The count of somatic cells in milk, epithelial cells and leukocytes was determined by electronic cell counter (Fossomatic 5000; Foss Electric A/S, Hillerød, Denmark) using a cytometric method of fluoro-optoelectronic counting according to ISO 13366-2:2006 standard (12 ).
Fossomatic 5000
Manufactured by Foss
Sourced in Denmark, Spain
The Fossomatic 5000 is a laboratory automation instrument designed for the analysis of various samples. It utilizes advanced technology to perform precise and reliable measurements. The core function of the Fossomatic 5000 is to automate and streamline the analytical process, providing consistent and accurate results.
Automatically generated - may contain errors
Lab products found in correlation
Milkoscan ft6000, by Foss (11 mentions)
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Milkoscan 6000, by Foss (2 mentions)
Milkoscan ft 120, by Foss (1 mentions)
Rf 10axl fluorescence detector, by Shimadzu (1 mentions)
Milkoscan ft1, by Foss (1 mentions)
Formagraph, by Foss (1 mentions)
Sevenmulti ph meter, by Mettler Toledo (1 mentions)
Conventional ph meter, by Crison (1 mentions)
120 milko scan, by Foss (1 mentions)
Milkoscan ft 6000 series, by Foss (1 mentions)
Sheep blood, by bioMérieux (1 mentions)
Glp 22, by Crison (1 mentions)
Bactoscan fc150 analyzer, by Foss (1 mentions)
Combifoss 5000, by Foss (1 mentions)
37 protocols using fossomatic 5000
1
Somatic Cell Counting in Milk
2
Milk Composition and Yield Analysis
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The morning and afternoon milk samples were analyzed separately for fat, protein (N × 6.38), lactose (infrared method; Milkoscan 4000, Foss Eletric, Hillerød, Denmark), urea content (enzymatic-colorimetric method based on Berthelot reaction; Chemspec 150, Bentley Instruments Inc., Chaska, MN, USA) and somatic cell count (SCC, flow-cytometry method; Fossomatic 5000, Foss Electric, Hillerød, Denmark). Fat-corrected milk yield (FCM) was calculated separately for the two species. For ewes, milk production was normalized at 6.5% fat as FCM (6.5%) = 0.37 × milk yield (kg/d) + 9.7 × milk fat (%) × milk yield (kg/d), according to the equation developed by Pulina et al. [13 ]. For goats, milk production was normalized at 3.5% fat as FCM (3.5%) = 0.63 × milk yield (kg/d) + 10.5 × milk fat (%) × milk yield (kg/d), according to Pulina et al. [14 ]. Daily milk net energy (NEL, Mcal of NE/d) was calculated as NEL = (251.73 + 89.64 × PQ + 37.85 × (PP/0.95)) × Yn/1000, for ewes, and NEL = (289.72 + 71.93 × PQ + 48.28 × (PP/0.92)) × Yn/1000 for goats, according to Tedeschi et al. [15 (link)]. In particular, Yn is measured milk yield at a particular day of lactation (kg/d), PQ is measured milk fat at a particular day of lactation (%), PP is measured true milk protein for a particular day of lactation (%).
3
Mastitis Induction and Milk Analysis
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Except for the front left udder quarters of the two studied cows, the remaining three quarters for each cow were involved in the treatments. The rear left and right udder quarters for each cow were inoculated with 10 mL low- (106 cfu/mL) and high- (109 cfu/mL) concentration of S. aureus through teat canal after morning milking respectively, while the front right quarter received 10 mL 0.9% sterile pyrogen-free saline at the start of the trial as placebo. The rectal body temperature was recorded at 0, 6, 12, 18, and 24 h post S. aureus challenge respectively. Around 10~30 mL milk sample was aseptically collected from each udder quarter at the same time points (i.e., 0, 6, 12, 18, and 24 h) throughout the trial. The milk SCC was then determined using Fossomatic 5000*(FOSS Electric, Hillerod, Denmark). The infected cows were kept isolated from the herd during the entire experiment.
4
Milk Production and Metabolic Profiles in Primiparous Cows
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The BW of the primiparous cows and their calves was recorded once a week throughout the first lactation, and their ADG was calculated using linear regression of BW against time. The cows were milked monthly during 4 mo of lactation using the oxytocin and machine milking technique (Le Du et al., 1979) (link) to determine milk quantity and composition. Milk fat and protein content were analyzed using an infrared scan (MilkoScan 4000TM; Foss Electric Ltd., Hillerød, Denmark) . Somatic cell count (SCC) was determined using the flow cytometry method with an automated somatic cell counter (Fossomatic 5000; Foss Electric Ltd.). At the end of the first lactation, the primiparous cows were bled from the coccygeal vein at 0800 h, before feeding. Blood samples were collected into tubes that contained EDTA (Vacuette España S.A., Madrid, Spain) to determine plasma glucose concentrations and into heparinized tubes (Vacuette España S.A.) to determine IGF-I and leptin concentrations. Immediately after collection, blood samples were centrifuged at 1,500 × g for 20 min at 4°C, and the plasma was harvested and stored at -20°C until analyses.
5
Detailed Bovine Milk Yield and Composition Analysis
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The cows were machine milked twice daily at about 06•30 and 15•30. Milk yield was recorded and milk samples were collected at every milking. Milk yield recordings and milk samples were obtained with the TruTester technique (TruTest, The Netherlands). Evening milking on day 4, 11 and 18 and morning milking on day 5, 12 and 19 was performed with a milking machine that separates milk from each udder quarter (provided by DeLaval International AB, Tumba, Sweden). Cups were removed for each quarter individually when flow was <300 g/ min. The weight of milk obtained from each quarter was recorded. Milk samples were collected from each quarter at these milkings. All milk samples were analyzed for fat, protein and lactose using Milko Scan FT 120 (FOSS Analytical, Hillerød, Denmark). The somatic cell count was determined by Fossomatic 5000 (FOSS Analytical, Hillerød, Denmark). The quarter milk samples obtained on day 4-5, 11-12 and 18-19 for morning and evening milk respectively were analyzed by the Section of Mastitis, National Veterinary Institute, Uppsala, Sweden for bacteriological growth using Mastistrip™ (Department of Mastitis and Diagnostic Products, National Veterinary Institute, Uppsala, Sweden).
