–MS CHROMASOLV®) and formic acid (FA, MS grade, ~ 98% purity) were purchased from Riedel-de Haën, Honeywell (Seelze, Germany). The ultra-pure water was obtained from an ELGA Purelab system Veolia Water (Ultra AN MK2, Vienna, Austria). The salts KOH (≥ 99.5%), NH4NO3 (≥ 99%), Na2MoO4*2H2O, KH2PO4 (≥ 99.8%), KNO3 (65%) were obtained from Merck (Darmstadt, Germany) and MgSO4*7H2O, ZnSO4*7H2O, Ca(NO3)2*4H2O, Ferric sodium - EDTA (C10H12N2NaFeO8), MnCl2*4H2O, ZnSO4*7H2O, CuSO4*5H2O (> 98%) from Sigma-Aldrich (Steinheim, Germany). NH4NO3 (15N, 98 atom %), Ca(NO3)2 (15N, 98 atom %), KNO3 (15N, 98 atom %) and 13CO2 (99% purity) was purchased from Eurisotop (St-Aubin, France) while CO2 and synthetic air were obtained from Messer (Gumpoldskirchen, Austria).
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2

Detailed Protocol for Bacterial Culturing

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Strains and plasmids used in this study are listed in Table 2. Strains were routinely cultured in LB broth or agar supplemented with antibiotics when necessary (50 μg/mL trimethoprim, 50 kanamycin, or 20 μg/mL tetracycline for Escherichia coli strains; 800 μg/mL trimethoprim or 250 μg/mL tetracycline for B. cenocepacia strains). For experiments, a phosphate-buffered mineral medium was used, either with or without ammonium (2 g/L NH4Cl, 4.25 g/L K2HPO4·3H2O [ChemLab], 1 g/L NaH2PO4·H2O, 0.1 g/L nitrilotriacetic acid, 0.003 g/L MnSO4·H2O, 0.003 g/L ZnSO4·7H2O, 0.001 g/L CoSO4·7H2O, 0.2 g/L MgSO4·7H2O, and 0.012 g/L FeSO4·7H2O [Sigma-Aldrich]). Organic components were 5 g/L glycerol (Scharlab), 5 g/L yeast extract (Lab M), and 2 g/L Bacto peptone (BD Biosciences) when a medium with high concentrations of carbohydrates and amino acids was required (referred to as rich mineral medium). To grow strains under nitrogen depletion, mineral medium without ammonium was supplemented with 25 mM glucose as the carbon source. Media were supplemented with 600 μg/mL (strain J2315) or 200 μg/mL (strain K56-2) trimethoprim as the selective antibiotic when appropriate. Gene expression from plasmids was induced by adding rhamnose (Sigma) to a final concentration of 0.2% (wt/vol). All incubations were performed at 37°C.
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3

Cultivation Media Preparation for Microalgae

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NaNO3 (PanReac, Barcelona, Spain) and NaH2PO4·2H2O (Honeywell, Tokyo, Japan) were used as nitrogen and phosphorus sources, respectively, while the trace elements Na2EDTA (Sigma, St. Luis, MO, USA), FeCl3·6H2O (Acros Organics, Geel, Belgium), CuSO4·5H2O (Sigma), ZnSO4·7H2O (Sigma), CoCl2·6H2O (Fisher Scientific, Waltham, MA, USA), MnCl2·4H2O (Acros Organics), and Na2MoO4·2H2O (Chem-Lab NV, Zedelgem, Belgium) were used for media preparation. Cyanocobalamin, Thiamine HCl, and Biotin were procured from Sigma-Aldrich. Chemicals used for analysis included ammonium bicarbonate (Sigma), HPLC-grade chloroform (Honeywell) and HPLC-grade methanol (Fisher Scientific).
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4

Wheat-based Elemental Analysis Protocol

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Wheat bran/wheat flour (Roland Mills Nord GmbH & Co. KG, Bremen, Germany); H2O2 (Sigma Aldrich, Munich, Germany); HNO3 (Sigma Aldrich, Munich, Germany); Indium Standard for ICP-MS TraceCERT (Sigma Aldrich, Munich, Germany); Multielement Standard Solution 6 for ICP TraceCERT (Sigma Aldrich, Munich, Germany); Rhodium ICP-MS Standard TraceCERT (Sigma Aldrich, Munich, Germany); ZnSO4∙7H2O (Sigma Aldrich, Munich, Germany).
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5

Adsorption of Hair Dye Compounds on Oak Cupule Powder

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Three hair dyes; Arianor Madder red 306003 (R), Arianor Straw Yellow 306005 (Y), Arianor Ebony 306020 (E), and ZnSO4.7H2O were purchased from Sigma Aldrich (Darmstadt, Germany) and used without further purification. Three stock solutions of 1000 mg·L−1 concentrations were prepared and then diluted to the required working concentrations (25–150 mg·L−1). The pH of solutions was adjusted using 0.1 M NaOH and 0.1 M HCl solutions. The functional groups on the oak cupule powder, O, and oak coated with ZnO, COZ, before and after the adsorption processes were characterized utilizing a TENSOR FTIR instrument from BRUKER. The FT-IR measurements were taken within the wavenumber region of 500–4000 cm−1. Adsorbent material was portrayed utilizing scanning electron microscopy (SEM; Model: A Phenom XL G2 scanning electron microscope from Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, MA, USA). With the use of the PANalytical B. V. Lelyweg 17602 EA ALMELO instrument, X-ray diffraction (XRD) investigations were conducted.
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6

