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8 protocols using glu1 fibrinopeptide b

1

Quantitative Phosphopeptide Analysis by LC-MS/MS

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Purified phosphopeptides were dissolved in aqueous 0.1% (v/v) TFA. For LC–MS/MS (Q‐TOF Premier mass spectrometer, Waters Corp., Milford, MA), samples were individually injected into a 2‐cm × 180‐μm capillary‐trap column and separated through a 75‐μm × 25‐cm nanoACQUITY 1.7‐μm BEH C18 column controlled by a nanoACQUITY Ultra‐Performance LC system (Waters Corp). Peptides were eluted in aqueous 0.1% FA that contained a gradient of 0–80% ACN over 120 min. The mass spectrophotometer was operated in the ESI‐positive V mode with a resolving power of 10,000. A NanoLockSpray source was used for accurate mass measurement, and the lock mass channel was sampled every 30 s. The spectrometer was calibrated with a synthetic human [Glu1]‐fibrinopeptide B (1 pmol/μl, Sigma Aldrich) delivered through the NanoLockSpray source. Data acquisition was operated in the data‐directed mode and included a full MS scan (400–1,600 m/z, 0.6 s) and three MS/MS scans (100–1,990 m/z, 1.2 s per scan) of the three most intense ions in the full scan mass spectrum.
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2

Dissolved Protein Standard Samples

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[Glu1]‐Fibrinopeptide B, bovine ubiquitin, bovine β‐lactogl‐obulin and bovine calmodulin (Sigma‐Aldrich, Gillingham, Dorset, UK) were each dissolved at a concentration of 0.2 mg/mL in 50 mM ammonium acetate buffer. Fifteen percent TFE (Sigma‐Aldrich) was added as stated.
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3

Cyanotoxin and Peptide Reference Standards

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All microcystins variants (MC-LR, DM-LR, MC-RR, MC-LF, and MC-YR) and other cyanobacterial peptides; anabaenopeptin A and B (ANBP-A and ANBP-B, respectively), aerucyclamide A and D (AC-A and AC-D, respectively) were obtained from Enzo Life Sciences (Exeter, UK). The non-cyanobacterial peptides; cyclosporin-A, (Glu1)-fibrinopeptide-B, leucine-enkephalin, and oxytocin were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich® (Irvine, UK) as well as R2A bacterial culture media, HPLC-grade methanol, acetonitrile, and LC-MS grade formic acid. All peptides and R2A media were solubilized and prepared using ultrapure water at 18.2 MΩ.cm obtained by ELGA® ultrapure water systems (United Kingdom). Peptides were diluted to achieve a final concentration of 10 µg/mL.
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4

Mass Spectrometric Analysis of Lipid-Modified Peptide

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Following ZipTip purification,
iso[4]LGE2-modified N-acetylglycyllysine methyl ester
was analyzed on a quadrupole-time-of-flight (Q-TOF-2) mass spectrometer
(Waters). The modified peptide (133 fmol/μl) was infused onto a
capillary column (PicoFrit 75μm x 70 mm, 15
μ tip ID; New Objective Inc., Woburn, MA) at 0.5 μl/min using a
syringe pump (Harvard apparatus, Pump 11) with a 100 μl Hamilton
syringe, and ionized using an electrospray source designed in-house. The mass
spectrometer was operated in MS and MS/MS modes. MS data was collected over the
mass range of 50–1500 m/z and MS/MS data was analyzed with MassLynx v4.1
software (Waters). The instrument was calibrated using a solution of
[Glu1]-Fibrinopeptide B (Sigma) in 50% v/v aqueous
acetonitrile containing 0.1% v/v formic acid. The intensity of the peak
from the MS/MS spectrum at m/z 785.84 m/z was used as a reference for
calibration with mass measurement error of ≤ 10 ppm.
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5

