Colitis was induced in animals by the administration of zymosan, as described previously [41 (link),47 (link),48 (link)]. Mice were anesthetized by isoflurane inhalation (1-3%, or as needed). During surgery, body temperature was maintained at 37°C using a heating pad. A lubricant ointment (artificial tears) was applied to the eyes. A volume of 0.1 ml zymosan suspension (30 mg/ml in saline; derived from Saccharomyces cerevisiae; Sigma, St. Louis, MO) was administered transanally via a 22-gauge, 24-mm-long stainless-steel feeding needle into the colons of mice over a period of 2 min. A control group of mice was subjected to a similar procedure except that 0.1 ml saline was administered transanally. Zymosan or saline were given daily for three consecutive days.
Zymosan suspension
Manufactured by Merck Group
Zymosan suspension is a laboratory reagent derived from the cell wall of baker's yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae). It is composed primarily of beta-glucans and other carbohydrates. The suspension is commonly used in biological research as a stimulant of the innate immune response.
Automatically generated - may contain errors
4 protocols using zymosan suspension
1
Zymosan-Induced Colitis in Mice: A Model for Inflammation
2
Zymosan-Induced Paw Edema Assay
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Female BALB/c mice received a sub-plantar injection of 30 µl zymosan suspension (20 mg/ml; Sigma-Aldrich) at the hind paw. The contralateral hind paw was injected with 30 µl of PBS and was used as a control. Paw thickness at the medial-lateral direction was measured in mm 0, 0.5, 1, 2 and 4 hours post-zymosan injection using a calliper (Fisher Scientific). The results were expressed as a difference (△) between baseline measurements before and after zymosan/PBS injection in the paw.
3
Zymosan-Induced Arthritis in SCID Mice
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BALB/c mice were injected intra-articularly (i.a.) at ankles or knees with 10 μL of zymosan suspension (20 mg/mL; Sigma-Aldrich) or 10 μL of endotoxin-free phosphate-buffered saline (PBS; control group). To deplete neutrophils in SCID mice monoclonal 1A8, Ab (endotoxin free, 100 μg in 200 μL per mouse; Biolegend, London, UK) was administered i.p. at days −2, +2, and +4. At day 0 SCID mice were injected i.a. with PBS (PBS + Ab group) or zymosan (ZY + Ab group). The development of disease for 7 days was compared to untreated PBS- (PBS group) or zymosan- (ZY group) injected SCID mice. To monitor cell depletion Ly6G+CD11b+ cell, frequencies were assessed in BM at days −2, +2, and +4.
4
Neuropathic and Visceral Pain Models in Mice
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A model of neuropathic pain was induced by the ligation of the CPN as described previously.12 (link) Briefly, the mice were anesthetized by intraperitoneal injection of 1% sodium pentobarbital (60 mg/kg). The CPN was visible between the anterior and posterior groups of muscles running almost transversely. The left CPN was slowly ligated with a chromic gut suture 5–0 (Ethicon) until dorsiflexor contraction of the foot was observed as twitching of the digits. Control mice were treated with sham surgery. The mechanical allodynia was tested on postsurgical day 1, 3, 5, and 7. The mice were used for analysis of cytokine protein expression.
Visceral pain was induced by the administration of zymosan as described previously.29 A volume of 0.1 ml zymosan suspension (30 mg/ml in saline; derived from Saccharomyces cerevisiae; Sigma, St. Louis, MO) was administered rectally via a 22-gauge, 24-mm-long stainless steel feeding needle into the colons of mice over a period of 2 min. Control mice were rectally administered with 0.1 ml saline. zymosan or saline was given daily for three consecutive days.
Visceral pain was induced by the administration of zymosan as described previously.29 A volume of 0.1 ml zymosan suspension (30 mg/ml in saline; derived from Saccharomyces cerevisiae; Sigma, St. Louis, MO) was administered rectally via a 22-gauge, 24-mm-long stainless steel feeding needle into the colons of mice over a period of 2 min. Control mice were rectally administered with 0.1 ml saline. zymosan or saline was given daily for three consecutive days.
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