Hd120 mlc

Manufactured by Agilent Technologies

Sourced in United States

The HD120 MLC is a laboratory instrument designed for the measurement and analysis of material properties. It features a high-resolution digital camera and advanced image processing capabilities to capture and analyze microscopic images of materials. The HD120 MLC is a versatile tool that can be used in a variety of research and testing applications.

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Lab products found in correlation

Truebeam linear accelerator, by Agilent Technologies (3 mentions) Novalis tx, by Agilent Technologies (1 mentions) Truebeam stx, by Agilent Technologies (1 mentions) Edge linac, by Agilent Technologies (1 mentions) Edge machine, by Agilent Technologies (1 mentions)

8 protocols using hd120 mlc

IMRT Planning with Flattened and FFF Beams

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Treatment Planning was performed using two photon beams (6MV flatten beam and 6MV flattening filter free photon beam) of Varian True Beam Linear Accelerator equipped with HD 120 MLC (MLC of 60 pair, inner 32 leaf pair of 0.25 cm, and outer 28 leaf pair of 0.50 cm projection width at isocenter and maximum leaf speed of 2.5 cm/s). All the Photon beams were calibrated at 1 _cGy/MU at dmax on the central axis for a 10 cm x10 cm field with SSD of 100 cm, for both flattened and FFF beams as per Technical Reports Series No. 398 (TRS-398) (TRS 398, 2,000) of International Atomic Energy Agency. Plans were optimized selecting a maximum dose rate of 600MU/min in 6MV FB and 1,400MU/min for 6MV FFFB. For all patients, two plans 6MV FB IMRT and 6MV FFFB IMRT were designed using Eclipse Treatment planning system (TPS) version 11.0 (Varian Medical Systems, Palo Alto, CA, USA) using IMRT technique. Anisotropic analytical algorithm with 0.25 cm grid size was used for photon dose calculation for all plans.

Tamilarasu S., Saminathan M., Sharma S.K., Pahuja A, & Dewan A. (2018). Comparative Evaluation of a 6MV Flattened Beam and a Flattening Filter Free Beam for Carcinoma of Cervix – IMRT Planning Study. Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention : APJCP, 19(3), 639-643.

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Quantifying Treatment Plan Delivery Accuracy

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All plans were optimized and delivered on a Novalis Tx (Varian Medical Systems) linear accelerator equipped with an HD‐120 MLC and an aS1000 EPID. To determine the threshold of detectability of our methods, we first established a baseline by measuring all treatment plans five (n = 5) consecutive times with each QA method and performed gamma index analysis of each. Each treatment plan was delivered on the Novalis Tx consecutively on the same day to minimize linac output and EPID response variation. The mean gamma index passing percentage rate for each plan using 3%/3 mm, 2%/2 mm, and 1%/1 mm tolerances was used as a reference standard. Using the baseline statistics, a detection threshold was set at two standard deviations from the mean. The baseline measurements also provide values for D₂ and D₉₈ of the PTV to be used for determination of detection thresholds. Tables 2 and 3 show the resulting gamma index and the average deviation of D₂ and D₉₈.

Defoor D.L., Stathakis S., Roring J.E., Kirby N.A., Mavroidis P., Obeidat M, & Papanikolaou N. (2017). Investigation of error detection capabilities of phantom, EPID and MLC log file based IMRT QA methods. Journal of Applied Clinical Medical Physics, 18(4), 172-179.

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Targeted Mini-Beam Radiation Therapy for Mice

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Clinical Varian Novalis Tx™ 6 MV accelerator powered by TrueBeam STx was used for focused beam irradiation. This platform has capabilities for targeted Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy and includes Brainlab iPlan® treatment planning and Varian’s HD120 MLC multileaf collimator for high resolution beam shaping. BalbC mice, aged 6–8 weeks, were subjected for focused mini beam radiation of 1 cm diameter at 2000 cGy dose over the umbilical region under general anesthesia (Supplementary Fig. 3). Target to surface distance (TSD) technique was used with TSD at surface 100 cm for dose delivery. Animals were placed in supine position and dose was delivered with 1.5 cm depth of prescription. Dose exposure plan was generated using Varian Eclipse planning system (v 13). Varians HD MLC were used to shape the treatment diameter of 10 mm and planned to deliver a 20 Gy of dose to the target. A wax bolus of 8 mm thickness was used to create sufficient dose build-up. The scatter radiation dose for target to non-target regions is depicted in Supplementary Fig. 3.

