Dexamethasone dm

Apamin (purity 98.3%) was obtained from CalBiochem (San Diego, CA, USA), while melittin (purity ≥ 85%, HPLC), PLA2 from bee venom (activity: 1775 units mg⁻¹ solid), cytochrome c from the equine heart (purity ≥ 95%), lipopolysaccharide (LPS), ellipticine, dexamethasone (DM), sulforhodamine B, trypan blue, trichloroacetic acid (TCA), and tris were purchased from Sigma Chemicals Co. (St. Louis, MO, USA). Formic acid was from Panreac (Barcelona, Spain). Standards for metal analysis were purchased from PanReac (Barcelona, Spain). The Griess Reagent System Kit was purchased from Promega (Madison, WI, USA). Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle’s medium (DMEM), Hank’s balanced salt solution (HBSS), Foetal bovine serum (FBS), L-glutamine, trypsin-EDTA, penicillin/streptomycin solution (100 U/mL and 100 mg/mL, respectively) were purchased from TermoFisher Scientific (Waltham, MA, USA). Water was treated in a Milli-Q water purification system (TGI Pure Water Systems, Sunnyvale, TX, USA).

AML 12 cells were purchased from the Cell Bank of Type Culture Collection (CBTCC, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China) and were cultured in DMEM/F12 (Gibco, Carlsbad, CA) supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS, BI, Israel), 1% Insulin-Transferrin-Selenium(ITS, Sciencell, USA), 0.2% Dexamethasone(DM, Sigma-Aldrich, USA) and 1% Penicillin-Streptomycin Solution (PS, Sigma-Aldrich, USA). Cells were maintained at 37 ${}^{\circ }$ C in a humidified 5% CO₂ atmosphere.