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Xp rabbit mab

Manufactured by Cell Signaling Technology
Sourced in United States, Japan

The XP® Rabbit mAb is a monoclonal antibody product developed by Cell Signaling Technology. It is designed for use in various research applications, including Western blotting, immunoprecipitation, and immunohistochemistry. The core function of this product is to enable the detection and analysis of target proteins within biological samples.

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21 protocols using xp rabbit mab

1

Immunohistochemistry for Cellular Signaling

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For immunohistochemistry, the sections were treated with 3% H2O2, antigen retrieved (20 minutes of microwaving in 10 mmol/L citrate buffer, pH 6.0), and washed in PBS, followed by blocking with 1.5% normal goat serum for 30 minutes at room temperature. Then the sections were incubated with the primary antibody: anti‐pepsinogen I (1:100),6 anti‐pSTAT3 (1:50, XP Rabbit mAb; Cell Signaling Japan, Tokyo, Japan), anti‐pERK1/2 (1:400, XP Rabbit mAb; Cell Signaling Japan), or anti‐pAKT (1:100, XP Rabbit mAb; Cell Signaling Japan) overnight at 4°C. The sections were then washed in PBS and incubated with a biotinylated secondary antibody and peroxidase‐conjugated streptavidin (Vectastain ABC KIT; Vector Laboratories, Burlingame, CA, USA). Chromogen was developed with diaminobenzidine (Vector Laboratories). The sections were counterstained with Mayer's hematoxylin and mounted.
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2

Antibody Expression Analysis in Cancer Progression

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Antibodies were listed as follows: Phospho‐Rb (Ser807/811) (D20B12) XP Rabbit mAb (Cell Signaling Technology, Cat: 8516), Cyclin D1 (E3P5S) XP Rabbit mAb (Cell Signaling Technology, Cat: 55506), GAPDH (D16H11) XP Rabbit mAb (Cell Signaling Technology, Cat: 5174), Vimentin Polyclonal Antibody (Proteintech, Cat: 10366‐1‐AP), N‐Cadherin Polyclonal Antibody (Proteintech, Cat: 22018‐1‐AP), Anti‐non‐muscle Myosin IIA antibody [EPR22933‐9] (Abcam, Cat: ab238131), Anti‐MYH9 Polyclonal Antibody (Beijing Solarbio Science & Technology Co., Ltd.), Anti‐Hsp90 antibody [EPR16621‐67] (Abcam, Cat: ab203126), Anti‐E Cadherin antibody [SP64] (Abcam, Cat: ab227639).
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3

Analysis of Cell Stress Responses

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Cells were stimulated as described above. Cells precipitated by centrifugation (5 min, 4 °C, 350 rcf), resuspended in ice-cold PBS, again precipitated (400 rcf, 4 °C, 5 min) and lysed in Lämmli buffer (60 mM Tris pH6, 8; 2% SDS; 100 mM DTT, 5% glycerol; orange G). For the Sunset assay48 , cells were incubated 10 min with 1 μg/ml puromycin prior to centrifugation. The samples were treated with ultrasound, denatured and reduced at 95 °C for 5 min and subjected to standard SDS-PAGE. The following antibodies were used for immunoblotting: Phospho-Chk2 (Thr68) (C13C1) Rabbit mAb; Phospho-Chk1 (Ser345) (133D3) Rabbit mAb; Phospho-Histone H2A.X (Ser139) (20E3) Rabbit mAb; PARP Antibody #9542; Caspase-3 Antibody #9662; Phospho-eIF2α (Ser51) (D9G8) XP® Rabbit mAb; eIF2α Antibody #9722; Phospho-S6 Ribosomal Protein (Ser235/236) (D57.2.2E) XP® Rabbit mAb (all Cell Signalling Technologies), Puromycin (12D10) mouse mAB (Merck Millipore), β-Actin Antibody (C4) HRP (Santa Cruz).
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4