Kirolikar S., Prasannan P., Raghuram G.V., Pancholi N., Saha T., Tidke P., Chaudhari P., Shaikh A., Rane B., Pandey R., Wani H., Khare N.K., Siddiqui S., D’souza J., Prasad R., Shinde S., Parab S., Nair N.K., Pal K, & Mittra I. (2018). Prevention of radiation-induced bystander effects by agents that inactivate cell-free chromatin released from irradiated dying cells. Cell Death & Disease, 9(12), 1142.

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Personalized Radiotherapy Fractionation for Patients

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For this study, three plans were automatically generated for each patient according to our radiosensitive de novo prescription scheme that included the following: (a) simultaneous integrated boost (SIB) plan with 1800 cGy/1600 cGy dose to GTV/PTV in one fraction; (b) SIB 2700 cGy/2100 cGy dose to GTV/PTV in three fractions; (c) 3000 cGy dose to PTV in five fractions. The use of SIB for single or three fractions treatments has been reported previously and used for this retrospective feasibility study.⁴¹, ⁴² Dose objectives for each fractionation are reported in Tables 1 and 2 and are based on previous evidence to minimize rate of toxicities.⁵, ²⁵, ⁴³, ⁴⁴, ⁴⁵ All treatment plans were calculated for delivery on a Varian Edge treatment machine equipped with high‐resolution multileaf collimator (HD120 MLC). All plans used the same field arrangement of four co‐planar full arcs with the isocenter automatically located at the GTV centroid and four different collimation rotations: 4°, 356°, 7°, 353°. Additional settings include the use of 10X flattening filter‐free (FFF) energy, analytic anisotropic algorithm (AAA), photon optimizer (PO) and a 0.125‐cm calculation resolution. Optimization convergence mode was set to “on” for all cases. Intermediate dose calculation and normal tissue objective were employed for optimization.

Teruel J.R., Malin M., Liu E.K., McCarthy A., Hu K., Cooper B.T., Sulman E.P., Silverman J.S, & Barbee D. (2020). Full automation of spinal stereotactic radiosurgery and stereotactic body radiation therapy treatment planning using Varian Eclipse scripting. Journal of Applied Clinical Medical Physics, 21(10), 122-131.

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Fluoroscopic Imaging with EPID and XRD

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The experimental setup is depicted in figure 1. A Perkin Elmer XRD 0822 AP3 amorphous silicon detector (1024 × 1024 pixels, 200 μm pitch, 16 bit, 550 μm CsI:Tl, up to 30 Hz frame collection) was mounted on a conical 7 mm thick lead pinhole collimator outfitted with a knife-edge 5 mm diameter pinhole (Redler et al 2018 (link)). To reduce unwanted penetration through the pinhole collimator, additional shielding in the form of Wood’s metal blocks (thickness 1.8 ± 0.1 cm; 50% Bi, 26.7% Pb, 13.3% W, 10% Cd) was added between the gantry head and pinhole collimator, between the isocenter and pinhole collimator, and on the distal side of the pinhole collimator (to attenuate photons back-scattered from walls), as shown in figure 1(a). The camera was pointed at isocenter and positioned for 1:1 magnification: the isocenter-to-pinhole distance was equal to the detector-to-pinhole distance (18 cm). 6 MV radiation was delivered at 1200 MU min⁻¹ in flattening filter free (FFF) mode by a TrueBeam linear accelerator (Varian Medical Systems (Palo Alto, CA, USA); HD120 MLC; 1 MU = 1 cGy at 100 cm SAD, depth = 1.5 cm for a 10 × 10 cm² field). Transmission images were collected with the gantry-mounted aS1000 EPID. To avoid collision with the camera frame, the gantry rotation was limited to 290–211°.

