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2 4 2 hydroxyethyl 1 piperazinyl ethanesulfonic acid hepes

Manufactured by Dojindo Laboratories
Sourced in Japan

2-[4-(2-Hydroxyethyl)-1-piperazinyl]ethanesulfonic acid (HEPES) is a chemical compound commonly used as a buffering agent in cell culture and biochemical applications. It is a zwitterionic Good's buffer that helps maintain a stable pH environment in aqueous solutions. HEPES is highly soluble in water and is widely utilized to stabilize the pH of various biological systems.

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8 protocols using 2 4 2 hydroxyethyl 1 piperazinyl ethanesulfonic acid hepes

1

Characterization of Membrane Proteins

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N-Octyl-β-d-glucoside (βOG),
ethylenediamine-N-N-N′-N′-tetraacetic
acid (EDTA), and 2-[4-(2-hydroxyethyl)-1-piperazinyl] ethanesulfonic
acid (HEPES) were purchased from Dojindo Laboratories (Kumamoto, Japan).
Ethanol, isopropyl-β-d(−)-galactopyranoside
(IPTG), 2-amino-2-hydroxymethyl-1,3-propanediol (Tris), sodium phosphate,
lysozyme, sucrose, glucose, urea, glycine, NaCl, NaF, KCl, and CaCl2 were purchased from Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd. (Osaka,
Japan). Polyethylene glycol mono-p-isooctylphenyl
ether (Triton X-100) was purchased from Nacalai Tesque Inc., (Kyoto,
Japan). 1,2-Dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine
(DOPC) and 1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1′-rac-glycerol) (sodium salt) (DOPG) were purchased from Avanti
Polar Lipids Inc. (Alabaster, AL, USA). Alexa Fluor 546 carboxylic
acid, succinimidyl ester, Oregon Green BAPTA-5N, and hexapotassium
salt were purchased from Thermo Fisher Scientific (Waltham, MA, USA).
Calcein was purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). 5-Carboxyfluorescein
was purchased from Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. (Tokyo, Japan).
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2

Functionalization of Oligonucleotides for Biosensors

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Single-stranded (10-mer) and biotinylated oligonucleotides (10-mer) were purchased from Eurofins Genomics, K.K. (Tokyo, Japan). The chemical reagents, 3,3-dithiodipropionic acid (Nacalai Tesque, Kyoto, Japan), 1-Ethyl-3-[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]carbodiimide (EDC) (Dojindo Laboratories, Kumamoto, Japan), N-Hydroxysuccinimide (NHS) (Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd., Osaka, Japan), and NeutrAvidin (Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc., Tokyo, Japan) were used for experiments with DNA. NaCl (Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd., Osaka, Japan), Tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane (Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd., Osaka, Japan), 2-[4-(2-Hydroxyethyl)-1-piperazinyl]ethanesulfonic acid (HEPES) (Dojindo Laboratories, Kumamoto, Japan), and Ethylenediamine-N,N,N’,N’-tetraacetic acid (EDTA) (Dojindo Laboratories, Kumamoto, Japan) were used to prepare the buffer solutions. Ultrapure water (Milli-Q) was used in all the experiments.
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3

Capillary Electrophoresis Buffer Optimization

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Boric acid and glutamic acid were purchased from Koso Chemical (Saitama, Japan) and Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA), respectively. The buffer components used in CE were sodium tetraborate decahydrate (borax, from FUJIFILM Wako Pure Chemical, Osaka, Japan), 2-[4-(2-hydroxyethyl)-1piperazinyl]ethanesulfonic acid (HEPES, Dojindo Laboratories, Kumamoto, Japan), N-tris(hydroxymethyl)methyl-3-aminopropanesulfonic acid (TAPS, Dojindo), or N-cyclohexyl-3aminopropanesulfonic acid (CAPS, Dojindo). The anionic surfactant of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS, from FUJIFILM Wako Pure Chemical) was also used in MEKC. Tetrabutylammonium chloride (TBA + Cl -) as a hydrophobic ionpair reagent was from Tokyo Chemical Industry (Tokyo, Japan). Other reagents used were of analytical grade. Water used was purified by Milli-Q Gradient A10 (Merck Millipore Japan, Tokyo, Japan), throughout.
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4

Synthesis and Characterization of Fluorescent Probes

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1,5-Diamino-3-monooxapentane (DMP; Cat# O0278), 1,8-diamino-3,6-dioxaoctane, (DDO; Cat# B1431) 1,11-diamino-3,6,9-trioxaundecane (DTU; Cat# D3664), N-succinimidyl 3-maleimidopropionate (SMP; Cat# S0427), and N,N′-diisopropylethylamine (DIPEA; Cat# D1599) were purchased from Tokyo Chemical Industry (Tokyo, Japan). 6-Carboxyrhodamine 6G succinimidyl ester (R6G-OSu; Cat# 342) was obtained from AAT Bioquest (Sunnyvale, CA, USA). Tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane) (Tris) and adenosine 5′-triphosphate (ATP) were from Wako Pure Chemical Industries (Osaka, Japan). 2-[4-(2-Hydroxyethyl)-1-piperazinyl]ethanesulfonic acid (HEPES) was from Dojindo (Kumamoto, Japan). All other chemicals were of reagent grade or higher and purchased from Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Nacalai Tesque (Kyoto, Japan) or Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA).
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5

