Hnh 318

Height without shoes and body weight (BW) in the lightest clothing were measured with an electronic device (OMRON, HNH-318). BMI was calculated by dividing weight by the square of height.
Bioelectrical impedance analysis (OMRON, DUALSCAN HDS-2000) was used to measure the VFA. The patient was positioned flat on the bed. The abdominal electrode belt was applied, and the hand and foot electrode clips were attached. The patient was asked to breathe calmly and to hold their breath at the end of exhalation. The instrument subsequently measured the abdominal VFA.
Bioelectrical impedance analysis is widely used for estimating body composition and health-related parameters.15 (link) In this study, the body composition of the patients was measured via bioelectrical impedance device (InBody770). Patients were instructed to stand on the instrument in an upright position with their feet centered on the electrodes. Patients then grasped the hand electrodes with their arms held wide. Patients were required to maintain this position for approximately 60 seconds during the analysis. Bioelectrical impedance analysis can provide a wide range of indicators, including body fat (BF), body fat percentage (BFP), skeletal muscle mass (SMM), skeletal muscle mass percentage (SMMP), lean body mass (LBM), lean body mass percentage (LBMP), bone mineral quality (BMQ) and water content.

A well-trained nurse collected anthropometric data (including body weight, height, as well as NC, WC and hip circumference [HC]) from all participants at baseline and from weight-loss participants after follow-up. Body weight and height of each patient were recorded using a calibrated scale (HNH-318, Omron, Japan) with 0.1kg and 0.5cm accuracy, respectively. BMI was calculated as weight/height squared (kg/m²). NC was measured horizontally at the level of the cricothyroid membrane using a standard flexible nonelastic metric tape, WC at the midway between the lower rib margin and the iliac crest, and HC at the symphysis greater trochanter level. Waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) was calculated as WC (cm)/HC (cm).

Anthropometric measurements, including height, body weight and waist circumference (WC), were measured with the patient wearing light clothing by well-trained endocrinology nurses. Height to the nearest 0.1 cm and body weight to the nearest 0.1 kg were measured using an electronic scale (OMRON HNH-318; Dalian, Liaoning Province, China). WC was measured at the midpoint between the inferior costal margin and the iliac crest in the midaxillary line. Body mass index (BMI), defining general obesity, was calculated as weight (kg)/height (m²). Patients were classified into four BMI categories according to the China Obesity Task Force, as follows: underweight (<18.5 kg/m²), normal weight (18.5–23.9 kg/m²), overweight (24.0–27.9 kg/m²) and obesity (≥28.0 kg/m²).18 Abdominal obesity was defined according to WC values: WC >90 cm in men or >85 cm in women.18 Blood pressure was measured using an electronic sphygmomanometer (ORMON HBP-9020; Dalian, Liaoning Province, China) on the right or left arm after a 10-minute rest.