Jones K.C., Turian J., Redler G., Cifter G., Strologas J., Templeton A., Bernard D, & Chu J.C. (2020). Scatter imaging during lung stereotactic body radiation therapy characterized with phantom studies. Physics in medicine and biology, 65(15), 155013.

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Breast Cancer VMAT and Rapid Arc Planning

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In VMAT or Rapid arc planning, a single isocentre was placed at the middle of sternum for easy setup and to further reduce the treatment duration. There were two partial arcs placed around each breast, the arc angle being 200°. The collimator jaws were fixed for the both breast and angulated to take are the tongue and groove. Similarly, treatment planning of photon beam for 6MV FB and 6MV UFB Rapid Arc was performed on Eclipse Treatment Planning system using Anisotropic analytical algorithm (AAA) with 0.25 cm grid size was used. Plans were capable of delivering treatment on Varian True Beam Linear Accelerator equipped with HD 120 MLC (MLC of 60 pair, inner 32 leaf pair of 0.25 cm, and outer 28 leaf pair of 0.50 cm projection width at isocenter and a maximum leaf speed of 2.5 cm/s). The VMAT and Rapid Arc delivery mode were same, however the vendor’s trades name their products diffently. The Varian arc technique is called Rapid Arc and Elekta was VMAT.
All the photon beams were calibrated at 1 cGy/MU at dmax on the central axis for a 10 cm x 10 cm field with SSD of 100 cm, for both flattened and UF beams as per Technical Reports Series No. 398 (TRS-398, 2000) of International Atomic Energy Agency. Plans were optimized selecting a maximum dose rate of 600MU/min in 6MV FB and 1400 MU/min for 6MV UFB in Varian.

Tamilarasu S., Saminathan M., Sharma S.K., P A, & Dewan A. (2017). Treatment Planning With Unflattened as Compared to Flattened Beams for Bilateral Carcinoma of the Breast. Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention : APJCP, 18(5), 1377-1381.

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Validation of MC and Acuros Dose Calculations

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For this work a 10 MV FFF beam from a Varian EDGE linac equipped with the HD-120 MLC was used.
In a first phase of the work, the linac head was simulated in PRIMO, and tested on a phantom against measurements in water. Then, once assessed this initial phase, a series of MLC patterns were considered and the related dose distribution was simulated in PRIMO and measured with films in a solid water phantom, as well as evaluated with Acuros calculations. A second part of the study compared MC and Acuros calculations on clinical cases. Here below the details follow.

Paganini L., Reggiori G., Stravato A., Palumbo V., Mancosu P., Lobefalo F., Gaudino A., Fogliata A., Scorsetti M, & Tomatis S. (2019). MLC parameters from static fields to VMAT plans: an evaluation in a RT-dedicated MC environment (PRIMO). Radiation Oncology (London, England), 14, 216.

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Flattening-Filter-Free Photon Beam Dosimetry

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All experiments were conducted on a Varian Edge machine equipped with an HD120 MLC (Varian Medical System, Palo Alto, CA). The machine has two flattening-filter-free (FFF) 6X and 10X photon modes in addition to a conventional flattened 6X. Their respective maximum dose rates are 1400, 2400, and 600 monitor units (MU) per minute. The HD120 MLC has 120 leaves. The central 64 leaves (32 leaf pairs) and the outer 56 leaves (28 leaf pairs) have the projection leaf width of 2.5 mm and 5.0 mm at source-axis distance of 100 cm, respectively. Thus, the resulting maximal field height is 22 cm (= 28 * 0.5 + 32 * 0.25 = 14 + 8 cm). The maximum field size is 22 × 40 cm² for static fields and 22 × 32 cm² for intensity-modulated fields. Other related parameters are listed in the supplementary material Table S1. All dose distributions were calculated in Eclipse TPS (Varian Medical Systems Inc., Palo Alto, CA) using Analytical Anisotropic Algorithm (AAA, v13.6.23).

Kim J., Han J.S., Hsia A.T., Li S., Xu Z, & Ryu S. (2018). Relationship between dosimetric leaf gap and dose calculation errors for high definition multi-leaf collimators in radiotherapy. Physics and Imaging in Radiation Oncology, 5, 31-36.

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