The NMR spectra were recorded on a Bruker AC 500 NMR (Bruker, Fällanden, Switzerland) spectrometer with TMS as an internal standard. HRESIMS data were measured on a Bruker micro TOF-QII mass spectrometer (Bruker, Fällanden, Switzerland). UV spectra were recorded on a Shimadzu UV-2600 UV-Vis spectrophotometer (Shimadzu, Kyoto, Japan). ECD spectra were performed on a Chirascan circular dichroism spectrometer (Applied Photophysics). X-ray diffraction intensity data were collected on a CrysAlis PRO charge-coupled device (CCD) area detector diffractometer with graphite monochromated Cu Kα radiation (λ = 1.54178 Å). Semi-preparative reversed-phase HPLC (RP-HPLC) was performed on a YMC-Pack Pro C18RS column (5 μm, 250 × 10 mm id; YMC, Kyoto, Japan) with a Agilent 1260 separation module equipped with a Photodiode Array (PDA) detector. Silica gel GF254 used for TLC were supplied by the Qingdao Marine Chemical Factory, Qingdao, China. Sephadex LH-20 gel (GE Healthcare, Uppsala, Sweden) was used. Spots were detected on TLC under UV light or by heating by spraying with 12% H2SO4 in H2O.
Sephadex lh 20 gel
Manufactured by GE Healthcare
Sourced in Sweden, Japan, Germany, China
Sephadex LH-20 is a gel filtration media used for the purification and separation of a wide range of molecules, including proteins, peptides, nucleic acids, and small organic compounds. It is composed of cross-linked dextran beads and is suitable for use in aqueous and organic solvent-based systems. The porous structure of the beads allows for the separation of molecules based on their size and molecular weight.
Automatically generated - may contain errors
Lab products found in correlation
Microtof q 2 mass spectrometer, by Bruker (7 mentions)
Silica gel, by Qingdao Marine Chemical (7 mentions)
Uv 2600 uv vis spectrophotometer, by Shimadzu (4 mentions)
Lichroprep rp 18 gel, by Merck Group (4 mentions)
Ecx 500 spectrometer, by JEOL (4 mentions)
Pack pro c18rs column, by YMC (3 mentions)
Chirascan circular dichroism spectrometer, by Applied Photophysics (3 mentions)
Silica gel, by Merck Group (3 mentions)
Gf254 plates, by Qingdao Haiyang Chemical (3 mentions)
Silica gel, by Qingdao Haiyang Chemical (3 mentions)
Ac 500 nmr, by Bruker (2 mentions)
Hplc grade acetonitrile mecn, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
2 nbdg assay kits, by Cayman Chemical (2 mentions)
Methanol, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Redi sep silica, by Teledyne (2 mentions)
1525 pump and pda 1996 detector, by Waters Corporation (2 mentions)
Gemini nx c18 110a, by Phenomenex (2 mentions)
Agilent cary 630 ftir, by Agilent Technologies (2 mentions)
P 2000 polarimeter, by JEOL (2 mentions)
Rp 18 f254, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
47 protocols using sephadex lh 20 gel
1
Structural Elucidation of Natural Products
2
HPLC-based Metabolite Analysis
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High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)-grade solvents were used for chromatography and all the other chemicals were of analytical-reagent grade. HPLC-grade acetonitrile (MeCN) and methanol were purchased from Merck Chemical Company (Darmstadt, Germany). Sephadex LH-20 gel was obtained from GE Health Care (Uppsala, Sweden). The 2-NBDG assay kits were purchased from Cayman Chemical (Ann Arbor, MI, USA). Minimum Essential Medium-α (MEM-α) and fetal bovine serum (FBS, and antibiotics (100 U/mL penicillin and 100 μg/mL streptomycin)) were obtained from Hyclone (Logan, UT, USA).
