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11 protocols using cd3e fitc

1

Multiparameter Flow Cytometry Analysis

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Cell suspensions were treated with anti CD16/CD32 (2.4G2) and then surface stained with combinations of the following fluorochrome-conjugated antibodies: From Biolegend: CD3e–FITC (clone: 145 2C11), Ly6C–FITC or APC/Cy7 (clone: HK1.4), Ly6G–PE/Cy7 (clone: 1A8), CD3e–APC/Cy7 (clone: 145 2C11), CD45R/B220–Pacific Blue (clone: RA3 6B2), CCR2-AlexaFluor647 (clone: SA203G11), CX3CR1-APC (clone: SA011F11), IgG2A,κ-APC isotype control; from BD Biosciences: NK1.1–PerCP/Cy5.5 (clone: PK136); from Ebiosciences: F4/80–APC (clone: BM8), CD4 (L3T4)–FITC (clone: RM4 5), CD11b–FITC (clone: M1/70), CD11b–PE (clone: M1/70), CD4–APC (clone: GK1.5). Cells were acquired on FACSCanto or AriaIII flow cytometers using FACSDiVa software, and data were analyzed using FlowJo software (Tree Star).
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2

Analyzing Tumor Immune Microenvironment

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To study the immune cells in distant tumors, right tumors were harvested from mice in different groups (n = 5) and stained with Viobility 405/520 Fixable Dye (Miltenyi), CD45.2 APC-CY7 (Biolegend, Clone: 104), CD3e FITC (Biolegend, Clone: 17A2), CD8a PE-vio615 (Miltenyi, Clone: REA601), PD-1 PE (Biolegend, Clone: 29F.1A12), TIM3 APC (Miltenyi, Clone: REA602), CD4 VioBlue (Miltenyi, Clone: REA604), and Foxp3 Alexa Fluor 700(Biolegend, Clone: MF-14.1A12) antibodies, according to the manufacturer's protocols.
Briefly, tumor tissues were cut into small pieces and digested with collagenase and DNase. Then, cell suspension was filtered through a 75-μm cell mesh and resuspended in PBS (pH 7.4) with 0.5% FBS for further analysis. Flow cytometric analysis was performed using a FACS LSRFortessa flow cytometer (BD).
Tumor-infiltrating cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) and helper T cells were CD45+CD3+CD4CD8+ and CD45+CD3+CD4+CD8, respectively. Then, the expressions of PD-1 and TIM-3 in cytotoxic T lymphocytes were analyzed. Further, CD4+ helper T cells were classified into regulatory T cells (Tregs) (CD3+CD4+Foxp3+) and effective T cells (CD3+CD4+Foxp3).
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3

Comprehensive Immune Cell Profiling of Adipose and Liver Tissues

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Liver and epigonadal visceral white adipose tissues were prepared for flow cytometry after cardiac perfusion with 10 mL HBSS (5 mM HEPES, 0.5 mM EDTA), as described (27 ). Following mechanical disruption, tissue was Liberase (Roche)-digested for 30 minutes at 37°C (shaking at 130 RPM) and filtered. Cells were separated on a 40% iodixanol density gradient by centrifugation at 1038 g for 25 minutes (no brake). Cells were blocked with anti-CD16/32, stained with Zombie Aqua (Biolegend) and antibodies (Biolegend): F4/80-FITC (BM8), Ly6C-PerCP/Cy5.5 (HK1.4), CD19-PE/Cy7 (6D5), CD11c-APC (N418), CD11b-AF700 (c1/70), I-A/I-E-APC/Cy7 (M5/114.15.2), CD45-PacBlue (30-F11), Ly6G-BV605 (1A8), CD3e-FITC (145–2C11), CD62L-PE-dazzle (MEL-14), CD8a-PerCP/Cy5.5 (53–6.7), PD-1-PE/Cy7 (29F.1A12), CD4-APC (GK1.5), CD44-BV605 (IM7). Beckman Coulter CytoFLEX and FlowJo were used to assess immune cell populations using the following gating strategy: Cells, singlets, live cells, CD4+ T cells (CD45+CD3e+CD4+), CD8+ T cells (CD45+CD3e+CD8+), B cells (CD45+CD19+), Kupffer cells (liver only, CD45+F480hiCD11blo), macrophages (CD45+F480intCD11bhiLy6clo), inflammatory monocytes (CD45+F480intCD11bhiLy6chi), dendritic cells (CD45+F480CD11c+MHCII+), and neutrophils (CD45+F480CD11b+ Ly6G+SSChi).
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4

