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70 protocols using anti mcl 1

1

Evaluating Mcl-1 Interactions with Bim and Bak

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Interactions between Mcl-1 and Bim or Bak were evaluated by co-IP analysis. CHAPS buffer (150 mmol/L NaCl, 10 mmol/L HEPES [N-2-hydroxyethylpiperazine-N′-2-ethanesulfonic acid] pH 7.4, protease inhibitors, and 1% CHAPS) was employed to avoid artifactual associations [43] (link). Cells were lysed in CHAPS buffer and 200 µg of protein per condition were immunoprecipitated with 1 µg anti-Mcl-1 (Santa Cruz Biotechnology or BD Biosciences), anti-Bak, or anti-Bim (Santa Cruz Biotechnology), followed by Dynabeads (Dynal, Oslo, Norway). IP samples were then subjected to Western blot analysis using anti-Bim (Millipore), anti-Mcl-1, or anti-Bak (Santa Cruz Biotechnology) as primary antibodies, respectively.
To monitor Bak and Bax conformational change, anti-Bax (6A7, Sigma) or anti-Bak (Ab-1, Millipore) antibodies, which only recognize Bax or Bak that have undergone conformational change, were used for IP, followed by Western blot analysis using anti-Bax and anti-Bak as primary antibodies.
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2

Western blot analysis of Bok, GFP, and actin

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All chemicals were purchased in pro analysi grade from Merck KGaA (Germany) or Carl Roth GmbH. Antibodies for western blot were rabbit anti-Bok (Abcam; EPR15331), mouse anti-GFP (BioLegend; Clone B34) and rabbit anti-Tom20 (Santa Cruz Biotechnology; FL-145), mouse anti-β-actin (Sigma; clone AC74), anti-Mcl-1 (Santa Cruz Biotechnology, H-260) anti-mouse-HRP and anti-rabbit-HRP (Jackson Laboratories).
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3

Protein Expression Analysis by Western Blot

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Cells were rinsed with ice-cold PBS 1X and lysed in RIPA buffer as previously described [8 (link)]. After centrifugation, proteins were quantified using the Bradford assay (Bio-Rad, CA). 30 μg of proteins were separated by SDS–PAGE (Biorad, France) and transferred to PVDF-membranes (Millipore, France). After blocking, membranes were incubated overnight at 4 °C with the following primary antibodies: anti-Mcl-1 (Santa Cruz Biotechnology, France), anti-Noxa (Calbiochem, France), anti-Bcl-2 (DAKO, France), anti-actin (Sigma, Saint Louis, USA), anti-Bcl-xL, PARP, Bim, caspase-3, p-AKT(thr308), p-AKT(ser473), AKT, p-ERK(Thr202/Tyr204), ERK, p-4E-BP1(Thr70), 4E-BP1, p-p70S6K(Thr389) and p70S6K (Cell Signaling Technology, Ozyme, France). Membranes were then incubated with the appropriate horseradish peroxidase-conjugated secondary antibodies (GE Healthcare, France). Revelation was done using ECL Prime Western Blot detection reagent (GE Healthcare, France).
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4

Western Blot Analysis of Cytoskeletal and Apoptosis Proteins

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Cells were re-suspended in lysis buffer (1% SDS; 10 mM EDTA; 50 mM Tris-Hcl pH 8.1; 1 mM PMSF; 10 μg/ml aprotinin; 10 μg/ml leupeptin; 10 μg/ml pepstatin; 1 mM Na3VO4 and 50 mM NaF). For western blotting, following SDS–PAGE, proteins were transferred to 0.45 µM nitrocellulose membranes using Trans-Blot® Turbo™ Transfer System Cell system (Bio-Rad). The membrane was then blocked in 5% nonfat dry milk TBS 0.05% Tween 20 and incubated with primary antibody overnight at 4 °C. Blots were incubated with the appropriate secondary antibodies for 1 h at room temperature and visualized using the Chemi-Doc XRS + system (Bio-Rad). The used primary antibodies were anti-α-SMA (Invitrogen) (MA5 11547), anti-Myosin-IIB (BioLegend) (909901), anti-MCL-1 (Santa Cruz) (sc-819) anti-Bax (Dako) (A3533), anti-Bak (Cell signaling) (3814), anti-Tom20 (ab186734) (Abcam) anti-β-ACTIN (Millipore) (MAB1501R). Whole uncropped images of the original western blots are presented in Supplementary Fig. 4.
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5

Comprehensive Western Blotting Procedure

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Western blotting was performed as described previously (Xie et al., 2017 (link)) with slight modifications. Cell pellets were resuspended in lysis buffer (50 mM Tris pH 7.4, 150 mM NaCl, 0.5% Triton X-100, 1mM EDTA pH 8.0, and protease cocktail inhibitor). Soluble extracts were prepared by centrifugation (14,000 × g for 20 min at 4°C). Cell lysates were separated by 6–15% SDS-PAGE and then transferred to nitrocellulose membranes (GE Healthcare). Membranes were blocked for 1 h with 3% dried skim milk in TBST (50 mM Tris pH 8.0, 150 mM NaCl, and 0.5% Tween 20) and incubated with the following primary antibodies, anti-HA (Santa Cruz, sc-805), anti-FLAG (Sigma Aldrich, F1804), anti-MYC (Cell Signaling, #2276), anti-BCL-xL (Cell Signaling, #2764), anti-MCL-1 (Santa Cruz, sc-819), anti-ACTIN (Santa Cruz, sc-47778), anti-GAPDH (Santa Cruz, sc-32233), anti-BCL2 (Santa Cruz, sc-7382), anti-BAX (Santa Cruz, sc-493), and anti-PARP1 (Santa Cruz, sc-7150). After incubation with primary antibodies, the membranes were incubated with the appropriate peroxidase-conjugated secondary antibodies (GeneDEPOT, USA). Protein expression was detected by enhanced chemiluminescence (ECL) reagents and LAS-3000 image analyzer (Fujifilm, Japan).
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6

