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8 protocols using ammonium hydroxide solution

1

Synthesis of Conductive Polymer Composites

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Polyvinyl alcohol 1788 (PVA; Alcoholysis degree: 87.0–89.0%), iron (III) chloride anhydrous (FeCl3; 99.9%) and pyrrole (99%) were purchased from Aladdin chemistry Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China). Absolute ethyl alcohol (C2H5OH; AR) and ammonium hydroxide solution (NH3·H2O; 28.0–30.0%) were purchased from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China). Deionized water (H2O) was prepared by a Milli-Q water purification system (Millipore, Bedford, MA, United States). All the chemical reagents were used without further purification.
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2

Dopamine-loaded Zn-based Metal-Organic Nanoparticles

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Zinc acetate dihydrate (Zn(OAC)2·2H2O, 99.99%) and dopamine hydrochloride (AR, 98.0%,) were purchased from Aladdin Corp. Cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB, 99%) and triblock poly(ethylene oxide)-b-poly(propylene oxide)-b-poly(ethylene oxide) Pluronic F-127 (Mav = 12,600) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich. Tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane (Tris, ≥99.5%), 2-methylimidazole (1-MeIM, AR, ≥98.0%), zinc nitrate hexahydrate (Zn(NO3)2·6H2O, AR, ≥99.0%), cobalt (II) nitrate hexahydrate (Co(NO3)2·2H2O, ≥ 98.5%,), 1,3,5-trimethylbenzene (TMB, ≥ 99.5%), hydrochloric acid (HCl, 36.0–38.0%), 2,3,6-trimethylphenol (TMP, 98.0%), methanol anhydrous (AR, ≥99.5%), hydrogen peroxide (30 wt.%), ammonium hydroxide solution (28 wt.% NH3 in H2O), polyvinylpyrrolidone K30 (GR), copper(II) chloride dihydrate(AR, ≥99.0%) and anhydrous ethanol (AR, ≥99.7%) were purchased from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd. Disulfiram (97%) was purchased from Aladdin Reagent Co. Ltd. Fetal bovine serum (FBS), penicillin-streptomycin, trypsin, and RPMI 1640 medium were provided by Gibco Life Technologies Co. Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8), calcein-AM/propidium iodide (PI) and annexin V-FITC Apoptosis Detection Kit were obtained from Beyotime Biotech (China).
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3

Nanoparticle Synthesis and Functionalization

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Iron (III) chloride hexahydrate, Iron (II) chloride tetrahydrate, ammonium hydroxide, tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS), (3-Aminopropyl)triethoxysilane (APTES), and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) were bought from Aladdin Industrial Corporation (Shanghai, China). Ammonium hydroxide solution, isopropanol, ethylenediamine and ethanol were purchased from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China). 1,4-butanediol diacrylate,6-amino caproic acid, sodium chloride (NaCl), sodium iodide (NaI), tri(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane (Tris), ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) and polyethylene glycol 8000 were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, USA).
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4

Dopamine-Functionalized Silica Nanocomposites

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Dopamine hydrochloride (DA·HCl, 98%), tetraethoxysilane (TEOS, A.R.), and chloroplatinic acid (H2PtCl6·6H2O, ≥37.50% Pt basis) were provided from Sigma-Aldrich. Hydrofluoric acid (40 wt%), ammonium hydroxide solution (28 wt%), ethanol (EtOH, A.R.), and sodium borohydride (A.R.) were purchased from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent. 4-nitrophenol (4-NP, A.R.) was purchased from Aladdin. The water used in the experiment was ultrapure water (18.2 MΩ cm−1).
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5

Synthesis of Inorganic Nanostructures

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The chemicals and regents used were: Choline chloride, sodium phosphate dibasic dodecahydrate, diethyl ether, iron chloride hexahydrate, ferrous sulfate, sulfuric acid (98%), hydrochloric acid (36%), ammonium hydroxide solution, and tetraethyl orthosilicate (Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co. Ltd., Shanghai, China); sodium metavanadate, sodium molybdate dihydrate, dimethyl sulfoxide, anhydride, pyridine, and oleic acid (Shanghai Macklin Biochemical Technology Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China); Tetrahydrofuran, ethanol, and toluene (Tianjin Hengxing Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd., Tianjin, China); lactic acid, and potassium bromide (Tianjin Kemiou Chemical Reagents Co. Ltd., Tianjin, China).
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6

Strengthening Wood with PMHS-Silica

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For this study, the wood materials (Chinese Cunninghamia lanceolata with density of 360 ± 50 kg/m3) were obtained from the Jiangsu province of China. The dimensions of the wood sample were 20 mm × 20 mm × 12 mm. The moisture content of the wood was 10%. The 1.5% PMHS was provided by Chenguang Research Institute of Chemical Industry (Chengdu, China). The ethanol (analytical grade) was from Tianjin Zhiyuan Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd (Tianjin, China). Tetraethoxysilane (TEOS) was purchased from Kermel (Tianjin, China). Sodium hydroxide was provided by Xilong Chemical Co., Ltd (Guangdong, China). Ammonium hydroxide solution was obtained from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd (Shanghai, China). Liquids that are consumed daily, such as coffee, milk, soy sauce, and juice, were purchased from the local supermarket.
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7

Dopamine-Functionalized Silica Nanocomposites

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Dopamine hydrochloride (DA·HCl, 98%), tetraethoxysilane (TEOS, A.R.), and chloroplatinic acid (H2PtCl6·6H2O, ≥37.50% Pt basis) were provided from Sigma-Aldrich. Hydrofluoric acid (40 wt%), ammonium hydroxide solution (28 wt%), ethanol (EtOH, A.R.), and sodium borohydride (A.R.) were purchased from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent. 4-nitrophenol (4-NP, A.R.) was purchased from Aladdin. The water used in the experiment was ultrapure water (18.2 MΩ cm−1).
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8

Protein Adsorption Characterization Protocol

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Ammonium hydroxide solution (27%, W/V), FeCl3·6H2O, FeSO4·7H2O, N,N,N′,N′-tetramethylenediamine (TEMED), absolute ethanol, acetic acid (HAc) were bought from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China). Ovalbumin (OVA), bovine serum albumin (BSA), bovine hemoglobin (BHb), cytochrome C (Cyt C) and lysozyme (Lys) were purchased from Shanghai yuanye Bio-Technology Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China). Allyl chloroacetate and N,N-methylenebisacrylamide (MBAA) were purchased from Aladdin chemistry Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China). Vinyltriethoxysilane (VTEO) was obtained from Adamas Reagent Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China). N-(3-aminopropyl)-imidazole was gained from TCI Development Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China). Hydrazine hydrate and ammonium persulfate (APS) were bought from the Institute of Fucheng Chemicals (Tianjin, China). Sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) was supplied by Xilong chemistry Co., Ltd. (Shantou, China). All reagents were of analytical grade. All solutions were prepared using deionized water (18.25 MΩ cm, 25 °C). Phosphate buffer solutions (20 mmol L−1, pH = 7.1) were used in this work for most experiments.
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