3
Purification and Characterization of Natural Compounds
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Diaion HP-20 resin (Mitsubishi Chemical Industries, Ltd., Tokyo, Japan), Sephadex LH-20 gel (GE Healthcare, Stockholm, Sweden), silica gel (230–400 mesh, Merck, Kenilworth, MA, USA), and LiChroprep RP-18 gel (40–63 mm, Merck) were used for open CC. Fractions were monitored by TLC analyses on silica gel 60 F254 (Merck) and RP-18 F254S (Merck) plates. MPLC (Teledyne Isco, Lincoln, NE, USA) was used for further fractionation with pre-packed Redi Sep-Silica (12 g, 24 g, 40 g, Teledyne Isco) and Redi Sep-C18 cartridges (26 g, 43 g, 80 g, Teledyne Isco). Preparative HPLC was performed using a HPLC purification system (1525 pump and PDA 1996 detector, Waters Corp., Milford, MA, USA) with a Gemini NX-C18 110A (250 × 21.2 mm i.d., 5 μm, Phenomenex, Torrance, CA, USA) or YMC-pack ODS-A columns (250 × 20.0 mm i.d., 5 μm, YMC Co., Ltd., Kyoto, Japan). UV and FT-IR spectra were recorded using OPTIZEN UV–Vis and Agilent Cary 630 FT-IR (Agilent Technologies, Santa Clara, CA, USA) spectrophotometers, respectively. Optical rotations were measured using a JASCO P-2000 polarimeter; NMR spectra were acquired by JEOL (JEOL, Tokyo, Japan) at 500 MHz; and HR-DART-MS spectra were obtained by the DART ion source (Ionsense, Tokyo, Japan) coupled to an AccuTOF-TLC (JEOL). Finally, the circular dichroism spectra were measured by a Chirascan-plus spectrometer (Applied Photophysics Ltd., Leatherhead, UK).
4
Spectroscopic Characterization of Compounds
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Optical rotations were acquired with a Perkin-Elmer (Waltham, MA, USA) 343 polarimeter. UV and IR spectra were acquired with a Perkin-Elmer Lambda 35 spectrophotometer and a Thermo (Waltham, MA, USA) iS50 spectrometer, respectively. ECD spectra were obtained with an Applied Photophysics (Leatherhead, England) Chirascan V100 spectrometer. NMR spectra were recorded on a Varian (Palo Alto, CA, USA) 500 MHz, a Jeol (Tokyo, Japan) 600 MHz, and a Bruker (Billerica, MA, USA) 850 MHz NMR spectrometer. NMR spectrometer. HRMS data were collected on a Thermo Q-Exactive mass spectrometer. Preparative HPLC system utilized YMC (Kyoto, Japan) LC-Forte/R and an ELS detector with a Phenomenex (Torrance, CA, USA) Luna C18 column (10 μm, 250 mm × 21.2 mm). Column chromatography was carried out using GE Healthcare (Chicago, IL, USA) Sephadex LH-20 gel.
5
Semipreparative HPLC Purification and Characterization
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Semipreparative high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was performed on a Waters 2535 HPLC coupled with a 2998 photodiode array (PDA) detector and a 2707 automatic sampler (Waters, Milford, MA, USA). Separations were carried out on Thermo C18 columns (5 μm, 10 × 250 mm; 5 μm, 20 × 150 mm). High performance liquid chromatography-photodiode array detector-electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (HPLC-PDA-ESIMS) analysis was recorded on a Waters ACQUITY SQD MS system connected to a Waters 1525 HPLC fitted with a 2998 PDA detector. EIMS data were obtained with a MAT-95 mass spectrometer. NMR spectra were recorded on an AVANCE III 600 MHz spectrometer (Bruker BioSpin, Ettlingen, Germany). The HPLC-grade acetonitrile for chromatography was purchased from Tedia Corporation (Fairfield, OH, USA). Sephadex LH-20 gel was obtained from GE Health Care (Uppsala, Sweden).
6
Characterization of Bioactive Compounds
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The nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra were recorded on a Bruker AC 500 (600) M NMR (Bruker, Fällanden, Switzerland) spectrometer with tetramethylsilane (TMS) as an internal standard. HRESIMS data were measured on an Agilent 6550iFunnelQ-TOFLC/MS (Bruker, Fällanden, Switzerland). UV spectra were recorded on a Shimadzu UV-2600 UV-Vis spectrophotometer (Shimadzu, Kyoto, Japan). Semi-preparative reversed-phase HPLC [(SP-RP) HPLC] was performed on a YMC-Pack Pro C18RS column (5 μm, 250 × 10 mm id; YMC, Kyoto, Japan) with a High-Performance Liquid Chromatograph Primaide equipped with a photodiode array (PDA) detector. Silica gel GF254 used for TLC was supplied by the Qingdao Marine Chemical Factory, Qingdao, China. Sephadex LH-20 gel (GE Healthcare, Uppsala, Sweden) was used. Flow cytometer (FCM) (Accuri C6 Plus, Becton, USA) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) (JSM-6700F, JEOL, Japan) were used in the research of antibacterial mechanism. Spots were detected on TLC under UV light or by heating by spraying with 12% H2SO4 in H2O.
