Phospolipon 90G (P90G) was purchased from Lipoid AG (Cologne, Germany) with the support of its Italian agent AVG srl. Cholesterol (CHOL), ESN, BRB and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) were provided by Sigma-Aldrich (Milan, Italy). Methanol (MeOH), methanol HPLC grade, acetonitrile (ACN), formic acid, dichloromethane (CH2Cl2), dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) and formaldehyde solution, phosphate saline buffer (PBS), acetate buffer, NaOH, potassium borate, hyaluronidase from bovine testes Type IV-S, powder (mouse embryo tested, 750–3000 units/mg solid), compound 48/80 (condensation product of N-methyl-p-methoxyphenethylamine with formaldehyde, hyaluronic acid potassium salt from human umbilical cord, p-dimethylaminobenzaldehyde (98%, Ehrlich′s reagent) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (Milan, Italy). Piroxicam, progesteron, Prisma Buffer (P/N 110151), Hydration Solution (P/N: 120706) and Skin-PAMPATM system were purchased from pION Inc. (Billerica, MA, USA). Ultrapure water was produced by a synergy UV Simplicity water purification system provided by Merck KGaA (Molsheim, France). Phosphotungstic acid (PTA) was purchased from Electron Microscopy Sciences (Hatfield, PA, USA).
Acetate buffer
Manufactured by Merck Group
Sourced in United States, Germany, Brazil, Italy, Poland
Acetate buffer is a type of buffer solution used in laboratory settings. It serves to maintain a specific pH range, typically between 3.6 and 5.6, to create an optimal environment for various chemical and biochemical reactions. The buffer solution is composed of acetic acid and sodium acetate.
Automatically generated - may contain errors
Lab products found in correlation
Ferric chloride, by Merck Group (12 mentions)
Hydrochloric acid (hcl), by Merck Group (9 mentions)
Acetic acid, by Merck Group (8 mentions)
Dimethyl sulfoxide (dmso), by Merck Group (7 mentions)
Methanol, by Merck Group (7 mentions)
Gallic acid, by Merck Group (7 mentions)
Sodium hydroxide (naoh), by Merck Group (6 mentions)
Trolox, by Merck Group (6 mentions)
Folin ciocalteu reagent, by Merck Group (5 mentions)
Feso4 7h2o, by Merck Group (5 mentions)
Sodium dodecyl sulfate (sds), by Merck Group (4 mentions)
Ethanol, by Merck Group (4 mentions)
Fecl3, by Merck Group (4 mentions)
2 4 6 tripyridyl s triazine, by Merck Group (4 mentions)
Acetonitrile, by Merck Group (3 mentions)
Formic acid, by Merck Group (3 mentions)
Thiobarbituric acid, by Merck Group (3 mentions)
Ferrozine, by Merck Group (3 mentions)
Sodium carbonate, by Merck Group (3 mentions)
Chloroform, by Merck Group (3 mentions)
56 protocols using acetate buffer
1
Lipid-based Formulation Preparation and Characterization
2
MDA Quantification Protocol via HPLC-Fluorescence
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The assay was based on the reaction of MDA with thiobarbituric acid (23 mM, Sigma-Aldrich) in the presence of 13 mM sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS, Sigma-Aldrich), 3 mM EDTA (Sigma-Aldrich), and acetate buffer (pH = 3.5, Sigma-Aldrich) [41 (link)]. Reaction was carried at 95°C for 60 min, then cooled and centrifuged (5,000 g for 10 min). The supernatant was shaken with the same volume of butanol and centrifuged (5,000 g for 10 min). The organic layer was immediately analysed. Separation was performed on a C18 column (Kromasil C18, 250 × 4.6 mm, 5 μm, Sigma-Aldrich) with a mixture of methanol (POCH) and Mill-Q water (1 : 1) as the mobile phase. The flow was set at 1 ml/min. The excitation wavelength was set at 515 nm and the emission wavelength at 535 nm. Injections of 50 μl were performed. MDA was assayed on a high-performance liquid chromatograph (Shimadzu) equipped with two pumps (LC-10 AT VP and LC-10 AD VP), a column oven (CTO-10 A VP), a fluorescence detector (RF-10 A XL), a degasser (DGU-14A), and a system controller (SCL-10A VP).
3
Orange Peel Characterization and Analysis
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The oranges [C. sinensis (L.) Osbeck] were bought from the supermarket in Tangshan. Moisture content was determined by drying samples at 100 ± 0.5°C to a constant weight, and the moisture measured was 5.00%. The dry orange peel sample was obtained by oven controlled at a constant temperature of 60°C for 4 h and then smashed to pass through a 10-mesh screen.
