Jem 2100uhr

The morphologies of the microcapsules were characterized by scanning electronic microscopy (SEM, JSM-6700F, JEOL, Japan) after sprayed gold on the surface. To verify the hollow structures of microcapsules, the microcapsules were characterized by Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM, JEM-2100UHR, JEOL, Japan), and approximately 100 different microcapsules were analyzed to determine their size distribution of the inner and outer diameters. Hydrophobicity of the microcapsules was evaluated using a contact angle instrument (DSA100, Kruss, Germany).
In order to characterize the localization of different enzymes in the PDM bioreactor, HRP, GOD, and CALB were pre-labeled by FITC, Sulforhodamine, and Fluorescamine, respectively, prior to being assembled on the outer surface, in the shell and inside lumen of the microcapsules. The microcapsules were characterized by confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) with Leica TCS SP5 microscope (Leica Camera AG, Germany). The laser provided excitation of Sulforhodamine 101 at 586 nm and emitted fluorescent light was detected at 605 nm. Similarly, FITC (ex 488 nm, em 525 nm) and Fluorescamine (ex 395 nm em 475 nm) were observed.

SEM was performed to evaluate the fracture surfaces of all specimens. The fracture surfaces of the tensile samples and the microstructure of the PVAF-reinforced TPS with or without pre-soaking were investigate by SEM (JEM-2100 UHR, JEOL) with an acceleration voltage of 15 kV. The sample used for analysis is the section remaining after the tensile tests produced plastic or brittle fracture. The fractured part of specimen was cut into 10 mm × 5 mm × 4 mm near the fracture surface. The fractured faces were coated with gold using plasma sputtering for about 20 min prior to analysis.