Synthesis of Zinc-Anode Li-Ion Batteries

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Zn foil (99.9%) (0.25 mm), ZnSO4·7H2O, and battery-grade 1 M LiPF6 dissolved in ethylene carbonate/dimethyl carbonate were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich. Li metal foil (750 μm) and CuSO4·7H2O were bought from Alfa Aesar. Cu foil was bought from MTI. Deionized water was obtained with a Milli-Q water purification system. The resistivity of the deionized water is 18.2 megohm·cm at room temperature.
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7

Neurotransmitter Assimilation Assay in Minimal Medium

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To detect the assimilation of selected neurotransmitters, we used a modified M9 minimal medium (pH 7.4) [43 ], consisting of 0.6% Na2HPO4 (Sigma Aldrich, USA), 0.3% KH2PO4 (Sigma-Aldrich, USA), 0.05% NaCl (Fisher Scientific, USA), 0.1% NH4Cl (Merck, Germany), and 0.15% agar in Milli-Q water. To the autoclaved and cooled medium were added 5 mL of 40% (w/v) glucose, and 1 mL of microelements [3 mM (NH4)6Mo7O24 × 4H2O (Sigma Aldrich, USA), 400 mM H3BO3 (Merck, Germany), 30 mM CoCl2 × 6H2O (Merck, Germany), 10 mM CuSO4 × 5H2O (Merck, Germany), 80 mM MnCl2 × 4H2O (Sigma Aldrich, USA), 10 mM ZnSO4 × 7H2O (Sigma Aldrich, USA), 1 mL of 1 M MgSO4 (Carlo Erba, Milano, Italy), 100 µL of 1 M CaCl2 (Gram-mol, Zagreb, Croatia), and 200 µL of 5 mM FeSO4 (Sigma Aldrich, USA)]. After autoclaving, we added filter-sterilized 0.1 M of one of the selected neurotransmitters: acetylcholine (ACh), γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), glycine (Gly), glutamate (Glu), and dopamine (DA) (all Sigma-Aldrich, USA). M9 minimal medium (pH 7.4) without added neurotransmitters was used as a control. Plates were inoculated with 10 µL of cell suspension or plugs of mycelium in three replicates and incubated for one month at 24 °C and 37 °C. Assimilation was assessed by comparing growth on plates with and without added neurotransmitters.
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8

Decolorization of Landfill Leachate

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2,2′-Azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) diammonium salt (ABTS) and 1-aminobeznotriazole (ABT) were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich (Germany). Stock solutions of ABT were prepared in ethanol at a concentration of 50 mM.
o-tolidine was purchased from Chempur (Poland). A stock solution of o-tolidine (10 mg mL-1) was prepared in ethanol. Liquid chromatography solvents were obtained from Avantor Performance Materials (Poland).
The azo dyes Reactive Orange 16 (CAS 12225–83-1), Acid Red 27 (CAS 915–67-3), Acid Orange 7 (CAS 633–96-5), Reactive Red 120 (CAS 61951–82-4), and Reactive Black 5 (CAS 17095–24-8) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (Germany). Stock solutions were prepared in water at a concentration of 50 mg mL-1.
Cd(NO3)2 × 4 H2O, K2Cr2O7, and ZnSO4 × 7 H2O were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (Germany). Metal stock solutions were prepared by dissolving in deionized water at a concentration of 1 M.
Samples of landfill leachate (L1 and L2) collected from the landfill of the former “Boruta” Dye Industry Plant in Zgierz, Poland (Fig. 1) were kindly supported by the Voivodeship Inspectorate of Environmental Protection in Łódź, Poland.
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9

Synthesis of Aqueous Electrolytes

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ZnSO4.7H2O (>99.0%), Li2SO4·H2O (>99.0%), and ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid disodium salt (EDTA-2Na, A.R.> 99.0%) were prepared from Sigma-Aldrich Chemical Co. All reagents were used directly without further purification. All aqueous electrolytes used deionized water as the solvent.
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10

Fluorescence Microscopy Protocol

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CellMask™DeepRed (ThermoFisher Scientific, Waltham, MA, USA); Cy3® goat anti rabbit IgG (Jackson ImmunoResearch, Dianova, Hamburg, Germany); Chelex® 100 Resin (Bio-Rad, Hercules, CA, USA); Dulbecco’s modified Eagles medium (DMEM) (PAN-Biotech, Aidenbach, Germany); Hoechst 33258 (Sigma Aldrich, Munich, Germany); fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-dextran 20 (TdB, Uppsala, Sweden); fetal calf serum (FCS) (CCPro, Oberdorla, Germany); mucin from porcine stomach Type II (Sigma Aldrich, Munich, Germany); PAR (Sigma Aldrich, Munich, Germany); Transwell inserts (Corning, New York, NY, USA); N,N,N′,N′-Tetrakis(2-pyridylmethyl)ethylenediamine (TPEN) (Sigma Aldrich, Munich, Germany); WillCo-dish® glass bottom dish (WillCo, Amsterdam, The Netherlands); Zincon (Sigma Aldrich, Munich, Germany); ZnSO4·7H2O (Sigma Aldrich, Munich, Germany). All other chemicals were purchased from standard sources.
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