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7 protocols using anti il 2 apc

1

Multiparametric Flow Cytometry Analysis

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Cells were harvested and following incubation with Fc block (homemade containing 24G2 supernatant and mouse serum) surface stained with anti‐CD4 APC‐Alexa 780 (eBioscience; clone: RM4‐5), anti‐CD44 PerCP‐Cy5.5 (eBioscience; clone: IM7), CD8 PeCy7 (eBioscience; clone: 53–6.7), and “dump” antibodies: B220 (clone: RA3‐6B2) and MHC II (clone: M5114) both on eFluor‐450 (eBioscience) for 20 min at 4°C. Cells were stained with a fixable viability dye eFluor 506 (eBioscience) as per the manufacturer's recommendations. Cells were fixed with cytofix/cytoperm (BD Bioscience) for 20 min at 4°C and stained in permwash buffer with anticytokine antibodies for 1 h at room temperature (anti‐IFN‐γ PE (clone: XMG1.2;), anti‐TNF Alexa‐Fluor‐488 (clone: MP6‐XT22), anti‐IL‐2 APC (clone: JES6‐5H4) all from eBioscience. Following washing with permwash buffer, samples were acquired on a BD LSR or Fortessa and analyzed using FlowJo (version 10 Treestar). Data are presented as required for MIFlowCyt.
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2

Ex vivo Stimulation of PBMCs and T Cells

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PBMCs were thawed and stimulated directly ex vivo with or without peptides spanning DENV and ZIKV NS3 and capsid peptide pools (1 μg/ml), or with PMA/ionomycin as a positive control for 5 h at 37°C in the presence of Brefeldin A (10 μg/ml, Sigma-Aldrich). Anti CD107a FITC (clone H4A3) antibody was added to the cells at the beginning of the stimulation to assess their degranulation capacity. Similarly, T cells lines were stimulated with or without the peptide of interest (1 μg/ml) with in some cases addition of anti CD107a FITC antibody at the beginning of the stimulation. After stimulation cells were stained with the yellow LIVE/DEAD fixable dead cell stain kit (Invitrogen) and surface stained with anti CD8 PECY7 (clone RPA-T8) and anti CD4 BV 650 (clone RPA-T4) antibodies, then fixed, and permeabilized using the Cytofix/Cytoperm kit (BD Pharmingen). Cells were then stained with anti IFN-γ PE (R&D, clone 25723), anti IL-2 APC (eBioscience, clone MQ1-17H12), and/or anti TNF-α FITC antibodies (clone 6401.1111) and analyzed on a BD LSR II. Antibodies were purchased from BD unless otherwise stated.
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3

Intracellular Cytokine Staining of PBMC

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Isolated 106 PBMC were stimulated with phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) (25 ng/ml) and ionomycin (1 μg/ml) for 6 h at 37°C in RPMI‐1640 medium containing 10% FCS and 10 μg/ml brefeldin A. Immediately after stimulation, the cells were stained with anti‐CD3‐APC/Cy7 (BioLegend; clone HIT3a), anti‐CD4‐PerCP (BioLegend; clone RPA‐T4), anti‐CD8‐PE/Cy7 (eBioscience; clone RPA‐T8) and anti‐CD45RO‐Pacific Blue (BioLegend; clone UCHL1). Subsequently, cells were fixed and permeabilized using Cytofix/Cytoperm (BD), washed and stained for intracellular IL‐2 in Perm buffer with anti‐IL‐2‐APC [eBioscience; clone MQ1–17H12, in parallel with interferon (IFN)‐γ and tumour necrosis factor (TNF)‐α], assessed cytometrically with a fluorescence activated cell sorter (FACS)Canto II cytometer and analysed using FlowJo software (TreeStar, Inc.).
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4

Cytokine Production Assay in Immune Cells

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Splenocytes or peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were stimulated with peptide at 2 µg/mL; ionomycin and phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) at 2.0 mg/mL and 0.5 mg/mL, respectively, as positive assay controls; tissue culture medium with 1% DMSO was used as a negative control and processed as previously described [17 (link)]. The following mAb reagents were used: anti-CD107a phycoerythrin (PE)-conjugated mAb, anti-CD3 PerCP-eFluor710, anti-CD8a eFluor 450, anti-IFN-γ PE-Cy7, anti-IL-2 APC, and anti-tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) (all from eBioscience, San Diego, CA, USA) and anti-CD4 allophycocyanin (APC)/Cy7 (BioLegend, San Diego, CA, USA). Fixed cells were acquired on an LSRII flow cytometer (Becton Dickinson, Wokingham, UK). All mice were assayed in triplicates.
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5

Stimulation and Analysis of Mouse T Cells

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Mouse cell suspensions were stimulated with 50 μg/mL of TT or HEL peptide in the presence of BD GolgiPlug™ (BD Biosciences) for 2 h (37 °C). Cells were fixed and stained using the BD Cytofix/Cytoperm™ Kit (BD Biosciences). Surface and intracellular staining (ICS) were performed according to the manufacturer’s instructions, with anti-CD4-FITC, anti-CD3-APC-eFluor®780, anti-CD19-PECy7, anti-TNF-α-PerCP-e710, anti-IL-2-APC and anti-IFNγ-EF450 from eBioscience and anti-CD8a-PE from BD Biosciences.
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6

Immunization and Analysis of Arthritis in Mice

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Flt3L−/−, WT and Batf3−/− mice were immunized as previously described [23 (link)] and were inspected three times a week for signs of arthritis by two independent observers. All mice were sacrificed on day 43 after CIA induction. Blood, LNs and paws were harvested for analysis. Single-cell suspensions were obtained and after erythrocyte lysis (red blood cell lysis buffer, 2 ​min ​at RT; Sigma), cells were stained with the indicated fluorochrome-conjugated antibodies for surface markers and intracellular cytokines. LN cells were stained using the following markers: anti-TNF (APC, eBioscience), anti-IL-2 (APC, eBioscience), anti-IL-17 (Alexa 488, eBioscience), anti-IFNγ (PercP Cy5.5, eBioscience), anti-IL10 (PE, eBioscience), anti-GM-CSF (PE, eBioscience), anti-B220 (PerCP, eBioscience), anti-CD19 (Alexa 700, eBioscience), anti-GL7 (biotin, eBioscience), anti-IgD (PE, BD Pharmingen), anti-CD38 (FITC, eBioscience), anti-CD95 (APC, eBioscience) and streptavidin (PE-Cy7, eBioscience). Synovial cells were isolated and stained using antibodies against CD11c (PE-Cy7, eBioscience), MHCII (APC-Cy7, eBioscience), CD11b (Alexa 700) and CD103 (FITC, eBioscience). Serum levels of antibodies against chicken collagen type II (cCII) were measured by ELISA. Further details are described in supplementary methods.
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7

Antigen-Specific T Cell Activation

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Antigen specific T cells were cocultured with T2 cells pulsed with the cognate peptide versus a control peptide for 2 hours. Brefeldin A (eBioscience) was added to the coculture for another 4 hours. The cells were then fixed in 2% paraformaldehyde, permeabilized, and stained with anti-CD3 and anti-CD8 (BD Biosciences) along with anti-IFN-γ-PE-Cy7 and anti-IL-2-APC (eBioscience). Cytokine staining was assessed on CD3+CD8+ gated cells.
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