Optogenetic Control of Cofilin Dynamics

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Antibodies were from the following sources: Cofilin (D3F9) XP® Rabbit mAb (Cell Signaling #5175), β-Actin (8H10D10) Mouse mAb (Cell Signaling #3700), Tks5 (Santa Cruz Biotechnology; sc-30122), Cortactin (Abcam; ab33333). The cDNA of the LOV2 domain from Avena sativa (oat) Phototropin1 (L404-L547) was used to generate photo-sensitive constructs. Three variants of LOV2 were used: wild-type, dark state mutant (C450A, L514K, G528A, L531E, and N538E), and lit state mutant (I510E/I539E) (Supplementary Table 2). 24 (link) The cDNA of full-length rat cofilin was used for all constructs. The Z affibodies that selectively bind dark state LOV2 have been described elsewhere. 24 (link) For transient expression in mammalian cells, constructs were cloned into pmCherry-C1 (Clontech Laboratories, Inc.). Cells were transfected with Lipofectamine 2000 (Life Technologies) using the manufacturer’s protocol 24 h before imaging. For imaging of living cells, cells were co-transfected with mCherry Z-lock cofilin and a membrane-anchored yPet (KRas C-terminus) to visualize the cell edge. 51
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5

Nuciferine Modulates Inflammatory Response

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Nuciferine (purity > 98%) was obtained from the National Institute for the Control of Pharmaceutical and Biological Products (China). RAW264.7 cells were obtained from the American Type Culture Collection (United States). LPS was obtained from Sigma (United States). IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10, and TNF-α ELISA kits were obtained from BioLegend (United States). Phospho-NF-κB p65 (Ser536) (93H1) Rabbit mAb, NF-κB p65 (D14E12) XP® Rabbit mAb, Phospho-IκBα (Ser32) (14D4) Rabbit mAb, IκBα (L35A5) Mouse mAb, and TLR4, β-actin were obtained from Cell Signaling Technology (Beverly, United States).
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6

Western Blot Analysis of Gastric Cancer Tissues

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WB was performed following standard procedures [25 (link),41 (link)]. The gastric cancer tissues were homogenized using a grinding-tissue homogenizer. A RIPA lysis buffer (Solarbio, Beijing, China) was used to extract proteins from the cell lines or human tissues. Protein concentration was measured using the BCA method (Beyotime, Shanghai, China). Equal amounts of proteins were separated using 10–12% SDS-PAGE and transferred to PVDF membranes (Millipore, Billerica, MA, USA). The membranes were incubated with 5% skim milk, followed by incubation with primary antibodies (antibodies against STAT3, (124H6) Mouse mAb, cat# 9139T, Cell Signaling Technology, Danvers, MA, USA; Phospho-STAT3, (Tyr705) (D3A7) XP® Rabbit mAb, cat#9145S, Cell Signaling Technology, Danvers, MA, USA; JAK2, cat#AF6022, Affinity; Phospho-JAK2, (Tyr1007), cat#AF3022, Affinity; N-cadherin, cat#E-AB-70061, Elabscience, Wuhan, China; Vimentin, cat#E-AB-70081, Elabscience) overnight at 4 °C. The samples were then incubated with a HRP-labeled secondary antibody (Elabscience, Wuhan, China) for 1 h at 25 °C. Finally, protein levels were detected using ECL reagents (GE Healthcare, Shanghai, China). Anti-GAPDH and anti-β-Actin antibodies (Elabscience, Wuhan, China) were used as internal controls. Original images of WB figures please see Supplementary File.
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7

