Vmp3 electrochemical workstation

Manufactured by Bio-Logic

Sourced in France

The VMP3 electrochemical workstation is a versatile instrument designed for electrochemical analysis and testing. It provides a stable and precise platform for conducting a range of electrochemical techniques, including cyclic voltammetry, chronoamperometry, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The VMP3 is equipped with multiple channels, allowing for simultaneous measurements and data collection.

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Lab products found in correlation

Whatman, by Cytiva (2 mentions) Battery test system, by Neware (2 mentions) Interface 1000, by Gamry (1 mentions) Battery testing system, by Neware (1 mentions) Unilab plus, by MBraun (1 mentions) Bts 5v10ma, by Neware (1 mentions)

Close spelling variants of this product

Electrochemical workstation (16 citations) VMP3 workstation (4 citations) VMP3 multichannel electrochemical workstation (2 citations)

29 protocols using vmp3 electrochemical workstation

Electrochemical CO2 Reduction Characterization

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The electrocatalytic performance was characterized in a three-electrode
H-type cell system with two-compartments separated by a Nafion N-117
membrane, including a reference electrode (Ag/AgCl electrode), a counter
electrode (Pt plate), and a working electrode (catalyst-loaded carbon
paper). All potentials were referred to the RHE with E_RHE = E⁰_Ag/AgCl + E_Ag/AgCl + 0.059 × pH.^{32 (link),33 (link)} A BioLogic VMP3 electrochemical workstation was used to perform
electrochemical experiments.
During electrochemical CO₂ reduction experiments, the CO₂ gas was delivered with
a rate of 20 mL min^–1 into the cell, and gas chromatography
was used to test the final gas phase composition every 20 min. Meanwhile,
we collected data three times to get an average value.

Han X., Zhang T., Biset-Peiró M., Zhang X., Li J., Tang W., Tang P., Morante J.R, & Arbiol J. (2022). Engineering the Interfacial Microenvironment via Surface Hydroxylation to Realize the Global Optimization of Electrochemical CO2 Reduction. ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, 14(28), 32157-32165.

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Electrochemical Performance and Lithium Diffusion in Li-S and Na-S Batteries

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The electrochemical performance of the batteries was tested on a LAND Battery Tester with a voltage window of 1.7–2.8 V for the Li–S batteries and 0.8–2.8 V for the RT Na–S batteries. All the capacities of cells were normalized based on the weight of sulfur. Cyclic voltammetry (CV) was performed using a Biologic VMP-3 electrochemical workstation. Calculation of the lithium-ion diffusion coefficient: In order to explore the lithium diffusion properties, we performed cyclic voltammetry (CV) measurements under different scanning rates. All the cathodic and anodic peak currents were linear with respect to the square root of the scan rate, from which the lithium diffusion performance could be estimated using the classical Randles–Sevcik equation:

I_{p} = (2.69 \times 10^{5}) n^{1.5} A D^{0.5} C ν^{0.5}

where I_p is the peak current, n is the charge transfer number, A is the electrode area, D is the lithium-ion diffusion coefficient, C is the Li⁺ concentration, and ν is the scan rate.

Liu H., Lai W.H., Yang Q., Lei Y., Wu C., Wang N., Wang Y.X., Chou S.L., Liu H.K, & Dou S.X. (2021). Understanding Sulfur Redox Mechanisms in Different Electrolytes for Room-Temperature Na–S Batteries. Nano-Micro Letters, 13, 121.

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Luffa-derived Carbon Capacitive Performance

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The capacitive performance of Luffa derived carbon was studied using cyclic voltammetry (CV) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) in a three-electrode configuration in a 1 M NaCl solution. The three-electrode system consists of a working electrode, a Pt foil as a counter electrode and a standard calomel electrode (SCE) as a reference. The working electrode was prepared by first mixing a slurry of 80 wt% active material, 10 wt% carbon black and 10 wt% polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) with N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) as a solvent. This slurry was then coated onto a graphite current collector and dried at 80 °C overnight to form the working electrode (1 × 1 cm², ∼1.2 mg). The specific capacitance (C, F g⁻¹) was calculated using CV curves obtained from eqn (1)^{32 (link)} as follows: where I is the current density (A), ΔV is the potential window, v is the scan rate (V s⁻¹) and m is the mass of the active material (g). All electrochemical experiments were conducted using a Bio-logic VMP3 electrochemical workstation.

Sriramulu D., Vafakhah S, & Yang H.Y. (2019). Activated Luffa derived biowaste carbon for enhanced desalination performance in brackish water. RSC Advances, 9(26), 14884-14892.