Caco-2 Cell Lipid Solubility Assay

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Male Wistar rats (220–270 g, 8 weeks of age) were obtained from SLC, Inc. (Hamamatsu, Shizuoka, Japan). The Glucose C2 Test, LDH Cytotoxicity Test and recombinant human insulin were purchased from Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd. (Osaka, Japan). Labrasol®, Capryol 90, Capryol PGMC, Lauroglycol 90, Lauroglycol FCC, Labrafil M 2125 CS, and Maisine 35-1 were obtained from Gattefossé (Saint-Priest, France). Hydrogenated castor oil-60 (HCO-60) was obtained from Nikko Chemical Co., Ltd. (Osaka, Japan). Triton X-100, high glucose Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium (DMEM), MEM non-essential amino acid solution (MEM-NEAA), and antibiotic–antimycotic mixed stock solution (10,000 IU/mL penicillin, 10 mg/mL streptomycin, and 25 μg/mL amphotericin B) were purchased from Nacalai Tesque, Inc. (Kyoto, Japan). Fetal bovine serum (FBS) was obtained from Equitech-Bio, Inc. (Kerrville, TX, USA). Hank’s balanced salt (HBS) was obtained from Sigma-Aldrich Chemical Co. (St. Louis, MO, USA). 2-[4-(2-Hydroxyethyl)-1-piperazinyl] ethanesulfonic acid (HEPES) was prepared by Dojindo Laboratories (Kumamoto, Japan). Caco-2 cells were bought from Dainippon Sumitomo Pharma Co., Ltd. (Osaka, Japan).
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6

Optimized Liposome Formulation Protocol

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Boron standard solution (boron concentration: 1000 mg/ L) , cholesterol (C 27 H 46 O, purity ≥ 90%) , and glycine (purity ≥ 99%) were purchased from Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd. (Osaka, Japan) . Phosphotungstic acid hydrate was purchased from Alfa Aesar (Ward Hill, MA) . Fetal bovine serum (FBS) was purchased from Thermo Fisher Scientific, Inc. (Waltham, MA) . Dulbecco s modified Eagle medium (DMEM, containing 1.0g/L glucose, with L-glutamine and sodium pyruvate) and lecithin from egg yolk was purchased from Nacalai Tesque, Inc. (Kyoto, Japan) . Sunbright DSPE-020CN (DSPE-PEG, N-(carbonyl-methoxypolyethyleneglycol 2000) -1,2-distearoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine, sodium salt, Mw: 2000) was purchased from NOF Corp. (Tokyo, Japan) . 2-[4-(2-Hydroxyethyl) -1-piperazinyl] ethanesulfonic acid (HEPES) was purchased from Dojindo Molecular Technologies, Inc. (Mashiki, Japan) . Isoflurane for the animals was purchased from Mylan Inc. (Pittsburgh, PA) . All other chemicals were of the highest grade commercially available.
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7

Functionalization of Graphene Oxide for Bioassays

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The PDMS prepolymer (SILPOT 184) and curing agent (SILPOT184 CAT) were purchased from Dow Corning Toray (Tokyo, Japan). Biotin and N-succinimidyl D-Biotinate (Biotin-NHS) were purchased from Tokyo Chemical Industry (Tokyo, Japan). Alexa Fluor ® 488 streptavidin conjugate (F-SA) was purchased from Thermo Fisher Scientific (Waltham, MA, USA). Branched polyethylenimine (PEI), poly[dimethyl siloxane-comethyl-(3-hydroxypropyl)-siloxane]-graft-PEG methyl ether (PDMS-PEG), and bovine serum albumin (BSA) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). Single-layer GO dispersed in water was purchased from ACS Material (Medford, MA, USA).
2-[4-(2-Hydroxyethyl)-1-piperazinyl] ethane sulfonic acid (HEPES) and 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide hydrochloride (EDC) were purchased from DOJINDO (Kumamoto, Japan).
Acetonitrile, N-hydroxysuccinimide (NHS), sodium hydroxide, polyethylene glycol 20000 (PEG 20000), ascorbic acid, glucose, and urea were purchased from Wako Pure Chemical Industries (Osaka, Japan). The deionized water for dilution had resistivity values of more than 1.8 × 10 7 Ω cm at 25°C.
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8

Membrane Protein Incorporation and Characterization

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Gramicidin A and albumin from bovine serum (BSA, >97%) were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich Chemical Co. (St. Louis, MO). 1,2-Diphytanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DPhPC, 10 mg/mL chloroform solution), 1-2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3phosphoethanolamine (DOPE, 10 mg/mL chloroform solution) were purchased from Avanti Polar Lipids, Inc. (Alabaster, AL). Cholesterol (Chol), sorbitol and N-hydroxysuccinimide (NHS) were obtained from Wako Pure Chemicals Co. (Osaka, Japan). Cholesterol was recrystallized three times from methanol. 2-[4-(2-Hydroxyethyl)-1-piperazinyl]-ethanesulfonic acid (HEPES) and 1-ethyl-3-[3-dimethylaminopropyl]-carbodiimide hydrochloride (EDC) were obtained from Dojindo Laboratories (Kumamoto, Japan). Rabbit polyclonal anti-BSA antibody (anti-BSA) was obtained from Funakoshi (Tokyo, Japan). Other reagents used were all of analytical reagent grade. Milli-Q water (Millipore reagent water system, Bedford, MA) was used throughout the experiments.
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