Antibody Sources and Reagents

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Antibodies were obtained from the following sources; anti-MAP2, anti-beta-tubulin, and anti-synaptophysin from Cell Signaling Inc. (Beverly, MA), β-tubulin from LI-COR, Odyssey (Lincoln, NE), anti-SRSF1 from Invitrogen, anti-SRSF2 from Sigma Aldrich, anti-MCL1, anti-SRSF3, anti-SRSF4, and anti-HNRNP A1 from Santa Cruz Biotech, and anti-Grb2 from BD Biosciences. Mammalian protease inhibitors were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich (St Louis, MO). Bradford reagent was from BioWorld (Dublin, OH). MTT (3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-Diphenyltetrazolium Bromide) was obtained from Thermo Fisher Scientific (#M6494).
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7

Immunofluorescence Assay of C. trachomatis Infection

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HeLa229 and HEp-2 cells were grown on cover slips and infected with the indicated C. trachomatis strain at a MOI 1. The C. trachomatis pIncA-FLAG strain was a kind gift of P. Subbarayal (Subbarayal et al., 2015 (link)). At indicated time points, the cells were washed with PBS, fixed with 4% PFA/Sucrose and permeabilized with 0.2% Triton-X-100/PBS for 30 min. Samples were blocked with 2% FCS/PBS for 1 hr. All primary antibodies were incubated for 1 hr at RT. Primary antibodies were used in the following dilutions in 2% FCS/PBS: anti-HSP60 (Santa Cruz Biotechnology Cat# sc-57840 RRID:AB_783868; 1:300), anti-Mcl-1 (Santa Cruz Biotechnology Cat# sc-819 RRID:AB_2144105; 1:300), anti-FLAG (Sigma-Aldrich Cat# F3165 RRID:AB_259529; 1:300), anti-Cdu1 (1:200), anti-Ub- FK2 (Enzo Life Sciences Cat# BML-PW8810 RRID:AB_10541840; 1:100), anti-ubiquitin Lys48-specific (Millipore Cat# 05–1307 RRID:AB_1587578; 1:500). Samples were washed three times and incubated with a Cy2-/Cy3-/Cy5-conjugated secondary antibody for 1 hr in the dark.
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8

Whole-Cell Lysate Preparation and Western Blot Analysis

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Preparation of whole-cell lysates and Western blot analyses were performed as previously described (Sarkar et al., 2005b (link)). The primary antibodies used were anti-MDA-7/IL-24 (Gen Hunter Corporation, Nashville, TN), anti-EF1α (1:1,000; mouse mono-clonal; Millipore, Lake Placid, NY), anti-Mcl-1 (1:500; mouse monoclonal; Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA), anti-BiP/GRP78 (1:500; rabbit monoclonal; Santa Cruz, CA), anti-GRP94 (1:1,000; rabbit monoclonal; Sigma, St Louis, MO), and anti-PARP (1:1,000; rabbit monoclonal; Cell Signaling, Danvers, MA).
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9

Western Blotting of Oxidative Stress Markers

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Western blotting analyses were performed as described previously (Demelash et al. 2015). The membranes were visualized using enhanced chemiluminescence (ECL) reagents (GE Healthcare) or WesternBright Quantum kit (Advansta, Menlo Park, California, USA). The following antibodies (at the indicated dilutions) were used in this study: anti-NOX1 (rabbit, 1:500, Santa Cruz Biotechnology); anti-NOX4 (rabbit, 1:1000, Santa Cruz Biotechnology); anti-Mcl-1 (rabbit, 1:1000); anti-phospho-ATM Ser198 (ATM-S1981p, rabbit, 1:500); anti-phospho-ATR Ser428p (ATR-S rabbit, 1:500); anti-phospho-Chk1Ser345p (rabbit, 1:500); anti-phospho-Chk2T68p (rabbit 1:500). Antibodies were purchased from Cell Signaling Technology. Mouse anti-β-actin (Santa Cruz Biotechnology) at a dilution of 1:10000 was used as loading control.
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10

Apoptosis Pathway Protein Analysis

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HMCL were treated for 4 hours with the previously stated drug combinations. Cell lysates were prepared, separated by SDS‐PAGE, and transferred to nitrocellulose membranes. Detection antibodies included anti‐MCL1 and anti‐Bcl‐2 from Santa Cruz Biotechnology (Santa Cruz, CA) anti‐BCL‐XL (Bethyl laboratories, TX), anti‐Cyclin D1, anti‐Cyclin D2 and anti‐β‐actin were from Abcam (Cambridge, UK).
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