Stereo discovery v12

To analyze the preparation morphology, we used optical and electron microscopies. We used a Stereo Discovery V.12 binocular microscope (CarlZeiss, Oberkochen, Germany) with white and UV lighting.
SEM images of powder preparations were obtained using a VEGA-3 LMU scanning electron microscope (TESCAN ORSAY HOLDING, Brno–Kohoutovice, Czech Republic) in secondary electron (SE) mode with 5 kV accelerating voltage.

The vegetative and reproductive morphology was studied on well-developed specimens of the generative age state. For numerical analysis, not less than 25 specimens were studied in each population of each species. Table 1 presents 26 morphological characters studied.
Morphological analysis was carried out using a Carl Zeiss Stereo Discovery V12 stereo microscope equipped with a high-resolution color digital camera AxioCam HRc and AxioVision 4.8 software for image acquisition, processing and analysis (Carl Zeiss Ltd., Göttingen, Germany), and the instrumental platform of the SIAMS Photolab image analysis system (SPF AVEK, 2013–2020) with the module morphometric analysis of plants.
Morphometric data were subjected to ANOVA using the STATISTICA 6.0 software (StatSoft Inc., Tulsa, OK, USA). The differences between means were tested for significance using the LSD test at p ≤ 0.05. In addition, clustering was performed with PCA. For PCA, relative metric parameters were additionally included: 4/3 is the ratio of leaf width to leaf length, 5/3 is the ratio of distance from the base to the widest point of the leaf blade to leaf length, and 24/25 is the ratio of stone length to stone width.

Experimental in vitro study. 15 implants (C1 Standard Platform, MIS Iberica) were embeded in a polyurethane resin (Modralit 3K) into a silicone (Zetalabor, Zhermack) container. The 15 samples obtained are divided in groups depending on the framework process (n=3). The cobalt-chromium alloy frameworks (Wirobond SG, BEGO) are screwed to a 30 N-cm torque with a torquer. After, the sample is sectioned in half along the vertical axis using a diamond saw (micro grinding machine, EXAKT Technologies). And the gap formation between the different points studied were measured at X100 magnification with a stereomicroscope (Stereo Discovery V12, Zeiss) (Fig. 1).
Figure 1

Study procedure example.

To measure the fit, it is used the program ImageJ. It is measured 4 distances in each side, left and right (Fig. 2).
Figure 2

Areas measured marked in red.

- A: Implant-abutment perimetrical marginal fit (1 point)
- B: Abutment-screw marginal fit (1 point)
- C: Implant-abutment longitudinal marginal fit. A mean of 3 points: basal (=A), middle, apical
- D: Distance between the abutment’s down part and the implant (1 point)