7
Spectroscopic Analysis of Natural Products
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The NMR spectra were recorded on a Bruker AC 500 or AVANCE III HD 700 NMR spectrometer with TMS as an internal standard. HR-ESI-MS data were measured on a Bruker microTOF-QII mass spectrometer. Optical rotations were measured with an Anton Paar MCP500 polarimeter. UV spectra were obtained on a Shimadzu UV-2401PC spectrophotometer (Shimadzu Corporation, Kyoto, Japan). IR spectra were recorded on a Tensor 27 (Bruker Optics Gmbh, Ettlingen, Germany) with KBr pellets. CD spectra were measured with a Chirascan circular dichroism spectrometer (Applied Photophysics). YMC gel (ODS-A, 12 nm, S-50 µm) was used for column chromatography. The silica gel GF254 used for TLC was supplied by the Qingdao Marine Chemical Factory, Qingdao, China. Sephadex LH-20 gel (GE Healthcare, Stockholm, Sweden) was used. Semi-preparative HPLC was performed using an ODS column (YMC-pack ODS-A, YMC Co., Ltd., 10 × 250 mm, 5 µm, Kyoto, Japan). Spots were detected on TLC under UV light or by heating after spraying with 5% H2SO4 in EtOH (v/v). Artificial sea salt was a commercial product (Guangzhou Haili Aquarium Technology Company, Guangzhou, China). ODS (50 µm) was from Merk.
8
Characterization of Natural Products
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Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) experiments were performed on a JEOL ECX-500 spectrometer (1H, 500 MHz; 13C, 125 MHz; JEOL Ltd., Japan). All chemical shifts were referenced relative to the corresponding signals (δH 3.31/δC 49.15 for CD3OD). Electron ionization mass spectrometer (EI-MS) data were obtained using micromass spectrum (AUTOSPEC, UK). High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was performed using Agilent 1200 series (Agilent Technologies, CA, USA). Open column chromatography (CC) was carried out over a silica gel 60 (70–230 mesh, 230–400 mesh ASTM, Merck, Darmstadt, Germany) and sephadex LH-20 gel (GE Healthcare, Uppsala, Sweden). Pre-coated silica gel 60 F254 (Merck) were used for thin-layer chromatography (TLC).
9
Spectroscopic Characterization of Compounds
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The NMR spectra were recorded on a Bruker AC 500 NMR (Bruker, Fällanden, Switzerland) spectrometer with TMS as an internal standard. HRESIMS data were measured on a Bruker micro TOF-QII mass spectrometer (Bruker, Fällanden, Switzerland). UV spectra were recorded on a Shimadzu UV-2600 UV-Vis spectrophotometer (Shimadzu, Kyoto, Japan). X-ray diffraction intensity data were collected on a CrysAlis PRO charge-coupled device (CCD) area detector diffractometer with graphite monochromated Cu Kα radiation (λ = 1.54178 Å). Semi-preparative reversed-phase HPLC (RP-HPLC) was performed on a YMC-Pack Pro C18 RS column (5 μm, 250 × 10 mm id; YMC, Kyoto, Japan) with an Agilent 1260 (Agilent, Santa Clara, CA, USA) separation module equipped with a photodiode array (PDA) detector. Silica gel, GF254, used for TLC were supplied by the Qingdao Marine Chemical Factory (Qingdao, China). Sephadex LH-20 gel (GE Healthcare, Uppsala, Sweden) was used. Spots were detected on TLC under UV light or by heating by spraying with 12% H2SO4 in H2O.
10
Antioxidant Compounds Isolation and Purification
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2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), Folin-Ciocalteu phenol reagent, trifluoroacetic acid (TFA), sulfuric acid, sodium carbonate, vanillin, gallic acid, l -ascorbic acid, (+)-catechin, deuterium oxide (D2O), and deuterated methanol (CD3OD) were purchased from Sigma–Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). The Purospher STAR RP-18e column (4.0 mm i.d. × 250 mm, 5 μm) was purchased from Merck (Darmstadt, Germany). Methanol and acetonitrile were LiChrosolv and were purchased from Merck. Diaion HP-20 gel (Mitsubishi Chemical Industry, Tokyo, Japan), Sephadex LH-20 gel (GE Healthcare Biosciences, Uppsala, Sweden), LiChroprep RP-18 gel (40–63 μm, Merck), MCI CHP20P gel (Supelco, Bellefonte, PA, USA) and an Oasis HLB cartridge (12 mL, 500 mg, Waters, Milford, MA, USA) were used for the purification and isolation processes. Polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) 0.45-μm 13 mm syringe filters was purchased from IT’S Science Corporation (Taipei, Taiwan).
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