Heat-stable α-amylase (30 U/mg) and neutral protease (200 U/mg) solutions were purchased from Solebo Biotech Ltd. (Beijing, China). Standard monosaccharides, ferric chloride, acetate buffer, tripyridine triazine (TPTZ), ferrozine, 2,2′-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS), and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, USA). All chemicals and reagents used were of analytical grade and purchased from Jiangtian Chemical Technology Co. Ltd. (Tianjin, China).
Heat-stable α-amylase (30 U/mg) and neutral protease (200 U/mg) solutions were purchased from Solebo Biotech Ltd. (Beijing, China). Standard monosaccharides, ferric chloride, acetate buffer, tripyridine triazine (TPTZ), ferrozine, 2,2′-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS), and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, USA). All chemicals and reagents used were of analytical grade and purchased from Jiangtian Chemical Technology Co. Ltd. (Tianjin, China).
4
Biopolymer Synthesis and Characterization
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1-Ethyl-3-methylimidazolium
acetate ([EMIm][OAc]),
dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), chitosan (low MW and medium MW), plant
α-cellulose, acetic acid, glucose, yeast extract, peptone, anhydrous
disodium phosphate, citric acid monohydrate, acetate buffer, sodium
acetate, ninhydrin, hydrindantin, 2-methoxyethanol, phosphate-buffered
saline (PBS), polystyrene latex particles, Dulbecco’s modified
Eagle’s medium (DMEM), fetal bovine serum (FBS), sodium pyruvate,
nonessential amino acids (NEAA), penicillin streptomycin (pen strep),
formalin, and methanol (MeOH) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich. Fluorescein
phalloidin (FITC), and 4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI)
were purchased from Thermo Fisher Scientific. Plant α-cellulose
and [EMIm][OAc] were dried at 60 °C en vacuo overnight; and DMSO
dried over activated 4 Å molecular sieves before use.
acetate ([EMIm][OAc]),
dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), chitosan (low MW and medium MW), plant
α-cellulose, acetic acid, glucose, yeast extract, peptone, anhydrous
disodium phosphate, citric acid monohydrate, acetate buffer, sodium
acetate, ninhydrin, hydrindantin, 2-methoxyethanol, phosphate-buffered
saline (PBS), polystyrene latex particles, Dulbecco’s modified
Eagle’s medium (DMEM), fetal bovine serum (FBS), sodium pyruvate,
nonessential amino acids (NEAA), penicillin streptomycin (pen strep),
formalin, and methanol (MeOH) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich. Fluorescein
phalloidin (FITC), and 4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI)
were purchased from Thermo Fisher Scientific. Plant α-cellulose
and [EMIm][OAc] were dried at 60 °C en vacuo overnight; and DMSO
dried over activated 4 Å molecular sieves before use.
5
Multistep Antibody Functionalization for Protein Detection
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PSA, monoclonal PSA capture antibody (c-Ab), and polyclonal PSA detection antibody (d-Ab) were ordered from SCIPAC Ltd. (Sittingbourne, UK). The triethylene glycol mono-11-mercaptoundecylether (thiol-PEG, #673110), phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) buffer tablets, and Tween-20 buffer were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich Co. (St Louis, MO, USA). The thiol-PEG7 acid (Thiol-COOH, #37156-0795) was purchased from Polypure AS (Oslo, Norway). 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-carbodiimide and N-hydroxysuccinimide were purchased from TCI (Tokyo, Japan). Alexa Fluor 647 protein labeling kit (A-20173) was purchased from Invitrogen (Singapore) for labeling the d-Ab at a dye-to-protein ratio of ~4. Acetate buffer (10 mM, pH 5.0) was prepared by suitable mixing of sodium acetate and acetic acid that were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich Co.