High-Resolution ESI-QTOF-MS Analysis of Biomolecules

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Samples were loaded onto a Macherey-Nagel EC 125/2 NUCLEODUR 100–5 C18 ec column (5 μm particle size, 100 Å pore size, 2 mm×125 mm) and run through a solvent gradient of 3% to 97% solvent B (acetonitrile with 0.1% formic acid) for 10 min at 0.2 mL/min. Water with 0.1% formic acid was used as solvent A. The fractionated sample was analyzed by ESI-QTOF-MS (ESI positive mode) using a Waters Synapt mass spectrometer. Instrument calibration was done prior to sample injection. The capillary voltage was set to 3.0–3.5 kV, while the ionization source and desolvation gas were heated to 120 °C and 300 °C, respectively. The cone and desolvation gases were set to 80 L/h and 600 L/h, respectively. The transfer collision energy used for both MS and MS/MS analyses was 4 V. For MS analysis, the trap collision energy was set to 6 V. For MS/MS analysis, a 15 to 30 V trap collision energy ramp was applied on multiply charged parent ions to achieve fragmentation. [Glu1]-Fibrinopeptide B (Sigma) was directly infused for lock mass recalibration. Spectra were processed using MaxEnt3 software and analyzed using MassLynx V4.1 (Waters).
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6

UPLC-QTOF-MS Analysis of Antimicrobial Compounds

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The fractions that showed antimicrobial activity were analyzed with a Nano Acquity UPLC system coupled to a quadropole time-of-flight mass spectrometer (Qtof Micro, Waters, Milford, MA). During MS analysis the capillary voltage was 4100 V, sample cone 30 V, and the collision energy was set to 5 V, but increased to 15, 25, 40, 55, and 65 V with a 1 second interscan time during MS/MS analysis. The column was a C18 Nano Acquity 75 μm × 250 mm column with 1.7 μm particle size (Waters, Milford, MA). The lock mass was a 1.27 μM solution of (Glu1)-Fibrinopeptide B (Sigma Aldrich, St Louis, MO), infused at a flow rate of 0.4 μL/min. All spectra and chromatograms were analyzed with MassLynx version 4.0 software package. The two eluents: A and B, were water and acetonitrile, respectively, with 0.1% formic acid at a flow rate of 0.250 μL/min. All samples were injected and separated on the column with an isocratic step of 1% B for 1 minute, and a gradient increasing to 90% B during 49 minutes, and held for 4 minutes. To avoid possible microbial growth in eluent A, 0.05% MeOH was added.
1H NMR experiments were performed on a Bruker 600 MHz spectrometer equipped with a smartprobe, using tetramethylsilane as internal standard. All samples were dissolved in 99.9% dimethylsulfoxide-d6 and analyzed at 25°C.
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7

Optimized Infusion of Glu-Fibrinopeptide

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In addition to the three instruments described above, three additional instruments were used and configured similarly: an LTQ (the quadrupole ion trap portion of an LTQ-Orbitrap), an LTQ modified in-house with an ion funnel (the quadrupole ion trap portion of an LTQ-FT), and another standalone LTQ-Velos. Glu[1]-fibrinopeptide B (Sigma) was dissolved in 50:49.9:0.1 (v/v/v) water:methanol:formic acid to a concentration of 1 µM. The peptide solution was infused using the IonMax ESI probe (metal needle kit) and source housing (Thermo) with nitrogen sheath gas, ESI voltage, and source parameters optimized for the particular instrument in use. A separate syringe pump (Harvard Apparatus) supplied a sample flow rate of 3 µL/min. The same source, probe, tubing, syringe pump, and flow rate were used for all infusion experiments. The front-end optics of all instruments were tuned using the 2+ charge state of Glu[1]-fibrinopeptide B (m/z ∼ 786). The MS/MS ion target was set at 10,000 ions, and CID parameters were the same for all instruments.
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8

Comprehensive Chemical Sourcing for Research

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A comprehensive range of chemicals, including PHE, dithiothreitol (DTT), formic acid, [Glu1]-fibrinopeptide B, microbiological agar, and others essential for our procedures, were sourced primarily from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA) and Fluka (Buchs, Switzerland). Additional reagents, such as the complete mini-protease inhibitor cocktail, were procured from Roche (Mannheim, Germany), while LiChrosolv quality solvents were obtained from Merck (Darmstadt, Germany). Specific enzymes, including trypsin and benzonase, were supplied by Promega (Madison, WI, USA).
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