Western Blot Analysis of BMP2 Signaling

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Cells were harvested following each transfection and lysed with 1X RIPA buffer, supplemented with protease and phosphate inhibitors (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, MA, Cat # 89900, A3278428, and A32953, respectively). Lysates (25–40 μg) were separated on Mini-PROTEAN™ (Bio-Rad, Hercules, CA) and transferred on to nitrocellulose membranes. The membranes were blocked for 1 hour with 5% milk in 0.05% TBST and probed with the following antibodies at 4°C overnight: anti-BMP2 monoclonal detection antibody conjugated to horseradish-peroxidase (Sino-Biological, Beijing, China, Cat No SEK 10426, dilution - 1:5000 – 1:10000), anti-HA antibody (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Cat # 14-6756-63, dilution 1:1000), Phospho-Smad1/5/9 (D5B10) Rabbit mAb (Cell Signaling, Danvers, CA, Cat No 13820T, dilution 1:500), Smad1 (D59D7) XP® Rabbit mAb (Cell Signaling, Danvers, CA, Cat No 13820T, dilution 1:1000). Blots were developed using the corresponding horseradish peroxidase-conjugated secondary antibodies with Immobilon™ chemiluminescence HRP substrate (Millipore, Billerica, MA, Cat # WBKLS0500) and the images were obtained with a PXi gel imaging system (Syngene, Frederick, MD, USA). Densitometric analysis was carried out using NIH-ImageJ™. Protein expression levels of all experimental conditions were represented as relative values (means ± SEM) of controls.
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8

Western Blot of Protein Biomarkers

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Total protein was separated by sodium dodecyl sulfate–polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) with 120 V and then transferred onto nitrocellulose membranes. After the membranes were blocked with non-fat milk, the membranes were incubated with primary antibodies PARP (46D11) Rabbit mAb, IGFBP3 (D1U9C) Rabbit mAb and GAPDH (D16H11) XP® Rabbit mAb (catalog number: 9532; 25864; 5174, Cell Signaling Technology, Danvers, MA, USA) overnight at 4 °C. Next, the membranes were incubated with anti-rabbit IgG, HRP-linked antibody (catalog number: 7074; Cell Signaling Technology). Finally, the blot was detected and analyzed by using Image-Pro Plus software (Mediacy, Inc., Rockville, MD, USA).
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9

Western Blot Analysis of Smad and NF-κB Signaling

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Cells were lysed with RIPA Lysis and Extraction Buffer (ThermoScientificcat.#PI89900) buffer with protease/phosphatase inhibitor cocktail. The lysate was centrifuged at 12000g at 4°C for 15 min, boiled with Laemmli buffer for 7 min at 95°C, and transferred to PVDF membranes (Millipore). After blocking, membranes were incubated with primary antibody at 4°C overnight followed by incubation with corresponding secondary HRP-linked antibody. The following antibodies were used for western blotting: Smad1 (D59D7) XP® Rabbit mAb (Cell Signaling Technology cat#6944), Phospho-Smad1 (Ser463/465)/ Smad5 (Ser463/465)/ Smad9 (Ser465/467) (Cell Signaling Technology cat# CLS8160-24EA), NF-κB p65 (D14E12) XP® Rabbit mAb (Cell Signaling Technology cat#8242), Phospho-NF-κB p65 (Ser536) (93H1) Rabbit mAb (Cell Signaling Technology cat#3033), Anti-GAPDH antibody EPR16884 Loading Control (Abcam cat#ab181603).
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10

Immunoblot Analysis of MAPK Signaling in K562 Cells

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The K562 cells were cultured with compounds GP2, GP5, PT5 and imatinib at 10 µM concentrations. After 6 h of treatment at 37 °C, the cells were lysed in PBS-Laemmli sample buffer and then, immunoblot analysis was conducted using phospho-specific-p44/42 MAPK (Erk1/2) (Thr202/Tyr204) (D13.14.4E) XP Rabbit mAb (1:1000) (Cell Signaling Technology, Danvers, MA, USA) or anti-β-actin clone AC-15 (Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA). For immunoreactivity detection, the chemiluminescence method was performed as previously described [44 (link),45 (link)]. The band intensity was measured using the ImageJ software (NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA).
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