6
Analytical Techniques for Natural Product Characterization
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Ultrapure water was generated by GenPure equipment (TKA Wasseraufbereitungssysteme GmbH, Germany). Analytical grade solvents including ethanol, methanol, chloroform, acetic anhydride, glacial acetic acid, hydrochloric acid, nitric acid, and sulfuric acid and phytochemical reagents including bismuth sub-nitrate, bromine solution, ferric chloride, gelatin solution, iodine, magnesium ribbons, potassium iodide, p-anisaldehyde, Dragendorff's reagent, and iodine were acquired from Sigma–Aldrich Chemical Corporation (St. Louis, MO, USA). Potassium bromide (FTIR grade), Folin-Ciocalteu, l -ascorbic acid, and ICP multi-element standard solution XIII were supplied by Thermo Fisher Scientific (Massachusetts, USA), Loba Chemie (Mumbai, India), Chem-Supply Pty Ltd (Gillman, South Australia), and Agilent Technologies (Santa Clara, USA), respectively. Dimethyl sulfoxide-d6, gallic acid, sodium carbonate, aluminium chloride, and rutin hydrate, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,4,6-tris(2-pyridyl)-s-triazine (TPTZ), acetate buffer, and ferric chloride hexahydrate were obtained from Sigma–Aldrich Chemical Corporation (St. Louis, MO, USA). General purpose nutrient media, selective media, and silica gel 60 F254 aluminium sheets were bought from Merck KGaA (Darmstadt, Germany).
7
TUNEL Assay for Apoptosis Detection
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The TUNEL (Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling) assay for detection of apoptotic cells was performed on paraffin sections. Tissue sections were treated with 0.5% pepsin in Aqua, HCl, at 37°C. For positive controls bovine pancreas DNase I treatment was performed for 30 minutes at 37°C.
All sections were quenched of endogenous peroxidase in 3% hydrogen peroxidase in methanol for 5 min.
For TdT labeling the sections were incubated for 10 min in TdT buffer and then incubated in labeling mixture for one hour at 37°C.
The sections were incubated with Streptavidin-HRP for 30 minutes at room temperature.
For AEC (3-amino-9-ethylcarbazole) reaction one AEC substrate reagent was prepared (4 ml deionized water, 2 drops Acetate Buffer, 1 drop AEC Chromogen, Sigma, 1 drop 3% hydrogen peroxide). Two drops of this substrate reagent were applied on each slide, for 10 minutes.
All sections were quenched of endogenous peroxidase in 3% hydrogen peroxidase in methanol for 5 min.
For TdT labeling the sections were incubated for 10 min in TdT buffer and then incubated in labeling mixture for one hour at 37°C.
The sections were incubated with Streptavidin-HRP for 30 minutes at room temperature.
For AEC (3-amino-9-ethylcarbazole) reaction one AEC substrate reagent was prepared (4 ml deionized water, 2 drops Acetate Buffer, 1 drop AEC Chromogen, Sigma, 1 drop 3% hydrogen peroxide). Two drops of this substrate reagent were applied on each slide, for 10 minutes.
8
Enzymatic Assays for Collagenase, Elastase, and Tyrosinase
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Tricine buffer, collagenase (ChC—EC.3.4.23.3), N-[3-(2-furyl) acryloyl]-Leu–Gly–Pro–Ala (FALGPA), EGCG, N-Succinyl-Ala–Ala–Ala-p-nitroanilide (AAAPVN), Tris-HCL buffer, pancreatic elastase (PE), L-DOPA, mushroom tyrosinase, phosphate buffer, Kojic acid, calcium chloride, hyaluronic acid, potassium metaborate (KBO2), hyaluronidase, acetate buffer, 10 N HCl, acetic acid, and p-dimethylaminobenzaldehyde (DMAB) were bought from Sigma-Aldrich (Heliopolis, Cairo, Egypt). Methanol and hexane were bought from Al-brouj (Giza, Egypt). All solvents used were of analytical grade.
9
Antioxidant Capacity Assays
10
Antioxidant Activity Assay Reagents
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2,2-Diphenyl-l-picrylhydrazyl solution (DPPH), 2,4,6-tripyridyls-triazine (TPTZ), acetate buffer, ferric chloride (FeCl3·H2O), sodium acetate hydrate (C2H3NaO2·3H2O), aluminum chloride (AlCl3·6H2O), sodium hydroxide (NaOH), citric acid and 6-hydroxy-2,5,7,8-tetramethylchromane-2-carboxylic acid (Trolox), and Rutin (C27H30O16) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich Co. (St. Louis, USA); methanol and hexane analytical grade were obtained from HmbG Chemical Co. (Germany); Folin-Ciocalteu reagent and gallic acid were from Merck Co. (Darmstadt, Germany). Sodium carbonate (Na2CO3) and sodium nitrite (NaNO2) were purchased from System Co. (USA). BHA (butylated hydroxyanisole), α-tocopherol (C29H50O2), hydrochloric acid (HCl), sulfuric acid (H2SO4), and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) were purchased from Fischer Scientific Co. (Leicestershire, UK).
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