Spider limb positioner

All of the procedures were performed by the same orthopedic surgeon with 12 years of experience who performs about 120 shoulder surgeries annually. He had the assistance of a scrub nurse and, occasionally, an assistant, with the patient under general anesthesia and interscalene block. The patient was positioned in the beach chair position (30–40°) with the ipsilateral limb placed on a movable arm positioner (Spider Limb Positioner, Smith & Nephew, Andover, MA, USA). Systolic blood pressure was, when possible, kept below 100 mmHg. The surgical technique used specifically designed equipment for the arthroscopic surgical procedure (Latarjet Guiding System; Smith & Nephew Inc., Andover, MA, USA) and was previously described by Boileau et al. [12 (link)]. Briefly, the technique followed five steps: (1) coracoid preparation, drilling, and osteotomy; (2) glenoid preparation and drilling; (3) subscapularis splitting and axillary nerve protection; (4) coracoid transfer and fixation; and (5) Bankart repair.
The operating time (from incision to skin closure) was recorded. The following intraoperative events were noted: conversion to open surgery, the occurrence of a fracture of the bone block, or an occurrence of a hardware-related complication.