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Fabrication and Characterization of GMNCs-based Electrodes

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The working electrodes were fabricated by spreading a mixture of active materials (GMNCs, MnO@C and Mn₃O₄, 80 wt%), acetylene black (10 wt%) and polyvinylidene difluoride (binder 10 wt%) in appropriate amount of NMP (as solvent) on Cu foil using an Automatic Film Coater. Coin cells (CR2025) were laboratory-assembled by using lithium metal as the counter electrode, Celgard 2400 membrane as the separator, and LiPF₆ (1 M in ethylene-carbonate/dimethyl-carbonate, EC/DMC, 1 : 1 v/v) as the electrolyte. Galvanostatic charge/discharge tests were carried out on a Land Battery Measurement System (Land, China). Cyclic voltammetry (CV) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) were performed using a VMP3 electrochemical workstation (Bio-logic Inc.).

Wang Y., Ding X., Wang F., Li J., Song S, & Zhang H. (2016). Nanoconfined nitrogen-doped carbon-coated MnO nanoparticles in graphene enabling high performance for lithium-ion batteries and oxygen reduction reaction †Electronic supplementary information (ESI) available: Additional chemicals and materials, electrocatalysis measurements in detail, XRD, and electrochemical characterizations. See DOI: 10.1039/c5sc04668h. Chemical Science, 7(7), 4284-4290.

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Fabrication and Characterization of Na-S Cells

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The cathode electrodes for Na–S cells which were assembled in an argon-filled glove box, were conducted by mixing 70 wt% active materials (NiS₂@NPCTs/S, NPCTs/S, and CNTs-S), 20 wt% carbon black, and 10 wt% carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) binder in distilled water. The formed slurry was then pasted on Al foil via a coater (Hohsen-MC20), which was followed by drying under vacuum at 60 °C overnight. The assembled Na–S coin cells were included the punched circular working electrodes with the average mass loading of 2.5 mg cm⁻² for the active material and metallic sodium (reference and counter electrode) which were separated by glass fiber separator (Whatman GF/F). The 1 M NaClO₄ electrolyte used in Na–S cells were prepared by ethylene carbonate (EC)/propylene carbonate (PC) in 1:1 volume ratio, with 3 wt% fluoroethylene carbonate as additives (EC/PC + 3 wt% FEC). The electrochemical data were collected by NEWARE coin cell tester and Biologic VMP-3 electrochemical workstation with a voltage window from 0.8 to 2.8 V (vs. Na/Na⁺).

Yan Z., Xiao J., Lai W., Wang L., Gebert F., Wang Y., Gu Q., Liu H., Chou S.L., Liu H, & Dou S.X. (2019). Nickel sulfide nanocrystals on nitrogen-doped porous carbon nanotubes with high-efficiency electrocatalysis for room-temperature sodium-sulfur batteries. Nature Communications, 10, 4793.

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Sulfur-Based Electrode Preparation and Testing

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The sulfur-based electrode
was prepared as follows. The active materials S@HCP and polyvinylidene
fluoride (PVDF) binder were mixed in N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone
(NMP) to form a uniform slurry, which was then cast on the Al foil
and then roll-pressed after vacuum drying at 40 °C to remove
the residual solvent. The sulfur loading on the electrode was controlled
at around 1.23 mg cm^–2. The electrode was punched
into a circular piece before assembling the battery. The electrochemical
tests with the configuration of S@HCP-based electrode|separator|metallic
lithium were performed using R2032 coin-type cells, which were assembled
in an argon-filled glove box using the electrolytes of 1.0 M LiTFSI
and 0.4 M LiNO₃ in DOL/DME. The used volume of the electrolyte
for each cell was about 150 μL. Cyclic voltammetry (CV) studies
were performed using a VMP3 electrochemical workstation at a scan
rate of 0.25 mV s^–1 (Bio-Logic). The galvanostatic
charge–discharge performances were measured under cutoff voltages
of 1.8–2.8 V using a Land battery testing system at room temperature.

Ding X., Jin J., Huang X., Zhou S., Xiao A., Chen Y, & Zuo C. (2019). An in Situ Template for the Synthesis of Tunable Hollow Carbon Particles for High-Performance Lithium–Sulfur Batteries. ACS Omega, 4(14), 16088-16094.

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Electrochemical Characterization of Li3VO4 Anode

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The electrochemical tests were conducted by assembling coin‐type CR2023 cells in an argon‐filled glove box. The slurry consisted of 80 wt.% Li₃VO₄, 10 wt.% carbon black, and 10 wt.% polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF). The Li₃VO₄ electrode can be obtained by pasting the slurry on copper foil using a doctor blade with a thickness of 100 µm, which was followed by drying at 120 °C in a vacuum oven overnight. The working electrodes were prepared by punching the electrode film into discs 0.96 cm in diameter. Lithium foil was employed for both reference and counter electrodes. The electrodes were separated by a Celgard separator. The electrolyte was 1.0 M LiPF₆ in 3:4:3 (weight ratio) of ethylene carbonate (EC)/dimethyl carbonate (DMC)/diethylene carbonate (DEC), with a 5 wt.% fluoroethylene carbonate (FEC) additive from Novolyte Technologies. The electrochemical performances were tested on a Land battery test system with a cut‐off voltage range from 0.20 to 3.00 V (vs. Li /Li⁺). Cyclic voltammetry and impedance testing were performed using a Biologic VMP‐3 electrochemical workstation from 0.20 to 3.00 V at a sweep rate of 0.05 mV s⁻¹.