Tissue Dissociation and Cell Isolation

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Splenocytes were isolated by mincing and mechanical dissociation of tissue through a 40-mm cell strainer. Cells were isolated into phosphate-buffered saline with 1% bovine serum albumin, 2 mM EDTA, and 25 mM HEPES. Red cells were removed by ammonium-chloride-potassium lysis. Cells were then stained with either a myeloid marker panel (CD45-BV421, CD11b-BV605, Ly6C-FITC, Ly6G-PECy7; BioLegend) or lymphoid marker panel (CD45-BV421, CD11b-BV605, B220-PE, CD3e-FITC; BioLegend). Cells were analyzed on an Attune cytometer and reported as the percentage of CD45 cells.
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5

Fluorescent Antibody Staining for Flow Cytometry and IHC

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Monoclonal fluorophore-conjugated antibodies used for flow cytometry were obtained from BD Biosciences (CD11b-APC-Cy7, CD45-PeCy7, CD11c-BV421, CD274-APC, CD69-APC, CD44-PeCy7 or FITC, CD184-PE, CD3e-FITC, Ly-6c-PE, Ly-6G-APC) and BioLegend (CD8a-BV785, CD45-PerCP, and ENPP1-BV421). For immunohistochemistry, rabbit anti-Iba1 monoclonal antibody (Abcam # ab178846) was used at 1: 500 dilution. Rat anti-mouse LAMP1 monoclonal Ab was obtained from the Hybridoma Bank (Cat # 1D4B) and used at 1: 250 dilution. Mouse anti-CD68 monoclonal Ab (Abcam # ab955) was used at 1: 200 dilution. To identify amyloid plaques, anti-Aβ monoclonal 4G8 (Aβ 17–42) antibody (Signet Cat # 9220–02) was used at 1: 1000 dilution. Secondary anti-mouse, anti-goat and anti-rabbit antibodies (Jackson labs and Sigma-Aldrich) were used for immunohistochemistry. In immunofluorescence studies, Rhodamine-conjugated donkey anti-rat IgG (1: 500), Alexa-488-conjugated goat anti-rabbit (1: 500), and DyLight 405-conjugated donkey anti-mouse (1: 500) were used as secondary antibodies. Fluorescent-labeled Aβ42 fibrils for immunofluorescence studies were prepared as described below and FITC filter was used to observe Aβ fluorescence.
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6

Multiparameter Flow Cytometry Analysis

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Cell suspensions were treated with anti CD16/CD32 (2.4G2) and then surface stained with combinations of the following fluorochrome-conjugated antibodies: From Biolegend: CD3e–FITC (clone: 145 2C11), Ly6C–FITC or APC/Cy7 (clone: HK1.4), Ly6G–PE/Cy7 (clone: 1A8), CD3e–APC/Cy7 (clone: 145 2C11), CD45R/B220–Pacific Blue (clone: RA3 6B2), CCR2-AlexaFluor647 (clone: SA203G11), CX3CR1-APC (clone: SA011F11), IgG2A,κ-APC isotype control; from BD Biosciences: NK1.1–PerCP/Cy5.5 (clone: PK136); from Ebiosciences: F4/80–APC (clone: BM8), CD4 (L3T4)–FITC (clone: RM4 5), CD11b–FITC (clone: M1/70), CD11b–PE (clone: M1/70), CD4–APC (clone: GK1.5). Cells were acquired on FACSCanto or AriaIII flow cytometers using FACSDiVa software, and data were analyzed using FlowJo software (Tree Star).
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7