6
Milk Composition and BCAA Analysis
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Milk composition was assessed using an infrared milk analyzer (Milkoscan FT 6000 combined with a Fossomatic 5000, Foss Electric, Hillerød, Denmark). Serum BCAA concentrations were measured via HPLC in an RF-10A XL fluorescence detector (Shimadzu, Kyoto, Japan) based on o-phtaldialdehyde/3-mercaptopropionic acid derivatization as previously described (Fürst et al., 1990) . Inter-and intra-assay variances were <5%.
7
Dairy Cow Milk Yield and Inflammatory Markers
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Cows were milked at 05:00, 13:00, and 21:00 m and milk yield was documented daily. A 50-mL milk sample was taken to determine milk protein (MilkoScan™ FT1, FOSS, Denmark) and somatic cell count (SCC) (Fossomatic 5000, FOSS).
Samples of rumen fluid were taken from each cow at 1-h intervals starting at 04:00 on the sampling day of the 18th week. Collected samples were filtered through 2 layers of gauze and stored at −20°C for LPS analysis.
Blood samples were collected 4 h after feeding on the sampling day of the 18th week. The samples were obtained via the lacteal artery and vein in 5-mL vacuum tubes containing sodium heparin. Plasma was isolated from blood samples by centrifugation at 1,469 × g at 4°C for 15 min and was stored at −20°C for LPS analysis.
Tissue samples of mammary glands were taken by biopsy on the sampling day from the same quarter of the mammary gland, snap-frozen in liquid nitrogen and then stored at −80°C for further analysis.
Samples of rumen fluid were taken from each cow at 1-h intervals starting at 04:00 on the sampling day of the 18th week. Collected samples were filtered through 2 layers of gauze and stored at −20°C for LPS analysis.
Blood samples were collected 4 h after feeding on the sampling day of the 18th week. The samples were obtained via the lacteal artery and vein in 5-mL vacuum tubes containing sodium heparin. Plasma was isolated from blood samples by centrifugation at 1,469 × g at 4°C for 15 min and was stored at −20°C for LPS analysis.
Tissue samples of mammary glands were taken by biopsy on the sampling day from the same quarter of the mammary gland, snap-frozen in liquid nitrogen and then stored at −80°C for further analysis.
8
Milk Composition and Somatic Cell Analysis
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Morning milk samples from Swedish Red (n = 58) were collected as described by Gustavsson et al. (2014a) . Morning milk samples from Swedish Mountain cattle (n = 23) and Swedish Red Polled (n = 8) were collected from southern Sweden (Mjölby and Vellinge, respectively). On the day of sampling, the collected milk samples were aliquoted, skimmed (centrifuged for 30 min, 2,000 × g at 4°C), and refrigerated at 4°C for up to 6 h before being subjected to rheological analyses or frozen for later analyses (-20°C). Individual fresh milk samples were analyzed for SCC using flow cytometry (Fossomatic 5000, Foss Analytical, Hillerød, Denmark) and overall milk composition (contents of total protein, fat and lactose) using infrared spectroscopy (MilkoScan FT2, Foss Analytical) at a certified dairy analysis laboratory (Eurofins Steins Laboratory, Jönköping, Sweden).
9
Milk Quality and Coagulation Analysis
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The milking systems on both farms were equipped with the same Lactocorder® (WMB AG, Balgach, Switzerland). This device provided data on individual milk yield during the sub-sampling sessions and took milk samples representative of each whole milking at each milking. Morning and evening samples of each day were pooled. Milk fat, protein, lactose, casein, urea, titratable acidity (°SH), and pH were analyzed by mid-infrared spectroscopy (MilkoScan FT6000, Foss Electric A/S, Hillerød, Denmark). The somatic cell count was determined by a fluorimetric method (Fossomatic 5000, Foss Electric, Hillerød, Denmark). The remaining milk was frozen and stored at −20 °C until being analyzed for FA, according to Koczura et al. [27 (link)]. In order to determine rennet coagulation properties, two replicates of 10 ml of fresh milk were added to 200 µL of a freshly prepared 2% v/v rennet solution (Caglio Clerici 1:10,000 with 80% chymosin and 20% pepsin, Como, Italy), following the rennet concentration used for the production of Fontina PDO cheese. Samples were incubated at 35 °C for 45 min in a Formagraph (Foss Electric A/S, Hillerød, Denmark). The measured variables were rennet coagulation time, curd firming time to reach a value of 20 mm (k20), and curd firmness after a strengthening time equal to the rennet coagulation time (AR).
10
Milk Composition and Quality Analysis
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The fat, protein and lactose content of the milk samples was determined by Milcoscan 4000 (FOSS, Hillerød, Denmark) and the somatic cell count (SCC) by Fossomatic 5000 (FOSS) at vzw Melkcontrolecentrum-Vlaanderen (Lier, Belgium). A SevenMulti pH meter was used from Mettler-Toledo Inc. (Columbus, OH) for pH-measurements. In Europe, the norm for somatic cells is ≤4×105 ml−1; the criterion is applied on rolling geometric averages (Corrigendum to Regulation (EC) No 853/2004 [2] ).
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