Sun Y., Li C., Yang C., Dai G., Li L., Hu Z., Wang D., Liang Y., Li Y., Wang Y., Xu Y., Zhao Y., Liu H., Chou S., Zhu Z., Wang M, & Zhu J. (2021). Novel Li3VO4 Nanostructures Grown in Highly Efficient Microwave Irradiation Strategy and Their In‐Situ Lithium Storage Mechanism. Advanced Science, 9(3), 2103493.

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Ionic Conductivity of Polymer Separators

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The ionic conductivities of PP, anatase TiO₂/PP, GO/PP, and Ti_0.87O₂/PP separators were calculated from electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) measurements. The separator saturated with electrolyte was sandwiched between two stainless steel electrodes in coin-type cells (CR 2032). The EIS tests for these symmetric cells were carried out at Open Circuit Potential (OCP) using a VMP3 electrochemical workstation (Bio-Logic Inc.) with an alternating-current (AC) voltage amplitude of 5 mV in a frequency range of 0.01–100 kHz. The bulk resistance was determined by the intercept of Nyquist plot with real axis. The ionic conductivity was calculated according to the following equation:

σ = \frac{l}{R_{b} A}

where σ stands for ionic conductivity, l represents the thickness of the membrane, A is the area of the stainless steel electrode, and R_b refers to the bulk resistance.

Xiong P., Zhang F., Zhang X., Liu Y., Wu Y., Wang S., Safaei J., Sun B., Ma R., Liu Z., Bando Y., Sasaki T., Wang X., Zhu J, & Wang G. (2021). Atomic-scale regulation of anionic and cationic migration in alkali metal batteries. Nature Communications, 12, 4184.

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Fabrication and Characterization of Composite Electrodes

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Composite electrodes were fabricated using the active material, super S carbon and Kynar Flex 2801 (a co-polymer based on polyvinylidene difluoride) binder in a mass ratio of 80:10:10. The mixture was then cast on copper foil using tetrahydrofuran as the solvent. The loading of active material was ∼6–8 mg cm⁻². Electrochemical cells consisting of a Li(V_0.5Ti_0.5)S₂ composite electrode, a lithium metal counter electrode and a glass microfiber GF/F separator (WhatmanTM) saturated with electrolyte, a 1 M solution of LiPF₆ in ethylene carbonate–dimethyl carbonate 1:1 ((v/v) (BASF)), were constructed. Li-ion cells were constructed similarly with composite LiCoO₂ electrodes (LiCoO₂, Super S and Kynar Flex 2801 in a mass ratio of 80:10:10) replacing the lithium metal counter. Celgard monolayer polypropylene separator was used in addition to the glass microfiber separator. All handling was carried out in an Ar filled MBraun glovebox. Electrochemical measurements were conducted using a Maccor series 4,200 battery tester. Cyclic voltammetry and AC impedance were conducted on 3-electrode cells using a VMP3 electrochemical workstation (Biologic).

Clark S.J., Wang D., Armstrong A.R, & Bruce P.G. (2016). Li(V0.5Ti0.5)S2 as a 1 V lithium intercalation electrode. Nature Communications, 7, 10898.

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Electrochemical Performance of Graphene Papers

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In order to test the electrochemical performance of the obtained flexible free-standing GP and N-GP, working electrodes were prepared by directly pressing the papers onto the Cu current collector without carbon additives, polymer binders etc., and were assembled in a CR 2032-type coin cell configuration in a highly pure argon-filled glovebox, with a lithium foil as the counter/reference electrode, a polypropylene membrane (Celgard 2325) as the separator, 1 M LiPF₆ in ethylene carbonate and diethyl carbonate (EC/DMC, 1 : 1 vol) as the electrolyte. Charge–discharge measurements were done galvanostatically at various current densities in the voltage range of 0.01 V–2.0 V using a battery test system (LAND CT2001A model). Cyclic voltammetry (CV) was carried out in the potential range of 0.01 V–2.5 V (vs. Li/Li⁺) at a scan rate of 0.2 mV s⁻¹, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) was measured by applying an AC voltage of 5 mV amplitude in the frequency range of 100 kHz to 10 mHz using Biologic VMP3 electrochemical workstation. The electrical conductivity of GP and N-GP (d = 13 mm) was measured using a digital four-point-probe system (Guangzhou four-point-probe technology corporation). The thickness of the graphene based papers was determined from SEM images.

Wen H., Guo B., Kang W, & Zhang C. (2018). Free-standing nitrogen-doped graphene paper for lithium storage application. RSC Advances, 8(25), 14032-14039.

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