DPPH, ABTS, 2,4,6-tri(2-pyridyl)-s-triazine (TPTZ), 3,3′,5,5′-tetramethyl-benzidine (TMB), 6-hydroxy-2,5,7,8-tetramethy-chroman-2-carboxylic acid (Trolox), acetic acid, aluminum nitrate, (+)-catechin, ferric chloride, Folin-Ciocalteau reagent, potassium persulfate, quercetin, silibinin, silymarin, sodium carbonate, sodium hydroxide, sodium hypochlorite, sodium molybdate, and sodium nitrate were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). Apigenin, diosmetin, and verbascoside were purchased from Extrasynthese (Genay, France). Isosilibin, silicristin, and silydianin were purchased from SunHank Technology Co., Ltd. (Tainan, Taiwan). Hydrogen chloride, HPLC-grade methanol, and o-phosphoric acid were purchased from Merck (Darmstadt, Germany).
Diosmetin
Manufactured by Extrasynthese
Sourced in France
Diosmetin is a naturally occurring flavonoid compound. It functions as a chemical standard for analytical purposes.
Automatically generated - may contain errors
Lab products found in correlation
Potassium persulfate, by Merck Group (3 mentions)
Sodium carbonate, by Merck Group (3 mentions)
Acetic acid, by Merck Group (3 mentions)
Apigenin, by Extrasynthese (2 mentions)
Ferric chloride, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Quercetin, by Extrasynthese (2 mentions)
Isorhamnetin, by Extrasynthese (2 mentions)
Chlorogenic acid, by Extrasynthese (2 mentions)
Acetonitrile, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Luteolin 7 o glucoside, by Extrasynthese (2 mentions)
Rutin, by Extrasynthese (2 mentions)
Caffeic acid, by Extrasynthese (2 mentions)
Eriodictyol, by Extrasynthese (2 mentions)
Hesperetin, by Extrasynthese (2 mentions)
Homoeriodictyol, by Extrasynthese (2 mentions)
2 2 diphenyl 1 picrylhydrazyl (dpph), by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Sodium molybdate, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Aluminum nitrate, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Hydrogen chloride, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Silymarin, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
7 protocols using diosmetin
1
Antioxidant Compound Characterization
2
Analytical Solvent Extraction and Analysis
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Methanol and ethanol of analytical grade (Fisher Chemical, Loughborough, UK) were used as extraction solvents. Folin-Ciocalteu, gallic acid, 6-hydroxy-2,5,7,8-tetramethylchroman-2-carboxylic acid (Trolox), 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), sodium carbonate, potassium persulfate, 2,4,6-tris(2-pyridyl)-s-triazine (TPTZ), acetic acid, hydrochloric acid, ferric chloride, acetonitrile, and trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louise, MO, USA). All the organic solvents were HPLC grade. Ultrapure water from a purified system (Isopad Isomantle, Gemini BV, Pr. Beatrixlaan 301, 7312 DG Apeldoorn, The Netherlands) was used. External standards (purity ≥ 99%) caffeic acid, catechin, chlorogenic acid, diosmetin, ferulic acid, glycitin, isorhamnetin, (-)-epicatechin, luteolin-7-O-glucoside, luteolin-4′-O-glucoside, myricetin, naringin, p-hydroxybenzoic acid, quercetin, and rutin were purchased from Extrasynthese (Lyon Nord, Genay Cedex, France). Hispidin (purity ≥ 98%) was purchased from Sigma-Aldrich.
3
Quantification of Phenolic Compounds
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The purity of all standards was >98%. Gallic acid, hydroxycinnamic acids (chlorogenic, caffeic, p-coumaric, and ferulic acids), the flavones luteolin, apigenin, luteolin-7-O-glucoside, and apigenin-7-O-glucoside, the flavonols quercetin (hydrate) and quercetin-3-O-rutinoside (rutin hydrate), the flavanones naringenin and diosmetin, the flavanols (±)-catechin (hydrate), (−)-epigallocatechin, (−)-epicatechin, and their gallate derivatives [(−)-catechin gallate, (−)-epicatechin gallate and (−)-epigallocatechin gallate], and the isoflavone daidzein were from Cayman Chemical Co. (Ann Arbor, MI, USA). The flavone diosmetin was from Extrasynthese Co. (Lyon, France). Methanol Chromasolv for HPLC was from Sigma Chemical (St. Louis, MO, USA).
4
Phytochemical Compound Characterization
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Quercetin, isorhamnetin (3′-O-methyl Quercetin), luteolin and diosmetin (4′-O-methyl luteolin) were purchased from Extrasynthese (Genay Cedex, France). Penicillin (5000 U/mL) and streptomycin (5000 μg/mL) were obtained from Invitrogen (Carlsbad, CA, USA). Serotonin was a product of Nacalai Tesque (Kyoto, Japan). Kynuramine and Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium (DMEM)/Nutrient F-12 Ham (D 8437) were from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). Cell Proliferation Reagent WST-1 was from Roche Diagnostics (Mannheim, Germany). Other reagents were of the highest grade available from commercial sources.
5
Phytochemical Analysis of Medicinal Plants
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All the standards, reagents, and solvents used through experiments were of analytical grade. Apigenin, diosmetin, hyperoside, rutin, quercitrin, luteolin-7-O-glucoside, Apigenin-7-O-glucoside, p-coumaric acid, caffeic acid, rosmarinic acid, and chlorogenic acid standards were purchased from Extrasynthese (Genay, France), and avicularin from Chromadex (Santa Ana, CA, USA). Acetic acid and acetonitrile were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich GmbH (Buchs, Switzerland), and ethanol from Vilniaus degtine, AB (Vilnius, Lithuania). Potassium persulfate, sodium acetate trihydrate, iron (III) chloride hexahydrate, and 2,4,6-tri(2-pyridyl)-S-triazine (TPTZ), 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH·) radical, and 2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) (ABTS) were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich (Steinheim, Germany) and Trolox from Fluka Chemika (Buchs, Switzerland). Folin-Ciocalteu reagent, gallic acid monohydrate, aluminum chloride hexahydrate, sodium carbonate, hexamethylenetetramine, copper chloride, and neocuproine were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich GmbH (Buchs, Switzerland). Deionized water used in HPLC and for the samples preparation produced by the Crystal E high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC, Adrona SIA, Riga, Latvia) water purification system.
6
Flavonoid Extraction and Analysis
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All solvents used for solid-phase extraction and HPLC-DAD analysis were LC-MS grade from either Sigma-Aldrich (Madrid, Spain) or VWR Chemicals (Barcelona, Spain). Luteolin, diosmetin, chrysoeriol, eriodictyol, hesperetin, homoeriodictyol, and homohesperetin were provided by Extrasynthese (Genay, France).
7
Synthesis and Purification of Flavonoids
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Sterubin was synthesized by Kanto Chemical (Tokyo, Japan). Luteolin was purchased from LKT Laboratories (St. Paul, MN). HGK was purchased from PhytoLab (Vestenbergsgreuth, Germany). Eriodictyol, homoEriodictyol, hesperetin, and diosmetin were purchased from Extrasynthese (Lyon, France).
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