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Cs 4r

Manufactured by Warner Instruments

The CS-4R is a laboratory instrument designed for conductivity measurements. It provides accurate and reliable conductivity readings in a compact and user-friendly package.

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2 protocols using cs 4r

1

Fabrication of Conical Cannula for Research

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The conical cannula was constructed from 420 series stainless steel (Mcmaster Carr) chosen for its combination of corrosion resistance, magnetic (for holding the cannula during implantation), and high surface finish achievable. The conical cannula had inner diameter at the top of 5.2 mm and an inner diameter at the bottom of 3.6 mm (full drawing Fig. S2). The conical cannula was turned on a precision lathe (10ee, Monarch), which allowed a high surface finish to be achieved on such a small piece. Following machining the interior of the cannula was polished with diamond polishing pins (3 mm EVE polishing pins, Rio Grande) and polishing paste (Simichrome, Happich). A 4 mm diameter circular glass coverslip (#1 thickness, CS-4R, Warner instruments r) was glued to the bottom with UV curing glue (Norland 81, Thorlabs). The cylindrical cannula used for testing had an inner diameter of 5.1 mm and a height of 2.6 mm and a wall thickness of 0.1 mm.
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2

Customized Headpost and Cranial Window Implants

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Headpost implant design was adapted from Ghanbari et al. 55 , and consists of a custom-made Titanium or Stainless-steel head-plate, a 3D-printed frame, and three 0-80 screws to hold the frame to the head-plate.
We fabricated the head-plate with Titanium or Stainless-steel plate (McMaster-Carr) using a waterjet system (OMax), and 3D printed the frame using a ProJet MJP 2500 (3D Systems). Our design files can be found online (https://github.com/ckemere/TreadmillTracker/tree/master/UMinnHeadposts). We assembled the headpost implant after tapping the 3D printed frame with 0-80 tap and securing the headplate over the frame with three screws. The entire headpost is then stored in 70% Ethanol prior to surgery.
Cranial window fabrication procedure was adapted from Goldey et al. 56 . Windows were made of 2 stacked round coverslips (Warner Instruments # CS-3R, CS-4R, CS-5R) of different diameters. To fabricate the stacked windows, a 3 mm (or 4 mm) round coverslip was epoxied to a 4 mm (or 5 mm) cover slip using an optical adhesive (Norland Products Inc. e.g. # NOA 61, 71, 84) and cured using longwavelength UV light. To accommodate the large 5 mm stacked window, we cut off the right side of the 3D-printed frame to allow for extra space for the C&B Metabond to bind to the skull outside of the stacked cranial window. Fabricated stacked windows were stored in 70% ethanol prior to surgery.
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