G2 60 300

The myocardial tissue at the apex of the heart was cut into 1.0 mm fragments. The fragments were fixed in 2.5 % glutaraldehyde at 4°C for 2 h. After rinsing with phosphate buffer, the samples were fixed in 1 % osmic acid for 1 h followed by dehydration using a series of acetone washes. Tissues were embedded, cut into ultrathin sections, and stained with toluidine blue. The slides were observed under Cs-corrected transmission electron microscope with a monochromator (Titan G2 60-300, FEI).

The structure of the ZnO nanowire and LaB₆ nanowire were characterized by transmission electron microscopy (FEI Titan G2 60–300). The EDX analysis of the droplet of a ZnO nanowire was done using an Oxford Instruments X-MAX^N 20 silicon drift detector in a Zeiss SUPRA 60 SEM system.

Morphological structure characterizations of Mo₂C hybrids were performed on SEM (JEOL-JSM-7001F) and TEM (FEI Talos F200X, FEI Titan ChemisSTEM, FEI Titan Themis). HAADF-STEM images were carried out by a Cs-corrected FEI Titan G2 60-300 equipped with a Super-X EDS detector. The LADIA package was used to analysis the strain states of Mo₂C nanocrystals during the loading and unloading of tensile stress^{32 (link)}. The surface electronic structure was checked by XPS spectra (XPX, PHI-5702). The C and N K-edge NEXAFS spectra were measured at the photoemission end-station at beamline BL10B in the National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory (NSRL) in Hefei, China. X-ray absorption spectra (XANES and EXAFS) of Mo K-edge were measured on VESPERS beamline at the Canadian Light Source, by scanning a double crystal Si (111) monochromator and collecting emitted X-ray fluorescence.