Comprehensive Immune Cell Profiling

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Intestinal and mesenteric lymph node immune cell populations were characterised by flow cytometry. For intracellular cytokine staining, cells were incubated in T cell media (RPMI, 10% FBS, 1 mM sodium pyruvate, 2mM GLUTamax, 1X non-essential amino acids, 0.1 mM 2-β-mercaptoethanol, 10 mM HEPES, 1%Penicillin/Streptomycin) + 1X Cell Stimulation Cocktail with Protein Inhibitors (eBioscience) for 3 hours at 37°C before staining. Non-viable cells were stained using Live/Dead Fixable Aqua. Cells were permeabilised with CytoFix/CytoPerm (BD) followed by intracellular staining in PermBuffer (eBioscience).
All antibodies were purchased from eBioscience unless otherwise indicated. Antibodies used were CD45-SB600, TCRb-APC-Cy7, MHCII-FITC, CD4-PE-Cy7, CD8a-AF700, CD8b-PE, IFNg-PerCP-Cy5.5, TNFa-APC, IL-17A-bv421 (BioLegend), CD3e-FITC, TCRg-FITC, B220-FITC, MHCII-APC-e780, CD11b-PerCP-Cy5.5, CD11c-AF700, CD64-APC (BioLegend), SiglecF-PE (BD), Ly6G-Pe-Cy7 (BD) and F4/80-e450. Sample data were acquired with an Attune NxT flow cytometer coupled with an Attune CytKick Max autosampler. Data were analysed using FlowJo v10. Antibody details and concentrations are included in Supplementary Table 1.
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8

Immune Cell Profiling in Intestine and Lymph Nodes

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Intestinal and mesenteric lymph node immune cell populations were characterized by flow cytometry. For intracellular cytokine staining, cells were incubated in T cell medium (RPMI, 10% FBS, 1 mM sodium pyruvate, 2 mM GLUTamax, 1× nonessential amino acids, 0.1 mM 2-β-mercaptoethanol, 10 mM HEPES, 1% penicillin/streptomycin) + 1× Cell Stimulation Cocktail with Protein Inhibitors (eBioscience) for 3 h at 37 °C before staining. Nonviable cells were stained using Live/Dead Fixable Aqua. Cells were permeabilized with CytoFix/CytoPerm (BD), followed by intracellular staining in PermBuffer (eBioscience).
All antibodies were purchased from eBioscience unless otherwise indicated. Antibodies used were CD45-SB600, TCRb-APC-Cy7, MHCII-FITC, CD4-PE-Cy7, CD8a-AF700, CD8b-PE, IFNg-PerCP-Cy5.5, TNFa-APC, IL-17A-bv421 (BioLegend), CD3e-FITC, TCRg-FITC, B220-FITC, MHCII-APC-e780, CD11b-PerCP-Cy5.5, CD11c-AF700, CD64-APC (BioLegend), SiglecF-PE (BD), Ly6G-Pe-Cy7 (BD) and F4/80-e450. Sample data were acquired with an Attune NxT flow cytometer coupled with an Attune CytKick Max autosampler. Data were analyzed using FlowJo v.10. Antibody details and concentrations are included in Supplementary Table 1.
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9

Flow Cytometry Surface Staining

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For surface staining, cells were washed and stained for 30 min with fluorescently conjugated monoclonal antibodies (mAbs). The mAbs of human targets for flow cytometry were as follows: CD4-APC (300,514, BioLegend), CD3E-FITC (300,405, BioLegend), HLA-DR-PE (307,605, BioLegend), CD25 (IL-2R)-PEcy7 (302,611, BioLegend). After staining, cells were washed in cold phosphate-buffered saline (PBS).
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10

Tumor Tissue Dissociation and Immune Cell Analysis

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Example 10

Tumor tissues were digested by 1 mg/mL collagenase IV (Sigma-Aldrich) and 0.2 mg/mL DNase I (Sigma-Aldrich) for 45 min at 37° C. Cells were then stained with anti-CD16/CD32 (Biolegend, Cat #: 101301, clone: 93), Viobility 405/520 Fixable Dye (Miltenyi), CD45.2 APC-CY7 (Biolegend, Clone: 104), CD3e FITC (Biolegend, Clone: 17A2), CD8a PE-vio615 (Miltenyi, Clone: REA601), Tetramer/PE—He2Db HPV 16 E7 (RAHYNIVTF) (MBL), PD-1 PE (Biolegend, Clone: 29F.1A12), TIM-3 APC (Miltenyi, Clone: REA602), CD4 VioBlue (Miltenyi, Clone: REA604), and Foxp3 PE (Miltenyi, Clone: REA788) antibodies, according to the manufacturer's protocols. Flow data were collected on a BD™ FACS LSRFortessa SORP flow cytometer and analyzed with FlowJo (Tree Star Inc., Ashland, Oreg.).

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